Term
| What is the most abundant linear polysaccharide? |
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Definition
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Term
| The free C4 end of cellulose is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| The free C1 end of cellulose is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the structural rational behind the naming of the reducing end? |
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Definition
| A reducing end is any sugar that has an aldehyde group or is capable of forming one through isomerisation. |
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Term
| Which hemicelluloses are the two most common in softwoods? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the three precursors for lignin |
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Definition
Coumaryl
Guaiacyl
Syringyl
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Term
| What is the structural difference of between the lignin precursors? |
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Definition
The number of methoxyl groups (-OCH3) at the meta positions.
Coumaryl=zero, Guaiacyl=2, Syringyl= 3 |
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Term
| Which lignin procursor is present in hardwoods but NOT in softwoods? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is tha name of the only C6 hemicellulose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which two hemicelluloses are most abindant in hardwood and grasses? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the names of the four most abundant carbohydrate monomers in lignocellulose? |
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Definition
Glucose
Mannose
Xylose
Arabinose |
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Term
| Which year did Denmark win the European Football Championship? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which two carbohydrate polymers are the most abundant in seeds? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three main constituents of lignocellulose? |
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Definition
Cellulose
Hemicellulose
Lignin |
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Term
| Which are the amporphous constitutents of lignocelulose? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which sugars in lignocellulose can be fermented by Saccharomyces cerivisiae? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common chemical bond between two glucose units? |
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Definition
| the β(1→4) glycosidic bond connecting the C1 and C4 carbons by an oxygen atom. |
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Term
| What are the two native polymorphs of cellulose? |
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Definition
1α and 1β
1α dominates in bacteria and 1β dominates in plants |
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Term
| What is the repeating unit of cellulose? |
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Definition
| Cellobiose -consisting of two glucose units |
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Term
| How many reducing and non-reducing ends does a linear polysaccharide have? |
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Definition
| One reducing and one non-reducing end |
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Term
| How many reducing and non-reducing ends do branched polysaccharides have? |
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Definition
| 1 reducing end and a variable amount of non-reducing ends |
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Term
| What is the chemical mechanism by which the β 1-4 bonds are cleaved? |
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Definition
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Term
| How is lignin degraded in vivo |
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Definition
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Term
| If you suspend lignocellulose in demineralised water, what will be the pH range? |
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Definition
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