Term
| Cephalocaudal Development |
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Definition
| process by which development proceeds from ead downward through body toward feet (head to tail) |
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Term
| Proximodistal Development |
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Definition
| Process by which development proceeds from center of body outward to extremities (near to far) |
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Term
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Definition
| Development from simple operations to more complex activities and functions |
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Term
| Piaget's theory of cognitive development (Sensorimotor) |
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Definition
- birth to 2 yrs
- infant learns about world through senses and motor activity
- Progresses from reflex activity through simple repetitive behaviors to imitative behaviors
- Develops sense of "cause and effect"
- Language enables child to better understand world
- curiosity, experimentation, and exploration result in learning process
- Object permanence is fully developed
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Term
| Erikson's Theory of Psychosocial Development |
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Definition
- Trust vs mistrust (birth to 1 yr)
- Task of first year of life is to establish trust in people providing care
- Mistrust develops if basic needs are inconsistently or inadequately met
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Term
| Fetal heart begins to beat at __wks |
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Definition
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Term
| All fetal body organs are formed by __wks |
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Definition
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Term
| Fetus assumes favorite position in utero; head hair, eyebrows, and eyelashes present at __wks |
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Definition
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Term
| Fetus weighs about ___ and activity is increasing; respiratory movments begin at ___wks |
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Definition
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Term
| Surfactant needed for breathing at birth is formed, and baby is 2/3 final size at ___ wks |
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Definition
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Term
| Fingernails and toenails are formed and SubQ fat appears; baby appears less red and wrinkled at ___ wks |
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Definition
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Term
| Baby fills uterus and gets antibodies from mother at __-__ wks |
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Definition
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Term
| Infant growth and development during neonatal period (birth to 1 month) |
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Definition
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head is .25 of body length; top heavy and short lower extremities
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weight: 6-8 Ib; gains 5-7oz (142-198g) weekly for first 6 months
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height: 20 in (50cm); grows 1 in (2.5cm) monthly for first 6 months
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head circumference: 33-35cm (13-14in); head circumference is > chest circumference
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Term
| Growth and development during infancy 1-12 months |
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Definition
- Weight: doubles in 6 months; triples in 1 year
- Height: increases 50% by 1 yr
- Head growth is rapid; brain increases in weight 2.5 x by 1 yr
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Term
| Posterior fontanel closes at ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Anterior fontanel closes by ___ |
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Definition
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Term
| Reflexes present at birth |
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Definition
- Moro
- Tonic neck
- Protective reflexes
- Grasp
- Rooting
- Babinski
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Term
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Definition
| startle reflex elicited by loud noise or sudden change in position |
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Term
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Definition
| elicted when infant lies supine and head is turned to one side; infant will assume a "fensing position" |
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Term
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Definition
| gag, cough, blink, pupillary |
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Term
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Definition
| infant's hands and feet will grasp when head or foot is stimulated |
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Term
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Definition
| elicited when side of mouth is touced, causing infant to turn to that side |
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Term
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Definition
| fanning of toes when sole of foot is stroked upward |
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Term
| Reflexes appearing during infancy |
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Definition
- parachute
- landau
- labyrinth righting
- body righting
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Term
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Definition
| involves extension of arms when suspended in prone position nd lowered suddenly |
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Term
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Definition
| when infant is suspended horizontally, head is raised |
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Term
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Definition
| Provides orientation of head in space |
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Term
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Definition
| When caregiver turns hips to the side, the body follows |
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Term
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Definition
| developmental maturation in posture, head balance, sitting, creeping, standing, and walking |
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Term
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Definition
| use of hands and fingers to grasp objects |
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