Term
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Definition
| Ability to change in our environments |
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Term
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Definition
| Allows us to cope with change more effectively |
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Term
| Pavlov's Theory-->respondent learning |
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Definition
Respondent learning e.g.
1. Meat is given to dog and dog salivates
2. Meat is given to dog and a bell is rung, dog salivates
3. Bell is rung, dog salivates |
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Term
| Skinner's theory-->Operant conditioning |
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Definition
| Operant conditioning through rewards and punnishements |
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Term
| Thorndike's theory-instrumental conditioning |
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Definition
| e.g. cat in box finds a way out through trial and error |
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Term
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Definition
| Parent chooses environment for child |
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Term
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Definition
| The child evokes a response that reinforces the heredity behaviour e.g. a baby with a sunny disposition |
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Term
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Definition
| Niche-picking to find an environment which suits traits |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemicals that can harm a foetus e.g. alcohol, drugs, tobacco etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Either secure of avoidant. Can be seen through "separation anxiety, stranger anxiety, reunion behaviour, and secure base". |
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Term
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Definition
| Past conscious thought that the individual can remember |
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Term
| Freudian mechanisms: DRDSPIRA |
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Definition
D. denial
R. repression
D. displacement
S. sublimation (taking out anger in a more acceptable way)
P. projection
I. intellectualization
R. rationalization (& missing the truth)
A. acting-out |
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Term
| Young children brain development: |
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Definition
| language skills & linking areas such as the corpus collosum and the cerebellum |
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Term
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Definition
| Second stage in Erik Erikson's theory. Especially related to toilet training. (18 months to three years) |
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Term
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Definition
| Third stage in Erik Erikson's theory. Exploring power and control. e.g When too much power is exerted the child will often be reprimanded (three to five years) |
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Term
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Definition
Non-social: solitary
Parallel: alongside
Social: collaborative (together) or associative (children helping each other to play) |
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Term
| When are gender stereotypes formed by? |
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Definition
| Approximately eighteen months. |
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Term
| Albert Bandura: moral development. ARRM |
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Definition
A. attention
R. retention
R. reproduction
M. motivation |
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Term
| Kohlberg's moral development stages: |
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Definition
Pre-conventional-personal gains and staying out of trouble
Conventional-doing things to please others and maintaining a sense of law and order
Post-conventional-social contract and universal ethics |
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Term
| Touch researchers; H.T.H.M.F |
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Definition
| Holt, Talbot, Harlow, Montegu, Field |
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Term
| School-aged children (6/7/-11 years) |
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Definition
| Latent period (Freud), industry versus inferiority, concrete operational (or just better IP?). Legs grow fastest. By age 9 girls overtake boys. |
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Term
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Definition
| Climbing Te Are Poutama. Holistic. |
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Term
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Definition
| more than 20% over "healthy weight" |
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Term
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Definition
| "a biologically universal disturbance" |
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Term
| G. Stanley Hall (on teenagers) |
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Definition
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Term
| Harry Stack Sullivan (on teenagers) |
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Definition
| "Rebellion" and "peer pressure" |
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Term
| When do children go through their adolescent growth spurt? |
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Definition
| Between the ages of eleven and sixteen. |
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Term
| What are most NZ teenagers dying from? |
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Definition
| motor accidents, then suicide, then illness, then drowning/falling, then "other" |
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Term
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Definition
| fairy tales and sexuality |
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Term
| Abraham Maslow: basic needs need to be met first |
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Definition
| physiology> safety>belonging>self-esteem>self-actualization |
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Term
| Middle aged people are often called the... |
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Definition
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Term
| Order of touch researchers. H.T.H.M.F |
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Definition
| Holt, Talbot, Harlow, Montegu, Field |
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Term
| Jean Piaget's Four stages of Cognitive development |
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Definition
1. sensory-motor
2. pre-operational
3. concrete operations
4. formal operations |
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Term
| Broffenbrenner's Ecological theory: |
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Definition
1. microsystem
2. mesosystem
3. exosystem
4. macrosystem
5. chronosystem |
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Term
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Definition
| John Bowlby and Mary Ainsworth. Attachment pre-third year of life is important. |
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Term
| What are Jean Piaget's four stages of cognitive development? |
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Definition
1. Sensory-motor
2. Pre-operations
3. Concrete operations
4. Formal operations |
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Term
| What are Broffenbrenner's five stages? |
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Definition
1. Micorsystem
2. Mesosystem
3. Exosystem
4. Macrosystem
5. Chronosystem |
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Term
| What are Vygotsky's stages? |
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Definition
1. Thinking in unordered heaps
2. Thinking in complex stage
3. Thinking in context stage
4. Thinking in true concepts stage |
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Term
| Why do Victims often not leave? 6 F's: |
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Definition
1. Finance
2. Family
3. Faith
4. Forgiveness
5. Fantasy
6. Fear |
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Term
| What are Sigmoid Freud's psycho-sexual stages? |
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Definition
1. Oral
2. Anal
3. Phallic
4. Latent
5. Genital |
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Term
| What is Gisela Labouvie-Vief's theory about? |
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Definition
| Gisela Labouvie-Vief's theory is about youth displaying idealistic thinking and adults using pragmatic/realistic thinking |
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Term
| What are John Heron's 6 stages? |
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Definition
1. Informative
2. Supportive
3. Prescriptive
4. Cathartic
5. Catalytic
6. Sensitive confrontation |
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Term
| What are the 5 stages of grief according to Kuebler-Ross? |
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Definition
1. Denial
2. Anger
3. Bargaining
4. Depression
5. Acceptance |
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Term
| What are Daniel Levinson's stages as set down by "The Seasons of Man." |
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Definition
1. Early adult transition (17-22)
2. Entering the Adult world as a novice (22-28)
3. Age 30 transition (28-30)
4. Settling down (33-40) |
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Term
| What is the activity theory? |
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Definition
| That in order for people to progress through old age successfully they must remain physically and socially active. |
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Term
| What is the Disengagement theory? |
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Definition
| That it is mutually beneficial for both the old and the young if old people slowly disengage from contributing to society. This ensures that there is no power vacuum and that old people can self reflect on their lives. |
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Term
| What is the abandonment theory? |
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Definition
| That old people are abandoned by society as they are not valued in a world that praises beauty and youth. They lose their status, are segregated, and have a declined lifestyle. |
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Term
| What is the continuity theory? |
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Definition
| That the core of a person remains the same throughout their lifespan. This theory links all the stages of life. |
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