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| the study of age-related changes in behavior and mental processes from conception to death |
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nature vs. nurture
continuity vs. stages
stability vs. change |
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| 3 most important debates in development psychology |
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| development governed by automatic, genetically predetermined signals |
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| period of special sensitivity to specific types of learning that shapes the capacity for future development |
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| interactionist perspective |
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| in between extreme naturist and extreme nuturist |
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-biological factors(genetics, brain functions, biochemisty, and evolution)
-psychological influences(learning, thinking, emotion, personalityy, and motivation)
-social factors(family, school, culture, ethnicity, social classes, and politics) |
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| interactionist evolved into the biopsychosocial model which includes |
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| research design that measures individuals of various ages at one point in time and gives information about age differences |
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| research design that measures a single individual or a group of same-aged individuals over an extended period and gives information about age changes |
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| differences that result from specific histories of the age group studied |
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| first stage of prenatal development, which begins with conception and ends with implantation in the uterus (first 2 weeks) |
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| second stage of prenatal development which begins after uterine implantation and lasts through the 8th week |
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| final stage of prenatal development(8th week to birth), which is characterized by rapid weight gain in the fetus and the fine detailing of bodily organs and systems |
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| vascular organ that unites the fetus to the mother's uterus |
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| near to far - head and upper body developing before the lower body |
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| environmental agents that cause damage during prenatal development |
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| neutrotoxic syndrome caused by mother drinkers |
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| brain, motor, and sensory/perceptional development |
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| 3 key changes in early childhood |
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| period of adolescence when a person becomes capable of reproduction |
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| period of development between childhood and adulthood |
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| rapid increases in height,weight, and skeletal growth, and changes in reproductive structures and sexual characteristics |
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| cessatioon of the menstrual cycle , occurs between 45 - 55 |
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| physical and psychological changes in male |
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| prejudice or discrimination based on physical age |
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| gradual, inevitable age-related changes in physical and mental process |
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| changes resulting from disease, disuse, or neglect |
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| programmed theory and damage theory |
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| 2 main theories explaining primary aging and death |
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| aging is genetically controlled |
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| accumulation of damage to cells and organs over the years ultimately causes death |
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| schemas, assimilation, accommodation |
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| cognitive structures or patterns consisting of a number of organized ideas that grow and differentiate with experience |
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| the process of absorbing new information into existing schemas |
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| process of adjusting old schemas or developing new ones to better fit with new information |
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| sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, formal operational |
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Definition
| Piaget's 4 stages of cognitive development |
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| birth to 2; schemas are developed through sensory and motor activities |
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| 2 to 7; ability to employ significant language and to think symbolically, though the child lacks operations and thinking is egocentric and animistic |
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| reversible mental processes |
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| preoperational child's limited ability to distinguish between his or her own persepective and someone else's |
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| belief that all things are living |
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| concrete operational stage |
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| 7 to 11; child can perform mental operations on concrete objects and understand reversibility and conservation, though abstract thinking is not yet present |
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| 11 and beyond; characterized by abstract and hypothetical thinking |
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| intensive investigation in an adolescent's own thoughts and feelings and a belief that these thoughts are unique |
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| believe that you are center of other's thoughts and attentions |
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| cognitive abilities of infants and young children, genetic influences on cognition, effect of cultural experiences on cognition |
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| critics have suggested that piaget underestimated___. |
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| ___ is one of the first scientists rto demonstrate that a child's intellect is fundamentally different from an adult's. |
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