Term
| What was the purpose of creating monuments? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is depicted in the artwork describing the founding of Rome? |
|
Definition
| Aeneas carrying his father and son from danger |
|
|
Term
| What land did Aeneas establish directly? |
|
Definition
| the Roman race at alba longa |
|
|
Term
| Who told the story of Aeneas and the founding of Alba Longa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who actually founded Rome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the Rape of the Sabine Women |
|
Definition
| Romulus did not have the support of a female population so he threw a party for one of the gods and his soldiers captured the women who attended. They were later given the choice of marrying those men or returning home. No sexual crimes were committed |
|
|
Term
| What is the lineage of the Roman people? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is our class located in relation to the original Roman infrastructure? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who are the 5 Peoples of Italy? Who are the two most important? |
|
Definition
| Etruscans, Latins, Sabines, Samites, and Greeks; Etruscans and Greeks |
|
|
Term
| Who were the first and last of the Seven Kings of Rome? |
|
Definition
| Romulus and Tarquin Superbus (The Proud) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the influence of the Etruscans on Roman life |
|
Definition
| They were the most advanced group in Italy and influenced Art, Technology and trade |
|
|
Term
| When did the Republic begin and end? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the main reason behind Rome's success in battle? |
|
Definition
| The large number of soldiers in their army |
|
|
Term
| Define a Pyrrhic victory. Who is it named after? |
|
Definition
| A victory that cost too much; Pyrrhus of Epirus |
|
|
Term
| What were the three stages in the fall of the republic? |
|
Definition
| Civil War (Pompey v Caesar); Caesar (Dictator for Life); 2nd Civil War (Octavian v Anthony) |
|
|
Term
| What is the Roman idea of a Dictator? |
|
Definition
| A person who temporarily holds complete power in times of crisis |
|
|
Term
| What term was created to replace "Rex"? Who was it first used by? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the 5 types of columns? |
|
Definition
| Doric (Tuscan), Ionic, Corinthian (Composition) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the four types of building materials |
|
Definition
| Tufa (dark grey volcanic rock; often used); Brickwood (plastered over to resemble marble); Tavertine (local limestone); Marble (the best kind was imported from Greece) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the three types of interior building shapes |
|
Definition
| Arch (had a round cap); Vault (extended arch); Dome (series of arches; Pantheon) |
|
|
Term
| What is the Greek equivalent of the Forum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When does the forum become buried? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the location of the Forum (between what two hills)? |
|
Definition
| between Capitoline and Palatine Hill |
|
|
Term
| What was the original name of the Forum and how was it maintained? |
|
Definition
| Vilabrum (marsh); drained by a cloica maxima |
|
|
Term
| What era was the time of Julius Caesar and Augustus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was the father of Titus and why was he important? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The Arch of Titus was the first of many great ____ ____ that were created to celebrate military victory |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What victory led to the creation of the Arch of Titus? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Hestia is the Greek equivalent of what Roman goddess? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was one of the oldest goddesses worshiped by the Romans? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the Temple of Vesta |
|
Definition
| Circular structure with 20 columns where the Vestal Virgins maintained the eternal flame |
|
|
Term
| When was the eternal flame extinguished? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structure acted as a chimney in the Temple of the Vesta? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the life and requirements of the Vestal Virgin |
|
Definition
| Typically 6-8 in number; originally only the Plebians could hold this position (upper class) but lower classes were later able to do so; Highly revered and could choose to marry after 30 years of service; began at age 10 |
|
|
Term
| What was another function of the House of the Vestal Virgins? |
|
Definition
| you could deposit your will there |
|
|
Term
| What is left of the Temple of Julius Caesar and why? What is significant about this structure? |
|
Definition
| the foundation; it was burned to the ground; first temple built that was dedicated to a human |
|
|
Term
T/F:
A basilica is a church |
|
Definition
| False; it is a building layout that was adopted by many churches |
|
|
Term
| Who built the Portico of Gaius and Lucius and the Basilica Pauli? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Forum structure was an early form of a shopping mall and dedicated to the deceased sons of Augustus? |
|
Definition
| The Portico of Gaius and Lucius |
|
|
Term
| What purpose did the Basilica Pauli serve? |
|
Definition
| a meeting place for the senate |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Curia of the Roman Forum |
|
Definition
| Roof added by Muselini in the 1930's; was converted to a church which kept it from being destroyed; had an outdoor area where the public would meet and speak to the Senate: set precept of speaking to the people versus the government |
|
|
Term
ID:
places of healing and worship used in the olden days usually maintained that function because of this... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the great achievement of Septimus Severus and who helped him achieve it? |
|
Definition
| The defeat of the Parthion empire; conquered Mesopotamia; his sons Caracalla and Geta |
|
|
Term
| What is the story of the sons of Septimus Severus? |
|
Definition
| Caracalla kills Geta and tries to erase him from history |
|
|
Term
| What monument of the Roman Forum was part of the Capitol Line? what is the purpose of this structure? |
|
Definition
| Temple of Concordia; held records |
|
|
Term
| What structure in the Roman Forum was restored by Severus? |
|
Definition
| The Temple of Vespasia and Titus |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Temple of Saturn |
|
Definition
| Acted as state treasury; home of the Saturnalia |
|
|
Term
ID:
festival where masters and slaves "switched places" and exchanged gifts. Was the basis for the christmas holiday |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What Roman Forum structure was built to face the Temple of Julius Caesar and was on the west terminus of the Forum |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What structure was begun by Julius Caesar, faces the Forum and has many Civiv Functions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the story of Castor and Pollux? |
|
Definition
| Brother of Helen of Troy; one was divine and the other was not. When the mortal died that divine brother offered his immortality to the gods who were so impressed with his generosity they brought the brother back and gave them the constellation Gemini |
|
|
Term
| What is the original name for the colosseum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What incident caused 75% of Rome to burn during the reign of Nero? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What palace was built by Nero after the Great Fire of 64 AD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What two parties were blamed for the Great Fire of 64 AD? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who came out successful after the year of 4 Emperors and why? |
|
Definition
| Vespasian; the Sack of Jerusalem (funded the Colosseum) |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Colossus of Nero |
|
Definition
| a true colossus with the body of Helius and the face of Nero; Lent the Colosseum its name because it stood at its entrance; 30-40m tall and made of bronze |
|
|
Term
| Who was Rome's first Christian Emperor? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who dedicates their own arch? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| "Big Sweat"; the turning point on a stadium; part of the Triumphal Way; large water fountain |
|
|
Term
| How long did it take to build the Flavian Theatre and who finished it? |
|
Definition
| 10 years; Titus (son of Vespasian) |
|
|
Term
| What was the largest amphitheatre in the Roman world? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What materials made the Flavian Theatre (inside and out)? |
|
Definition
| travertine and iron clamps; tuffa, brick, and mortar |
|
|
Term
| What happened to the Colosseum in the 3rd C AD? |
|
Definition
| The wooden top level burned down |
|
|
Term
| What were Colosseum tickets made from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| tunnels and ramps throughout the lower levels of the Colosseum for easy entry/exit |
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the training school for gladiators? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name for the hollow cavernous underground area of the Colosseum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the name for the wild animal hunts of the Colosseum? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What were the 3 types of "daily" shows? |
|
Definition
| Morning midday and afternoon |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was banned from Colosseum shows and why? |
|
Definition
| Former gladiators and grave diggers (contaminated by the stench of death "miasma") and actors (too lowly) |
|
|
Term
| What kinds of ppl attended Colosseum events? |
|
Definition
| Women (not encouraged), senators, equestrians, children and their tutors, Emporer, Vestal Virgins |
|
|
Term
| Describe the later life of the Colosseum |
|
Definition
| Gladiator games ended but hunting games continued, church is later built onsite and arena floor turned into cemetery; left end was fortified and made a strong hold; arches were converted into shops; becomes a monastery at end of 19th C AD |
|
|
Term
| What is the ethnicity of Emperor Hadrian? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which of the 5 Good Emperors is Hadrian? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What race did Hadrian like the most? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who set the trend of the beard? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the reign of Hadrian |
|
Definition
| 117-138 AD; most peaceful of the 5 Good Emperors |
|
|
Term
| Why was Hadrian's Villa created? |
|
Definition
| Hadrian was not welcome in Rome by the Senate because he is a Spaniard so he built it as his home away from home |
|
|
Term
| How did Hadrian become Emperor? |
|
Definition
| Trajan pronounced him as his successor on his death bed. There were no documents, just the word of his wife |
|
|
Term
| How did Hadrian acquire his popularity? |
|
Definition
| He was a military man and befriended the soldiers of Rome. Since he had the army on his side the Senate could not do anything against him |
|
|
Term
| What is Hadrian's favorite architectural piece |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the other 2 building projects of Hadrian? |
|
Definition
| the dome of the Pantheon and Hadrian's wall |
|
|
Term
| Why does Hadrian's Vill look dilapidated? |
|
Definition
| It was quarried for use in the Villa D'este |
|
|
Term
| What are the resources of Tivoli? |
|
Definition
| Travertine, tufa, lime, water, and 1 hour walk from Rome |
|
|
Term
| What are the main foreign elements is Hadrian's Villa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| columns in the shape of women |
|
|
Term
| What structure of Hadrian's Villa was modeled after a god popular with the military? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe the dispute of the Great Baths |
|
Definition
| It was originally thought that the large one was for men while the small was for women but the detail in the artwork suggests that the small was for upperclass visitors and the large was for servants |
|
|
Term
| Define cryptoporticus literally and provide its practical usage |
|
Definition
| hidden door; series of underground tunnels that allow for private underground transportation |
|
|
Term
| Describe the winter palace |
|
Definition
| heated area 2 levels high with a pool surrounded by a colonnade |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from Greek "Poiile" for a painted area; lavishly decorated area where you were meant to walk off your meal |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Philosophers Hall |
|
Definition
| Speaking/Audience hall with 7 niches that held statues of the 7 Sages of Greece |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Maritime Theatre |
|
Definition
| was house, not a theater that served as Hadrian's man cave |
|
|
Term
| What area of Hadrian's Villa was used to impress visitors? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was the center (oldest part) of Roman civilization |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where was the palace of Romulus located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is special about the Palatine slopes? |
|
Definition
| Brick terracing structures were used to extend the size of the hill |
|
|
Term
| What is the story of the Temple of Apollo? |
|
Definition
| Augustus was expanding his home when lightning struck a particular piece of land. Instead of building his home there he decided to make it a temple to Apollo |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Farnese Gardens |
|
Definition
| maze of bushes and plants imported from around the world. Kept up in 1920s by someone who is now buried there |
|
|
Term
| Where is our class located? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the name of the bridge we cross every day to go to class? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was once located where our class is? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was the architect of victory at the Battle of Actium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was the right hand of Augustus and why? |
|
Definition
| Marcus Agrippa because he was the military genius of the two |
|
|
Term
| Who was the architect of the original Pantheon? What happened to it? |
|
Definition
| Marcus Agrippa; Burnt to the ground and rebuilt by Hadrian |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Basilica of Neptune/Poseidon |
|
Definition
| also referred to as a temple; a normal structure (anyone could come); not holy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| famous statue of an athlete (Apoxyomenas)scraping the oil off his body with a strigel; contrapostal; stood in front of the Basilica of Neptune |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Next door to the Basilica of Neptune; extravagant place to vote built by Augustus |
|
|
Term
| Who was the sculptor of the scraper? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Describe Gnaeus Pompeius Magnus |
|
Definition
| Pompey the Great; built first stone theater (Largo Argentina) |
|
|
Term
| What theater was larger then Pompey's? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Where is the Largo Argentina currently located? |
|
Definition
| The ruins in front of the book store; site of murder of Julius Caesar |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Republican Temples |
|
Definition
| built by the Catallus Family; Temple of Journa, Luck of this Day; Feronia, Lores Permarini; located in front of book store |
|
|
Term
| What are the four key points of the timeline of Rome? |
|
Definition
753BC-Founding of Rome
753BC-508BC-Age of Monarchy
508BC-27BC-Republic
27BC-476AD- W. Empire |
|
|
Term
| What are the 6 classes of Roman society? |
|
Definition
| Patricians, Equites (knights; not nobles but rich enough to be one); Plebians; Latin Right (how other groups were incorporated into citizenship); Freedmen; slaves |
|
|
Term
| What are the four types of Roman names? |
|
Definition
| Praenomen; Nomen; Cognomen; Cognomen ex virtute |
|
|
