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Definition
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Definition
| Crossing-over and independent assortment |
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Definition
| is the sum total of all the gene mixing that occurs during sexual reproduction |
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Definition
| states that individuals with genes that make them better adapted to their surroundings are more likely to have higher survival rates and produce more offspring |
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| Differential Reproduction |
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Definition
organisms with genes that make them more
"fit" will reproduce more offspring
therefore the favorable gene or genes will become increasingly common in the population |
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Definition
| measure of how often a given gene turns up in the gametes of a population |
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Definition
| cause evolutionary change in small populations |
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Definition
| gene migration between populations |
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Definition
| one geographic region to another |
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Definition
| geographic distribution of a species |
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Definition
| A portion of the gene pool becomes separated from the rest of the gene pool by some geographic change |
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Definition
| process of generating new species |
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Definition
| occurs when 2 populations become so specialized for different environmental conditions---can't survive where other occurs |
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Definition
occurs when 2 sympatric populations occupy different habitats within their common range (toads) |
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Definition
| occurs when two closely related sympatric species breed during different season |
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Definition
| occurs when behavioral cues are associated with successful courtship and mating |
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Definition
| occurs when structural differences between two closely related species prevents matings (usually differences in shape of genitalia) |
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Definition
| occurs when 2 different species are able to mate but egg and sperm will not form a zygote |
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Definition
| occurs when mating and fertilization between two species are successful but the embryo does not develop properly |
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Definition
| occurs when a hybrid resulting from interbreeding dies before reproducing or is so weak or malformed that it can't reproduce |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when a hybrid is vigorous but sterile |
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Term
| Selective Hybrid Elimination |
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Definition
| occurs when a hybrid is capable for reproducing but they and there offspring are less fit and soon eliminated from the population-within a few generations |
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Term
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Definition
| number of chromosomes present is increased |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
-all organisms produce more offspring than can survive -no 2 organisms are exactly alike -among organisms, there is a constant struggle for survival -individuals with favorable characteristics are more likely to survive and produce more offspring -favorable characteristics become more common in the species and unfavorable characteristics are lost |
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Term
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Definition
| speciation events cause branches in the evolution of a group of organisms |
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Definition
is characterized by a rapid increase in the number of kinds of closely related species occurs as an "explosion" of new species from one common ancestor |
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Definition
| occurs when organisms of widely different backgrounds develop similar characteristics |
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Definition
| pattern of slow change for millions of years followed by rapid change. |
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| Four Characteristics of living things |
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Definition
1.Metabolic processes 2.Control processes 3.Generative processes 4.Responsive processes |
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Definition
| living organisms from nonliving material |
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Definition
| living organisms only from other living organisms |
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Term
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Definition
Disproved spontaneous generation - 2 sets of jars both containing decaying meat
- one set was covered with gauze
- flies landed on the meat in the open jars
- maggots only developed in uncovered jars
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Term
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Definition
- fermentable sugar solution in beaker with swan neck and boiled it
- as a control he cut off the swan neck
- the solution did not ferment in the beaker with a neck but did in the open beaker
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Term
| Alexander Oparin and JBS Haldane |
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Definition
- believers of spontaneous generation
- takes billions of years
- could only occur under those conditions present very early in the earth's history
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Definition
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Definition
- glass apparatus containing water ammonia methane and hydrogen
- heated some parts and cooled others to stimulate rainfall
- added electrical charges
- was able to synthesize amino acids and sugars
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Term
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Definition
- non-living structures that led to the first living cells
- consisted of carbs, proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids
- that accumulated to form a coacervate
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Term
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Definition
| consists of organic macromolecules surrounded by a shell of water molecules |
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Definition
| droplets that form when hot aqueous mixtures of polypeptides are cooled |
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Definition
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Definition
| formation of polypeptides only occur in a reducing atmosphere |
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Definition
- relies on other organisms to survive
- were anaerobic
- first primitive cells
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Definition
| captures energy from sunlight or chemicals |
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