Term
|
Definition
the failure to conceive following 12 months of frequent, unprotected intercourse.
for women 35+ 6 months |
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Term
| When does spermatogenesis start and what is a sperm made up of |
|
Definition
puberty through lifetime
head middle tail |
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Term
| what is the life cycle of a sperm |
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Definition
| 1-2 days but up to 5 days |
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Term
| How is infertility affected with men? |
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Definition
sperm count
ability to move (motility)
ability to fertilize the egg |
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Term
| Causes of male infertility |
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Definition
abnormal sperm production or function
problems with delivery of sperm
general health and lifestyle (ETOH, obesity)
Overexposure to certain environmental factors (chemicals boxer shorts no hot tubs)
damage related to cancer and treatments
age |
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Term
| When does oogenesis ocurr |
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Definition
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Term
| When does ovulation occur |
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Definition
| approx 14 days before onset of menustral cycle |
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Term
| how long does an egg last |
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Definition
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Term
| causes of female infertility |
|
Definition
fallopian tube damage or blockage
endometriosis
ovulation disorders
elevated prolactin
polycystic ovary syndrome
early menopause
uterine fibroids
pelvic adhesions
medications and/or cancer tx
thyroid problems
other medical conditions like diabetes |
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Term
| Male and female risk factors |
|
Definition
age
smoking
alcohol use
drug use
overweight/underweight
too much exercise |
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Term
|
Definition
general physical exam and history
semen analysis
hormone testing
ultrasonography
testicular biopsy
sperm penetration assay |
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Term
| What is a sperm penetration assay |
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Definition
| take the sperm and see how it fertilizes the ovum of a hamster |
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Term
| !!!how to collect a semen analysis |
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Definition
| masturbation or collection in a condom after a 3 day abstinence |
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Term
| How many samples for a semen analysis |
|
Definition
| 3+ over several weeks time |
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Term
| Considerations for semen analysis |
|
Definition
transport close to body for warmth, no ice
deliver within one hour
avoid spermicidal lubricants
avoid measures that increase scrotal temperature like tight underwear, hot tubs or sanuas
note the time obtained |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
general pe and hx
ovulation testing/reserve testing (hormone testing)
ovulation prediction; basal body temperature
ultrasonography
hysterosalpingography
laparoscopy
postcoital test |
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Term
| What is a nursing consideration for ovulation prediction? |
|
Definition
| take temperature before getting out of bed |
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Term
| what is a hysterosalpingogram |
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Definition
| gentle injection of contrast medium into the cervix while imaging the pelvis to visualize passage of dye through uterus and fallopian tubes |
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Term
|
Definition
behavioral approaches to address impotence or premature ejaculation
lack of sperm
surgery or hormone therapy
assisted reproductive technology |
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Term
| What medications are available? |
|
Definition
Sildenafil (viagra), tadalafil (cialis) vardenafil (levitra)
increase blood flow to the penis |
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Term
| What kinds of assisted reproductive therapy are available for male infertility |
|
Definition
electric or vibratory stimulation to acheive ejaculation
surgical sperm aspiration |
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Term
| medications for female infertility |
|
Definition
clomiphene citrate
gonadotropins
human chorionic gonadotropin
metforman
bromocriptine |
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Term
| Clomiphene citrate (clomid, serophene) |
|
Definition
first line of medications to STIMULATE OVULATION
oral |
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Term
| Side effects of clomiphene citrate |
|
Definition
hot flashes, mood swings
low risk of multiple births |
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Term
| Gonadotropins (pergonal, repronex, menopur) |
|
Definition
used when clomid fails to induce
IM or SQ |
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Term
| a patient is on clomid and it is not stimulating ovulation, and a gonadotropin is prescribed, what should the nurse do? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can gonadotropins cause |
|
Definition
hyperstimulation (Doherty: "Lots and lots of eggs.")
higher risk of multiples |
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Term
|
Definition
PO
boots ovulation in INSULIN RESISTANT WOMEN |
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Term
|
Definition
PO
regulates ovulation by decreasing prolactin production |
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Term
|
Definition
| advanced reproductive techniques |
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|
Term
| In vitro fertilization (IVF) |
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Definition
most common
retrieval of mature egg from a women, fertilized with a mans sperm in a lab and implanted 1-3 days later |
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Term
| Gamete Intrafallopian Transfer (GIFT) |
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Definition
similar to IVF
two ova and multiple sperm in catheter, injected into each fallopian tube |
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Term
| Zygote intrafallopian transfer (ZIFT) |
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Definition
| combination of IVF and GIFT |
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Term
|
Definition
opening of outer cover of embryo (hacthing)
goal to assist implantation of embryo into the uterus |
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Term
| complications of infertility treatment |
|
Definition
multiple pregnancy
overian hyperstimulation syndroms (OHSS)
bleeding or infection
low birth weight
birth defects |
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Term
|
Definition
| abdominal pain, bleeding, swelling, possible interference with breating |
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|
Term
| other considerations for ART |
|
Definition
therapeutic insemination
intrauterine insemination
sperm donation
egg donation
surrogate parenting |
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Term
| Psychologic concerns for infertility |
|
Definition
shock (loss)
guilt (infertility may be r/t std)
isolation (others are getting pregnant)
depression
stress on relationship
failure/sucess of treatment |
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Term
|
Definition
avoid drug, alcohol, and tobacco use
Men: avoid high temperatures which affect sperm production
exercise moderately
avoid weight extremes
limit caffeine
limit medications |
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Term
| Assessment of the infertile couple |
|
Definition
evaluate how infertility has affected them
evaluate support systems
culture
religion
personal values
how are they coping |
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Term
|
Definition
| situational low self esteem |
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Term
| nursing interventions for the infertile couple for assisting communication |
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Definition
communication techniques like active listenins and exploration
encourage them to accept their feelings
reinforce normality of mixed emotions |
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Term
| nursing interventions for infertile couple for increasing their sense of control |
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Definition
how have they dealt with stressors
relaxation techniques
explain any prodecures
clarify information
help them to explore options |
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Term
| nursing interventions for reducing isolation |
|
Definition
support groups
help to identify ways to improve communication with family and friends |
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