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| Good, normal Example: Euthyroid: A state in which the thyroid gland functions normally, producing the right levels of thyroid hormones necessary for metabolism and growth. |
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| Below, under, deficient Example: Hypoglycemia: A condition characterized by abnormally low blood sugar levels, often causing symptoms such as dizziness, shakiness, and confusion. |
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| All, total Example: Panhypopituitarism: A condition in which the pituitary gland fails to produce or secretes all of its hormones, leading to a wide range of endocrine dysfunctions. |
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| Around, beside, beyond, abnormal |
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| Many or much Example: Polyuria: Excessive urination, a common symptom of diabetes mellitus due to high blood sugar levels affecting kidney function. |
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| Four Example: Tetralogy of Fallot: A condition involving four congenital heart defects that may indirectly affect endocrine function due to oxygenation issues. |
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| Run, running together Example: Syndrome: A group of symptoms or signs that occur together, such as Cushing’s syndrome, which results from excessive cortisol production by the adrenal glands. |
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| Excision, cut out Example: Thyroidectomy: Surgical removal of the thyroid gland, often performed to treat conditions such as hyperthyroidism, thyroid cancer, or goiters. |
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| Specialist who studies and treats |
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| Condition of, formation, development, growth |
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| Gland Example Adenoma: A benign tumor of an endocrine gland, such as a pituitary adenoma, which can affect hormone production and cause symptoms like vision problems or hormonal imbalances. |
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| Adrenal glands Example Adrenalectomy: Surgical removal of one or both adrenal glands, often performed to treat adrenal tumors or excessive hormone secretion. |
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| Calcium Example Hypercalcemia: An elevated level of calcium in the blood, often caused by overactivity of the parathyroid glands (hyperparathyroidism). |
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| Cortex, outer layer of a body organ |
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| Thirst Example Polydipsia: Excessive thirst, commonly associated with diabetes mellitus or diabetes insipidus due to hormonal imbalances affecting water regulation. |
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| Sameness Example Homeostasis: The maintenance of a stable internal environment in the body, such as balanced hormone levels to regulate metabolism and growth. |
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| Mucus Example Myxedema: Severe hypothyroidism characterized by swelling and deposits of mucus-like substances in the skin, often affecting the face and extremities. |
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| Body Example Somatotropin: A growth hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates body growth and cell reproduction. |
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| Adrenocorticotropic Hormone |
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| Follicle-Stimulating Hormone |
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| Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults |
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| Oral Glucose Tolerance Test |
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| Radioactive Iodine Treatment |
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| Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone |
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| A condition caused by adrenal insufficiency, leading to reduced production of cortisol and aldosterone. Symptoms include fatigue, hyperpigmentation, low blood pressure, and weight loss. |
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| A disorder caused by excessive cortisol levels, often due to a pituitary adenoma or long-term corticosteroid use. Symptoms include moon face, central obesity, purple striae, and hypertension. |
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| An autoimmune disorder leading to hypothyroidism due to chronic inflammation of the thyroid gland. Symptoms include fatigue, weight gain, cold intolerance, and dry skin. |
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Clusters of endocrine cells in the pancreas that secrete insulin, glucagon, and somatostatin. Dysfunction can lead to diabetes mellitus or other metabolic disorders.
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| Pertaining to Example Vaginal: Pertaining to the vagina, as in vaginal delivery, which refers to childbirth through the birth canal. |
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Excision or surgical removal |
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Beginning, development, or production |
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| Diseased state, abnormal state, condition of |
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| Loosening, dissolution, separating |
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| Surgical fixation, suspension |
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| Creation of a new opening |
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| orch/o, orchi/o, orchid/o: |
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| Pelvis, pelvic bones, pelvic cavity Example Pelvimetry: Measurement of the dimensions of the pelvis, often performed during pregnancy to assess the feasibility of vaginal delivery. |
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Uterine tube, fallopian tube |
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| Vas deferens, vessel, duct |
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Amniocentesis
- A diagnostic procedure in which a needle is inserted into the amniotic sac to collect amniotic fluid, often used to detect chromosomal abnormalities or infections during pregnancy.
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| Hormone Replacement Therapy |
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| Neonatal Intensive Care Unit |
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| Pelvic Inflammatory Disease |
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| Sexually Transmitted Infections or Sexually Transmitted Diseases |
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| Paired glands located on either side of the vaginal opening that secrete mucus to lubricate the vulva. Infections of these glands can result in Bartholin's cysts or abscesses, causing pain and swelling in the vulvar region. |
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| Also known as the bulbourethral glands, they are small glands in males that produce a pre-ejaculate fluid to neutralize acidity in the urethra. These glands play a role in enhancing sperm viability during ejaculation and reducing damage to sperm caused by residual urine. |
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| A clinical sign characterized by the softening of the lower uterine segment during early pregnancy. This is used as an early indicator of pregnancy during pelvic exams. |
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