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Definition
| the body’s reaction to any environmental demand. It is and experience a person is exposed to, through a stimulus or stressor. |
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Term
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Definition
| any situation, demands, or event that threatens a person’s security. They are disruptive forces operating within or on any system. Can be neutral-neither good nor bad. How does someone perceive stress? Some are eustressful- positive and stimulating. Appraisal: how people interpret the impact of the stressor on themselves. Quality of the stressor-intensity, scope, duration, number and nature of other stressors, predictability are all determined by the person experiencing these stressors. Characteristics of individual that influence stress response: level of personal control, availability of social supports, feelings of competence, cognitive appraisal |
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Term
| →organs that maintain homeostasis: |
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Definition
| Medulla oblongata – controls HR, BP, RR; Reticular formation – sleep/wake cycles; levels of consciousness – causes alertness during stress; Pituitary gland – makes hormones that modulate vital functions |
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Term
| →The Sympathetic Nervous System [Fight-or-Flight] |
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Definition
| ↑ HR ; ↑ BP (vasoconstriction); ↑ RR (shallow breathing) ; ↓ GI tract movement, ↑ blood flow to skeletal muscles, ↑ epinephrine/norepinephrine release (adrenaline hormones);↑ production of glucose in the liver for energy! |
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Term
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Definition
| the relaxation response/ opposite of the sns] |
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Term
| General Adaptation Syndrome – |
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Definition
| describes how the body responds to stressors through the alarm reaction, resistance stage and exhaustion stage – did most of his research on animals. |
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Definition
| ALARM!!! The body actives fight or flight when stressors are threatening |
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Term
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Definition
| RESISTANCE – adaptation occurs – long term stressors deplete adaptive energy resulting in: |
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Term
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Definition
| EXHAUSTION – body’s adaptive energy is depleted resulting in disease, collapse, or death. |
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Definition
| helps the body deal with stress. Individuals are resourceful, flexible and have good problem solving skills. |
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Term
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Definition
| intensity, scope, duration, number and nature of other stressors, predictability |
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Term
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Definition
| A person’s cognitive and behavioral efforts to manage specific external and internal stressors that seem to exceed available resources |
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Term
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Definition
| Problem focused: dealing with problem and its obstacles. Ex. Learning how to manage your diabetes.; Emotion focused: regulating emotional response to event. Ex. Venting feelings, attending support group; Successful coping = the ability to change and adapt coping strategies. |
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Term
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Definition
| not done consciously – protection from anxiety and stress; |
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Term
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Definition
| making up for deficiency in one area of self-image by strongly emphasizing an asset. |
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Definition
| turn anxiety into a physical complaint ex: can’t go to school because my stomach hurts. |
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Term
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Definition
| refusing to acknowledge anything that causes intolerable emotional pain. |
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Definition
| transferring emotions to something else. |
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Term
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Definition
| patterning behavior after another person’s – qualities, characteristics, actions. |
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Term
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Definition
| experienced a sense of numbing and a reduced awareness of one’ surroundings. |
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Definition
| reverting back to an earlier life phase. |
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Term
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Definition
| belly breathing, meditation, music, masssage, positive imagery, tensing and relaxing muscles |
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Term
| *Nurses are at high risk for: |
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Definition
| maladaptive coping: substance abuse and dependence |
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Term
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Definition
| any situation, actual, potential or perceived, wherein a valued object or person is changed or is no longer accessible to the individual and that requires adaptation through the grieving process. Loss involves Grief. |
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Term
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Definition
| necessary, actual, perceived, maturational, situational |
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Definition
| normal part of living, results from change. Ex- switching schools, changes in life |
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Term
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Definition
| person can no longer feel, hear, or know a person or object. Ex-loss of limb, loss of job |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of self-esteem due to being fired from job. Ex- loss of beauty, youth, status, money |
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Definition
| developmental changes, loss of freedom of lack of responsibility as one enters adolesnece. Ex- child going to school, retirement |
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Term
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Definition
| sudden, unpredictable external event. External loss due to circumstances usually beyond ability to control. Ex- loss of loved one, giving up child for adoption |
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Term
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Definition
| the emotional and behavioral response to a loss. A normal, natural and adaptive response to loss. |
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Term
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Definition
| uncomplicated, complicated, disenfranchised, anticipatory |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| people don’t go through the entire grieving process. Numbness, bitterness, not willing to move forward, can develop psychiatric problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| marginal/unsupported. Ex: mistress loses her lover – lost someone to murder/suicide. |
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Term
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Definition
| beginning to “let go” before the actual death – especially with someone who has long term illness. |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| to accept the reality of the loss |
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Definition
| experiencing the pain of the loss |
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Definition
| adjustment to life that no longer includes the loss |
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Definition
| reinvesting emotional energy into new relationships |
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Term
| Theories of loss, grief, and Mourning: |
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Definition
| Kubler-Ross, Bowlby, Worden |
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Term
| Five stages of Dying (Kubler-Ross) |
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Definition
| Denial, Anger, Bargaining, Depression, Acceptance |
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| Attachment Theory (Bowlby) |
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Definition
| Numbing, Yearning and searching, Disorganization and dispair, reorganization |
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Term
| Tasks of Mourning (Worden) |
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Definition
| Accepting the reality of the loss, working thru the pain of grief, adjusting the enviornment withour deceased, emotionally relocating the deceased and moving on with life |
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Term
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Definition
| The nurse will grieve and this should be permitted. Attending funerals, Develop a support system; know when to ask co-workers for help, Take time to cry with and for patients, Incorporate stress management techniques into life: exercise, listen to music, laugh, pray. |
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