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legal studies(alberta)
criminal and civil law studies for alberta
40
Criminal Justice
10th Grade
09/09/2014

Additional Criminal Justice Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What is the YCJA?
Definition

The Youth Criminal Justice Act deals with criminal actions committed by youths aged 12 to 17, inclusive.

Term
When was the YCJA passed?
Definition
in the year 2002, replacing the Young Offender’s Act.
Term
What are some main points of the YCJA?
Definition

-youths charged with crimes must be informed of their Charter rights

-the parents of a youth charged with a crime be notified as soon as possible.

                                                                                                                                                                                                             --Youths thought to be at risk of reoffending, may be placed in foster homes while awaiting trial.

-Young offenders aged 14 to 17 who are charged with violent crimes may have their cases tried in adult court.

-Extra judicial-sanctions programs allow young offenders accused of non-violent crimes to do something to make up for them rather than go through a trial.

-it’s forbidden to publish the identities of youths charged with crimes.

 

Term
Age of majority
Definition

the age at which a person can undertake legal obligations (in Alberta, 18).

 

Term
assault
Definition
the deliberate application of force to someone ; as a tort, the threat of applying force to another.
Term
bail
Definition

money held to guarantee that an accused will appear at a later hearing.

Term
break and enter
Definition
to enter, without permission, by breaking or opening anything closed.
Term
bylaws
Definition
written laws passed by municipal governments.
Term
capacity
Definition
the legal ability to enter into a valid contract.
Term
civil law
Definition

the branch of law that governs the relations between individuals.

                                                      

Term
civil rights
Definition

 rights guaranteed to citizens of a country

 

Term
common law
Definition
the body of law that gradually developed in courts based on judges’ decisions.
Term
constitution
Definition

a document stating the fundamental rules according to which a country is governed and other laws are made.

Term
contract law
Definition
civil law dealing with situations in which two or more parties make a contract with each other
Term
court of appeal
Definition

the highest-level court in Alberta - appeal court only 

Term
discrimination
Definition

the practice of treating some people differently from others because of prejudice toward a group to which they belong.

Term
extra judicial sanctions program
Definition

programs whereby non-violent, first-time young offenders can admit to having committed a crime and then do something to compensate for it, rather than go to court.

Term
federal court of canada
Definition

a specialized court dealing with cases concerning the federal government

Term
fraud
Definition
the intentional deception of someone so that the person sustains a loss.
Term
house arrest
Definition

a court order requiring a person to stay at home during a set period of time.

 

Term
human rights
Definition

rights that protect people from discrimination from others in certain areas of life.

 

Term
indictable offence
Definition

a serious criminal offence involving more complex trial procedures.

Term
legislation
Definition
The process through which statutes are enacted by a legislative body that is established and empowered to do so.
Term
mens rea
Definition
latin term meaning "guilty mind". This is the intent to commit a crime.
Term
mischief
Definition

damage to another person’s property or interference with another person’s use of his or her property.

Term
negligence
Definition
: if you injure someone because of your careless behaviour - there is no intent to harm.
Term
open custody
Definition
a criminal sentence that involves comparatively light supervision and some access to the community.
Term
plaintiff
Definition

the party bringing a legal action against another party in civil court.

Term
precedent
Definition
a previous court decision that lower courts must follow when making decisions in similar cases.
Term
court of queens bench
Definition
the second level of courts in Alberta. 
Term
criminal law
Definition
the branch of law that sets out certain acts as crimes and punishes those acts
Term
damages
Definition
money awarded by a court, to a plaintiff, in a civil suit to compensate for a wrong suffered.
Term
defendant
Definition
the party against whom a legal action is brought in civil court or the party charged in a criminal case.
Term
probation
Definition

a criminal sentence that gives an offender some degree of freedom (rather than a prison term) but that requires the person convicted to be supervised and to meet certain conditions for a stipulated period of time.

Term
provincal court
Definition

this court is at the bottom level of Alberta’s court system - called "a court of first instance", because it is here that cases are first heard.

Term
right
Definition
a power or privelage granted by law
Term
robbery
Definition

theft accompanied by force or threats.

Term
statute
Definition
a specific law or act passed by a governing body like Alberta’s Legislative Assembly or the Parliament of Canada.
Term
supreme court of canada
Definition
the highest court in Canada.
Term
tort law
Definition
law that deals with a civil wrong, other than a breach of contract.
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