Term
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Definition
| Resumen, sumario, extracto |
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Term
| Accessory (assistant in a crime) -n. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| accomplice (assistant in a crime)-n. |
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Definition
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Term
| accusation (written charge)- n |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| acquit (to decide as innocent, let free)- v. |
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Definition
| absolver, exogenar, exculpar |
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Term
| acquittal (clearing of a person from a charge; finding the defendant not guilty)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| addict (someone who is addicted to drugs)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| adjudicate (to judge)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| adjudication (deciding of a case through judicial or administrative hearing)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| admissible (acceptable)- adj. |
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Definition
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Term
| admission (disclosure of adverse facts)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| adoption (legal process establishing a parental relationship between adoptive parent and child born of other parents)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| advisement of rights (making a person aware of their rights)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| affidavit (official sworn statement)- n. |
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Definition
| declaración jurada, testimonio |
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Term
| affidavit of prejudice (sworn statement alleging a potential judge is biased)- n. |
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Definition
| declaración jurada de prejuicio |
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Term
| agreement (mutual promises)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| aid and abet (to assist in a crime)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| alibi (defendant’s story of innocence when a crime is committed, allegedly by another)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| alien (foreign-born immigrant who is not naturalized)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| alimony (support payment to divorced spouse)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| allegation (statement of fact the party intends to prove)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| alleged (asserted as a true fact, but not yet proven)- adj. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| amendment (modification of a document)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| amphetamine (a stimulant and appetite-suppressing narcotic)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| angel dust (PCP, an hallucinogenic drug)- n.angel dust (PCP, an hallucinogenic drug)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| answer (defendant’s formal document setting out defense in a civil case)- n. |
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Definition
| contestación a la demanda |
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Term
| anthrax (an infectious disease of livestock which can be transmitted to humans)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| appeal (a review of a case by a higher court)- n. ; (to file a case in a higher court)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| appearance (party’s presence in court)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| arbitration (judging of a dispute)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| argument (debate in front of the court)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| argumentative (fond of arguing)- adj. |
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Definition
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Term
| arraign (to formally advise defendant of the charges at an initial court appearance)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| arrest (law enforcement’s taking of a suspect into formal custody)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| arson (beginning a criminal fire)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| assault (attack on another person)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| assault, aggravated (higher degree of assault)-n. |
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Definition
| asalto más grave, ataque agravado |
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Term
| assault with a deadly weapon (attacking a person with a weapon that could potentially take a life)- n. |
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Definition
| asalto con arma mortífera |
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Term
| assignee (counsel assigned to defendant)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| at issue (in question; the issue being addressed)- adj. |
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Definition
| en cuestión, de lo que se está hablando |
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Term
| attest (to affirm under oath)- v. |
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Definition
| deposición, atestación,certificar, dar fe, hacer constar |
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Term
| attorney (legal representative)- n. |
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Definition
| abogado, consejero, procurador |
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Term
| attorney of record (the person who has been recorded in the case file as the counsel for that case)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| authenticate (verify as authentic)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| auto tampering (to interfere or meddle with another’s automobile)- n. |
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Definition
| hacer modificaciones fraudulentas a un auto, meterse con un auto, desmantlamiento de vehículo |
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Term
| bail (money or property given as security for the release of a defendant awaiting trial)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| bail bondsman (person responsible hired to enforce the conditions of bail)- n. |
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Definition
| fiancista, persona responsible de hacer cumplir las condiciones de la fianza |
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Term
| bail forfeiture (losing the money spent on bail because defendant violates the conditions of the bail)- n. |
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Definition
| pérdida del dinero usado para fianza por haberse violado las condiciones de la fianza |
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Term
| bail review (official reconsideration of bail)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| bailiff (officer of the court)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| bankruptcy (legal declaration of one’s inability to pay debts)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| battery (physical attack on another person)- n. |
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Definition
| agresión, lesiones, golpes |
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Term
| battery, spousal (physical attack on one’s spouse)- n. |
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Definition
| agresión contra la pareja |
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Term
| bench (judge or court)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| parcialidad, predisposición, prejuicio |
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Term
| body attachment (official attachment of document to case file)- n. |
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Definition
anexo oficial de un documento al archivo
orden de arresto de un testigo |
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Term
| bond (certificate of debt redeemable by court if defendant fails to appear in court)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| booking number (identification number for case of person under arrest)- n. |
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Definition
| número del caso o del arrestado |
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Term
| bookmaking (the business of taking bets)- n. |
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Definition
| el negocio de tomar apuestas, concertar apuestas |
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Term
| brandishing a weapon (carrying a weapon in a threatening manner)- n. |
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Definition
| llevar un arma en forma amenazadora |
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Term
| breaking and entering (illegally entering a building)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| breathalyzer (breath test for alcohol)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| bribe (an illegal offer of money, property or services for another service)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| brief (written summary of case)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| burden of proof (legal requirement of prosecution to prove the guilt of defendant)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| burglary (theft, stealing)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| calendar, court (official scheduling calendar for a particular court, usually scheduled by the court clerk)- n. |
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Definition
| lista de pleitos, calendario judicial |
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Term
| capital punishment (death penalty)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| case (criminal or civil lawsuit)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| case of action (criminal or civil lawsuit)- n. |
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Definition
| denuncia criminal o civil |
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Term
| causation (a causing, something producing an effect)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| Certified (verified as authentic or accurate)- adj. ; (in possession of an official certificate which identifies that its holder is qualified or professional)- adj. |
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Definition
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Term
| chain of custody (order of parental relationships to child)- n. |
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Definition
| Cadena de custodia,custodia contunua, resumen del orden de relaciones entre padres y hijos |
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Term
| challenge (to object to the qualifications of a potential jury)- v. |
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Definition
| poner objeción, recusación, disputar |
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Term
| challenge for a cause (party’s challenge to disqualify a potential juror)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| chambers (judge’s office)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| charge (accusation; indictment)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| child molestation (sexually attacking or abusing a child)- n. |
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Definition
| molestia sexual de niño, abuso infantil,atentado al pudor de un menor |
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Term
| child support (monetary responsibility to support child)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| circumstances, aggravating (fact or situation which increases the degree of liability or responsibility for a criminal act)- n. |
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Definition
| circunstancias agravantes |
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Term
| circumstances, mitigating (fact or situation which does not justify or excuse an offense, but does reduce the degree of liability or responsibility and may also reduce the damages [civil] or punishment [criminal]) |
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Definition
| circunstancias mitigantes |
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Term
| citation (official notice to appear in court, especially in traffic court)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| citation(notation of legal authority)- n. |
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Definition
| notación de autoridad legal |
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Term
| city attorney (counsel representing the city in municipal court)- n. |
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Definition
| abogado representando la ciudad |
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Term
| civil action (legal action relating to money or property)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| claim (legal demand, complaint)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| clerk (court official, judge’s administrative assistant)- n. |
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Definition
| secretario del tribunal, oficial del juzgado |
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Term
| collateral (property pledged to secure a debt, e.g. bail)- n. |
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Definition
| resguardo, seguridad colateral |
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Term
| commissioner (public official with authority over court room in initial appearances before going to trial)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| commit (to institutionalize, e.g. to a mental hospital)- v. |
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Definition
| internar (ej en un hospital mental) |
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Term
| commit (to perpetuate, e.g. a crime)- v. |
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Definition
| cometer (un delito menor/ mayor) |
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Term
| commitment (incarceration)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| community property (public property)- n. |
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Definition
| propiedad de la communidad |
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Term
| competency (legal capacity to stand trial)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| complaint (written statement initiating a criminal or civil action)- n |
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Definition
| demanda, escrito de agravios |
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Term
| comply (to act as directed or ordered)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| composite drawing (drawing of a suspect made by a police artist, based on the description from a witness)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| confession (admission of guilt)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| confiscate (governmental seizure of property)- v. |
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Definition
| confiscar,comisar, incautar |
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Term
| conflict of interest (reason a party to the case might be too personally involved to provide objective services)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| consideration (benefit to promisor or detriment to promise)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| conspiracy (an unlawful plot, a plan to do something illegal)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| constitutional right (a freedom guaranteed by the Constitution)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| contempt of court (acting against the rules of the court)- n |
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Definition
| desacato al tribunal, rebeldía |
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Term
| continuance (rescheduling a legal proceeding for a later date)- n |
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Definition
| aplazamiento, continuación |
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Term
| controlled substance (government-regulated substance)- n. |
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Definition
| sustancia controlada/prohibida |
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Term
| convict (an individual who has been found guilty and incarcerated)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| to convict (to find a defendant guilty of a crime)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| conviction (finding of guilt in a criminal case)- n. |
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Definition
| convicción, fallo de culpabilidad |
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Term
| coroner (public officer who determines the cause of death)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| corroborate (to verify)- v |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| counsel table (table where the legal counsel sits)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| count (a numbered charge)- n |
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Definition
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|
Term
| counterclaim (lawsuit by respondent in response to initial lawsuit in a civil case)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| counterfeit (to falsify)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| county jail (temporary place of incarceration until suspect released, put into prison, etc.)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| court (place where trials and legal proceedings occur)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| court house (building where trials and legal proceedings occur)- n |
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Definition
| Edificio de los tribunales, Juzgado |
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Term
| court interpreter (bilingual trained person who translates proceedings between languages for all parties in the case)- n. |
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Definition
| Interprete judicial, interprete de los tribunales |
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Term
| court order (order issued by the court [judge, etc.] for, or prohibiting, an action)- n. |
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Definition
| Orden judicial, orden de los tribunales |
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Term
| court reporter (court official who types all words of proceeding into a permanent record)- n |
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Definition
| relator del tribunal, taquigrafo judicial, reportero judicial |
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Term
| Court, District (court representing a certain area of a state or country)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Court, Juvenile (court for children)- n |
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Definition
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|
Term
| Court, Municipal (city court)- n. |
|
Definition
| corte municipal, tribunal municipal |
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Term
| Court, Night (court taking place at night)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| Court, Traffic (court dealing with traffic violations)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| court-appointed counsel (attorney assigned to case by the court, esp. for indigent defendant)- n. |
|
Definition
| asesor legal designado por los tribunales |
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|
Term
asesor legal designado por los tribunales
court room (room where trials and legal proceedings occur)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
asesor legal designado por los tribunales
court room (room where trials and legal proceedings occur)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| crack (crack cocaine, a form of cocaine)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| credibility (reliability, reputation for truthfulness)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| to be called in to question |
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Definition
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|
Term
| crime (unlawful offense)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| crystal meth (a narcotic)- n. metamfetamina, |
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Definition
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|
Term
| custody (case and control of children)- n. |
|
Definition
| custodia, patria potestad |
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Term
| Custody(incarceration)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| damages (repayment for loss or injury)- n. |
|
Definition
| daños, indemnizacion, resacimiento para daños y perjuicios |
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Term
| death penalty (sentence of death for a criminal)- n. |
|
Definition
| pena de muerte, sentencia de muerte |
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Term
| death row (incarceration for inmates awaiting the death penalty)- n. |
|
Definition
| corredor de la muerte, pabellon de la muerte |
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Term
| decree (order, judgment)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| default judgment (judgment entered against a defendant who does not plead or defend, often by not appearing in court)- n. |
|
Definition
| fallo por falta de comparecencia |
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|
Term
| defendant (the accused in a legal proceeding, trial)- n. |
|
Definition
| el acusado, el inculpado, en demandado |
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|
Term
defense
(the defendant/accused and defense attorney)- n
(evidence offered by an accused to defeat criminal charge)- |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| defense attorney (legal counsel for the accused)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| deliberation (careful consideration)- n. |
|
Definition
| deliberacion,consultación |
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Term
| deportation (expelling of a non-citizen from the country)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| deposition (oral statement given under oath)- n. |
|
Definition
| deposición, declaración jurada |
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Term
| Deputy District Attorney (Deputy D.A.) (assistant to the D.A.)- n |
|
Definition
| Assistente al acusador público |
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Term
| detention (being retained in custody)- n. |
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Definition
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|
Term
| discovery (pre-trial process to obtain facts from other side)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| dismissal with prejudice (a dismissal after a legal decision, based on the merits of the case, barring the plaintiff from prosecuting any later lawsuit on the same claim)- n |
|
Definition
| denegar sin derecho a un nuevo juicio |
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Term
| dismissal without prejudice (a dismissal that does not bar the plaintiff from trying to again prosecute the same claim within a certain time period)- n. |
|
Definition
| denegación con derecho a un nuevo juicio |
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Term
| disorderly conduct (acting in a way which violates public peace or safety)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| disposition (final outcome of a criminal case)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| dissolution (termination of a marriage, partnership, etc.)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| District Attorney (D.A.) (state’s legal representative in legal proceedings or a trial)- n. |
|
Definition
| acusador público, fiscal, abogado de la fiscalia |
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Term
| disturbing the peace (acting in a way which violates public peace)- n. |
|
Definition
| perturbación al orden público |
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Term
| diversion (order for criminal defendant to participate in alternative program, instead of prison)- n |
|
Definition
| desviación,programa alternativo, sustitución de penas |
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|
Term
| docket (list of cases before the court)- n. |
|
Definition
| orden del dia, actas, la lista de litigios |
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|
Term
| domestic violence (violence within a family)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| double jeopardy (trying a person twice for the same crime)- n. |
|
Definition
| procesamiento por segunda vez, doble enjuiciamiento |
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|
Term
| downer (depressant narcotic)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| driving while intoxicated (DWI)- n. |
|
Definition
| conducir bajo la influencia de alcohol |
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|
Term
| drug (substance used in or as a medicine or to alter the functioning of one’s body)- n |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| drug abuse (excessive or illegal use of a drug)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| drunk driving (driving while intoxicated)-n. |
|
Definition
| conducir bajo estado de ebriedad |
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|
Term
| due process (legal right of a defendant to a speedy and fair trial)- n. |
|
Definition
| debido proceso, debido procesamiento |
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|
Term
| ecstasy (e or x; a narcotic)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| embezzlement (stealing money, property, etc.)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| enhancement (factor that increases criminal penalty)- n. |
|
Definition
| hechos que incrementan la condena |
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|
Term
| enter a plea (to plea)- v. |
|
Definition
| registrar una declaración |
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|
Term
| entrapment (to capture by leading into a trap)- n |
|
Definition
| atrapar, delito inducido, inducción por la policia |
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|
Term
| equal protection (constitutional guarantee that every person will be treated equally by the government)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| eviction (expel from one’s residence by the owner)- n. |
|
Definition
| desalojo, evicción, desahucio |
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|
Term
| evidence (a statement, object, etc. supporting a point in the case)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
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|
Term
| evidence, circumstantial (indirect evidence in a case)- n. |
|
Definition
| pruebas indicarias/indirectas |
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|
Term
| evidence, circumstantial (indirect evidence in a case)- n. |
|
Definition
| pruebas indicarias/indirectas |
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|
Term
| evidence, direct (evidence directly related to a case)- n. |
|
Definition
| pruebas directas/evidencia directa |
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|
Term
| evidence, prima facie (evidence which is adequate to establish a fact, unless refuted)- n. |
|
Definition
| pruebas/evidencia de primera vista |
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|
Term
| examination, cross (questioning of a witness by the antagonist party)- n. |
|
Definition
| contrainterrogatorio, repregunta |
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|
Term
| examination, direct (questioning of a witness by the supporting party)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| examination, re-cross (second questioning)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| examination, re-direct (second questioning)- n. |
|
Definition
| segundo interrogatorio directo |
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|
Term
| executed (signed and delivered)- adj. |
|
Definition
| formalizado, c llevado a cabo |
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|
Term
| exhibit (object submitted as evidence)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| exhibit, defense’s (object submitted by the defense as evidence)- n. |
|
Definition
| documento de prueba de la defensa |
|
|
Term
| exhibit, people’s (object submitted by the prosecution as evidence)- |
|
Definition
| documento de prueba del acusador |
|
|
Term
| extortion (getting money, etc. by threat)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| extradition (transferring a suspect to another state, country, etc. for trial)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| eyewitness (person who saw the crime occur)- n. |
|
Definition
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|
Term
| failure to appear (FTA) (when person who is required to appear in court does not do so)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| failure to comply (when person is ordered to do something by the court, and does not)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fair hearing (a just hearing in which proper protocol is followed)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| false imprisonment (finding an innocent person guilty and sentencing them to a prison sentence)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| field sobriety test (test of blood-alcohol level at the place of first contact between the law enforcement officer and the suspect)- n. |
|
Definition
| Prueba de sobriedad en el sitio/campo |
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|
Term
| file (record of case)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| to file (to enter into the case file)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| financial responsibility (financial obligations)- n |
|
Definition
| responsibilidad financiera, obligacion financiera |
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|
Term
| find guilty (to judge as guilty)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| find not guilty (to judge as innocent)- v |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fine (court-imposed monetary penalty)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| fingerprint (mark left by one’s finger, used to identify individuals)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| firearm (weapon that fires a projectile, i.e- gun, rifle, shotgun)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foreclosure (taking away of the right to redeem a mortgage, etc.)- n. |
|
Definition
| juicio hipotecario,ejecucion de hipoteca |
|
|
Term
| forfeit (a fine or penalty for some crime)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| forgery (falsification; a fake)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| foster care (temporary care of a child, but not by birth)- n |
|
Definition
| tutela de crianza temporal |
|
|
Term
| fraud (intentional deception, lie)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gambling (game of chance)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| garnish (to issue process for purpose of taking away wages or money to pay a fine)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| glue sniffing (inhaling glue as a narcotic)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| good cause (supported reason for doing something)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| grand jury (jury that listens to arguments and decides innocence or guilt of defendant)- n. |
|
Definition
| gran jurado, jurado de acusacion |
|
|
Term
| grand theft (major theft)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| guardianship (legal protective representation of one by another, usually of a minor by an adult)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| guilty (legally judged not innocent of committing a crime)- adj. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gun (weapon which fires a projectile; a firearm)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| habeas corpus (writ declaring that a prisoner must be brought before a court to decide his or her innocence or guilt)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| handcuffs (pair of connected rings used to shackle a prisoner)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| harassment (constant attacks or torment)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hearing (formal proceeding held before judge)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hearing, contested (legal proceeding in which outcome is put into question by possible administrative misconduct)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hearing, preliminary (first hearing)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hearsay (rumor, gossip, unsubstantiated story of event)- n. |
|
Definition
| testimonio de oidas, testimonio de referencia, testimonio indirecto |
|
|
Term
| heroin (narcotic, usually injected into the body)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hit and run (automobile hits a person and leaves the scene of the accident)- n./v. |
|
Definition
| chocar y huir, chocar y escapar |
|
|
Term
| holding cell (room for detention of suspect while being tried)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| illegal (not legal; unlawful)- adj. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| immigration (moving from one country to another)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| immunity (exemption from a charge or penalty)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| impeachment of witness (discrediting a witness)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inadmissible (not acceptable)- adj |
|
Definition
| inadmisible, inacceptable |
|
|
Term
| incest (sexual relationship within family)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| incriminate (to involve in, or make appear guilty of, a crime or fault)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| indecent exposure (taking off one’s clothes in a public place)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| indictment (formal charging with a crime)- n. |
|
Definition
| escrito de acusacion, acusacion por un gran jurado |
|
|
Term
| indigent (poor, without money)- adj |
|
Definition
| indigente; persona que, por sus escasos recursos económicos, tiene derecho al beneficio de justicia gratuita |
|
|
Term
| informant (someone who gives information about a crime; often referring to another criminal who acts as a sort of undercover spy for law enforcement)- n. |
|
Definition
| informador, denunciante, soplón(slang) |
|
|
Term
| information(formal charge)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| infraction (violation of a law, pact, agreement, etc.) -n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| injunction (court order prohibiting or ordering an action)-n. |
|
Definition
| mandamiento, juicio de amparo, decreto judicial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| prisionero, preso, recluso |
|
|
Term
| innocent until proven guilty-adj. |
|
Definition
| innocente hasta ser encontrado culpable |
|
|
Term
| instrument(legal document)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intent(state of mind when performing and act)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| investigation (search by law enforcement to determine truth of events)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jail (place where prisoner is confined)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| estar de acuerdo, coincider con |
|
|
Term
| joyriding (driving around in a stolen automobile for the enjoyment of doing so)- n. |
|
Definition
| robar un vehículo para pasear |
|
|
Term
| judge (public official with the authority to hear and decide cases in a court of law)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| judgement(final decision)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jursidiction(range of authority in administering justice)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| juror (member of a jury)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jury(group of members from the public who are assigned the task of deciding the trial's outcome)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jury box(place in the courtroom where the jury sits)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jury foreman/jury foreperson (the chairperson of a jury)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| jury trial (a trial in which the final decision will be made by a jury of one’s peers)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| hung jury (a jury which is unable to make a final decision in a case)-n. |
|
Definition
| jurado en desacuerdo, jurado sin veredicto |
|
|
Term
| juvenile hall(place of incarceration for underage offenders)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| kidnap (to seize and hold a person by force or fraud)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| retención illicita de inmueble, juicio de desahucio |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lawsuit (legal action between two parties in a civil court, having to do with money or property)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| leading question (a question which leads to a point being proven)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lease (contract by which a landlord rents land, property, etc. to a tenant for a specified time)- n. |
|
Definition
| usufructo, contrato de arrendamiento |
|
|
Term
| lewd conduct (indecent or obscene actions)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| liability (something that works to one’s disadvantage)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| libel (any written or printed matter to injure a person’s reputation)- n |
|
Definition
| difamación escrita, (where a crime is implied) calumniar |
|
|
Term
| lie detector (machine which measures heart rate to determine if a person is lying)- n. |
|
Definition
| detector de mentiras, polígrafo |
|
|
Term
| life imprisonment (punishment of spending one’s life in prison)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| line-up (a line of a few people for a witness to look at and identify a suspect in a crime)- n. |
|
Definition
| linea de sospechosos, linea de reos |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| loitering (lingering, spending time idly in one area)- n |
|
Definition
| merodear, hogazanear, vagar |
|
|
Term
| lynching (murder by mob action, without lawful trial)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| malice(purposely committing a crime with the intention of harming another person)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| malicious mischief (harm or damage caused with intention of hurting another person)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| malpractice (professional misconduct or improper conduct, esp. by a physician)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| manslaughter (killing of a human being by another, esp. without malice)- n. |
|
Definition
| homicidio sin premeditación |
|
|
Term
| manslaughter, involuntary (accidental killing of a person)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| manslaughter, voluntary (knowingly killing a person, but without malice)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| marihuana, cafe, cucaracha, cámara, niesca, paja, manteca, lucas, macoña, mafafa, mostaza, mota, rama tosca ,verde, yerba, carlitos , grifa, morisqueta, lechuga, leño, indio, |
|
|
Term
| mayhem (the offense of maiming a person; any violent destruction)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Miranda Warning (the rights read to the accused at the time of arrest)- n. |
|
Definition
| derechos constitucionales |
|
|
Term
| misdemeanor (any minor offense with a lesser punishment than a felony)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mistrial (a trial made void because of a mistake made or inconclusive outcome)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| modification (alteration; change)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| motion (a petition for a ruling, formal request)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| motion denied (content of petition not allowed by judge)- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| motion granted motion denied (content of petition not allowed by judge)- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mug shot (identifying photo of a suspect used by law enforcement)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| murder (unlawful and malicious killing of another person, with intent to do so)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| narcotico, estupefacientes |
|
|
Term
| negligence (carelessness)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| not guilty (innocent)- adj |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| null and void (invalid, without legal force)- adj. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oath (sworn statement)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| object (to express disapproval or opposition)- v. |
|
Definition
| objetar, oponerse, protestar |
|
|
Term
| objection (the expressing of disapproval or opposition)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| objection overruled (objection rejected)- |
|
Definition
| denegada,no hay lugar, sin lugar, objeción negada |
|
|
Term
| objection sustained (objection agreed to)- |
|
Definition
| objeción acogida, con lugar, ha lugar |
|
|
Term
| offender (person who committed a crime)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| offense (violation of law)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| offer of proof (presentation of evidence for the record, but without a jury present, after the judge has sustained an objection to that evidence, so that the evidence can be preserved on the record for an appeal of the case)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| oral copulation, forced (forced, oral, sexual contact)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ordinance(statute or regulation)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| overt act (an action taken openly and with evident intent)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| paralegal(assitant to a law firm who helps organize cases and write briefs, but cannot practice law)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| parole (release of a prisoner before his or her sentence is complete, on the promise of future good behavior)- n. |
|
Definition
| libertad a prueba/libertad preparatoria(criminal law), libertad condicional (immigration law) |
|
|
Term
| party (plaintiff [People, State, etc.], prosecution or defense)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| paternity (fatherhood)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| penalty assessment (indication of the liability of the losing party in a civil case)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| pending (not yet decided)- adj. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| penitentiary (prison)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| fiscalia, parte acusadora, el estado |
|
|
Term
| perjury (lying while under oath to tell the truth)- n |
|
Definition
| perjurio, testamento falso |
|
|
Term
| perjury (lying while under oath to tell the truth)- n |
|
Definition
| perjurio, testamento falso |
|
|
Term
| permanent resident (person living long term in a country)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| personal estate (the whole of one’s property, possessions)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| personal recognizance or O.R. (one’s own care and responsibility)- n. |
|
Definition
| estar en libertad bajo palabra de honor, estar en libertad prvisional bajo protesta |
|
|
Term
| petition( to formally ask, request)-v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| petition (formal request for an order)-n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| petty theft (small scale theft)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| plaintiff (the complainant in a civil case)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| plea (defendant’s “guilty,” “not guilty” or other answer to a criminal charge)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| plea bargain (agreement between the prosecution and defense to lower the punishment in exchange for something else, usually for a guilty plea)- n |
|
Definition
| negociación de una declaración de culpable |
|
|
Term
| pleadings(documents filed in a case)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| points and authorities (legal precedence)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| power of attorney (legal authority to act as one’s representative and speak for him or her)- n. |
|
Definition
| poder, carta de personería |
|
|
Term
| peremptory challenge (one of a party’s limited number of challenges that does not need a reason)- n. |
|
Definition
| recusacion perentoria, recusacion sin causa fundada |
|
|
Term
| pre-sentence report (report written to argue for what kind of punishment is appropriate for a guilty party)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prejudice (bias or preconceived opinion)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| preponderance of the evidence (enough proof to convince the trier of fact that something is slightly more likely than not to have occurred )- n. |
|
Definition
| perponderancia de la prueba |
|
|
Term
| presumption of innocence (defendant is believed to be innocent, unless proven guilty)- n. |
|
Definition
| presunción, de inculplabilidad |
|
|
Term
| pretrial conference (meeting before the trial to try and resolve the case, agree on evidence, etc.)- n. |
|
Definition
| consulta previa al juicio (con el juez y las partes antes de inicial el plieto) |
|
|
Term
| pretrial conference (meeting before the trial to try and resolve the case, agree on evidence, etc.)- n. |
|
Definition
| ofensa cometida antes de empezar el juicio |
|
|
Term
| Priors(previous offenses committed by the defendant)- n. |
|
Definition
| precedentes, condenas anteriores |
|
|
Term
| probable cause (a reasonable explanation for why something occurred)- n. |
|
Definition
| causa razonable, motivo fundado |
|
|
Term
| probate (having to do with the verification of official documents, i.e.- wills)- n |
|
Definition
| calidificacion de un documento |
|
|
Term
| to probate (a will, etc)-v. |
|
Definition
| convalidar, homologar un testatmento, probar la validez de un testamento |
|
|
Term
| probation (suspension of defendant’s sentence under supervision of probation officer)- n. |
|
Definition
| libertad condicional, libertad a prueba |
|
|
Term
| probation department (office which handles cases of probation)- n. |
|
Definition
| departamento de libertad condicional |
|
|
Term
| probation officer (official who supervises convicts who are released on probation)- n. |
|
Definition
| agente de libertad condicional |
|
|
Term
| probation, formal (conditional suspension of a convicts prison sentence)- n. |
|
Definition
| libertad condicional formal |
|
|
Term
| probation, summary (suspension of a guilty party’s prison sentence so that, if he or she obeys the conditions, he or she will spend no time in prison)- n. |
|
Definition
| libertado condicional sumario |
|
|
Term
| proof (evidence convincing to the judge or jury)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| prosecution (the process in which state’s representative in a court room seeks to convict the defendant)- n. |
|
Definition
| procesamiento, enjuiciamiento |
|
|
Term
| prosecutor (the attorney representing the state)- n |
|
Definition
| el estado, el fiscal, el acusador publico |
|
|
Term
| prostitution (selling one’s body for sex)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Public Defender (P.D.) (state-funded counsel assigned to an indigent defendant)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| quash (to set aside, i.e.- an indictment)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| raise an issue (to bring an issue up for discussion)-v. |
|
Definition
| levantar una controversia |
|
|
Term
| rap sheet (file/list of previous offenses)- n |
|
Definition
| lista de ofensas anteriores |
|
|
Term
| rape, statutory (sexual intercourse with a minor)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rape in concert (unlawful sexual intercourse against the victims will and by force, while another crime is being committed)- n. |
|
Definition
| violacion en sintonia con otra ofensa |
|
|
Term
| reasonable doubt, beyond a (absolutely certain)- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rebuttal (contradicting or opposing in a formal manner by argument or proof)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| reckless driving (driving wildly, without control)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| regulation (rule; law)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| release of information (making information available to the public)- |
|
Definition
| relevacion de información |
|
|
Term
| relinquishment (giving up, e.g. giving up a right)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| remand (to send a person back into custody)- v. ; (to send a case back to a lower court or administrative hearing office)- v |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| remedy (legal compensation for a wrong)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| report a formal account of facts or information)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| respondent (defendant in a civil case)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| restitution (reimbursement; giving back of something for something else that has been lost or taken)- n. restitución |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| restraining order (legal document requiring someone to stay away from another person or place)- n. |
|
Definition
| inhibitoria, orden de restriccion |
|
|
Term
| revoke (to rescind, withdraw, cancel, turn down)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| right, constitutional (right which is guaranteed to all citizens by the Constitution)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| rule (to decide, to judge)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| search and seizure (investigating a place and removing something from the premises for evidence)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| self defense (protecting oneself from harm)- n. |
|
Definition
| defensa propia, autodefensa |
|
|
Term
| self-incrimination (saying something which helps prove one’s own guilt)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sentence, concurrent (two or more punishments of prison time to be served at the same time)- n. |
|
Definition
| sentencia concurrente, condenas simultáneas |
|
|
Term
| sentence, suspended (punishment which is held back, not put into effect)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sentencing (assigning a punishment to a convict)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| separation (separation of a married couple, but not yet divorce)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serve a sentence (to complete one’s punishment)- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| serve a summons to somebody (give an official order to respondent to appear in court) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| settlement (negotiated solution to a lawsuit)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sexual molestation (making improper and unwanted sexual advances or attacks)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sheriff (chief law enforcement officer of a county)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| shoplifting (stealing articles, not money, from a shop during shop hours)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| slander (giving a false statement that damages another’s reputation)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sodomy (any sexual intercourse considered abnormal; usually in reference to anal sexual intercourse)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| statement, opening (initial argument summarizing the case, made by the attorney)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| statement, closing (final argument summarizing the case, made by the attorney)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| statement, closing (final argument summarizing the case, made by the attorney)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| statute of limitations (a law limiting the time within which legal action may be taken)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| statutory rape (sexual intercourse, even if consensual, with a minor)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| stay (a delay or cessation)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| stipulate (to specify as an essential condition of an agreement)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| submit (to present, e.g. to present evidence to the court)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| subpoena (written legal order directing a person to appear in court to testify, etc.)- n. |
|
Definition
| orden de aparicion, comparenda, citacion |
|
|
Term
| sue (to prosecute in civil court in seeking to redress wrongs)- v |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| suit (action to secure justice in a court of law)- |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sustain (to maintain, agree to, e.g. to agree to and enforce an objection made by an attorney)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| swear (to declare under oath)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| swear (to declare under oath)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| testify (to give evidence under oath in a court of law)- v. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| testimony (the evidence given under oath in a court of law)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| theft (stealing, robbery)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| theft, grand (major robbery)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| theft, petty (minor robbery)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| time served (the amount of time already spent in incarceration)- n. |
|
Definition
| tiempo servido (credits for=abonos) |
|
|
Term
| tort (wrongful act or damage [not involving a breach of contract] for which a civil action can be brought)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| traffic citation (ticket issued by law enforcement officer for a driving violation)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| transcript (written record)- n |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| trespassing (unlawful entry onto someone’s property)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| trespassing (unlawful entry onto someone’s property)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| trial, court/bench (trial in which outcome is decided by a judge)- n. |
|
Definition
| tribunal de primera instancia |
|
|
Term
| trial, jury (trial in which outcome is decided by a jury)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| trial, speedy (trial which begins shortly after arrest and does not last an unacceptably long time)- n. |
|
Definition
| juicio rapido, juicio sin demora |
|
|
Term
| unconstitutional (illegal, goes against the rights guaranteed by the Constitution)- adj. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| undercover (acting in secret, e.g. an undercover police officer)- adj. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| unemployment (being without a job)- n. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| unlawful detainer (illegally holding a person in custody)- n. |
|
Definition
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Term
| upper (stimulant narcotic)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| vacate (to cancel; to leave a building)- v. |
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Definition
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Term
| vagrancy (begging; wandering from place to place without working)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| vandalism (to maliciously destroy or damage property)- n. |
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Term
| venue (place in which something occurs)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| verdict (final judgment)- n. |
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Definition
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| victim (one who suffers loss, is killed or injured, etc.)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| violation (infringement, breaking, e.g. of a law)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| visitation (an official visit, e.g. to a convict in prison, or to inspect something)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| voir dire (oath of competency)- n |
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Definition
| interrogatorio para determinar la competencia |
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Term
| waive rights (to choose to give up one’s constitutional rights)- |
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Definition
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Term
| waive time (to cut time off of a prison sentence)- |
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Definition
| renunciar el plazo, acortar la sentencia |
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Term
| waiver of rights (official giving up of one’s constitutional rights)- n |
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Definition
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Term
| warrant (order, permit, writ)- n. |
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Definition
| orden, dereto de prision, garantia |
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Term
| warrant, arrest (order issued by the court for law enforcement officials to arrest a suspect)- n. |
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Definition
| orden de arresto, auto de detención |
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Term
| warrant, bench (a writ authorized by judge for a search, seizure, arrest, etc.)- n. |
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Definition
| orden de arresto por falta de comparecencia |
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Term
| warrant, search (permission given to law enforcement by the court to search a suspect’s house, etc. for evidence)- n. orden de cateo/de registrowarrant, search (permission given to law enforcement by the court to search a suspect’s house, etc. for evidence)- n. |
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Definition
| orden de cateo/de registro |
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Term
| weapon (item used to attack another)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| weapon, concealed (weapon hidden somewhere on the suspect)- n |
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Definition
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| weapon, deadly (weapon which has the potential to take a life)- n. |
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| weight of evidence (how thoroughly the evidence convinces)- n. |
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| will (last will and testament: one’s written decree of what will happen to all of his or her possessions upon death)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| witness (someone who sees a crime occur, or is otherwise an expert in some aspect of the case and asked to testify in court)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| witness, expert (a knowledgeable witness who argues technical or other points)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| witness, hostile (a witness for the opposing side)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| witness, material (an important or essential witness in a case)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| witness, prosecution (a witness who appears to support the prosecution’s argument)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| witness stand (the place in the court room for the witness to sit when being questioned)- n. |
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Definition
| la silla de los testigos, la estrada |
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Term
| work furlough (leave of absence from one’s job, esp. for military reasons or jury duty)- n. |
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Definition
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Term
| work release (convict’s release from prison during the day to work at a job outside the prison)- n |
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Definition
| permiso para salir a trabajar |
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Term
| writ (a formal legal document prohibiting or ordering some action)- n. |
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Definition
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