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LEED AP Exam
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design
187
Architecture
Professional
01/05/2008

Additional Architecture Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

List the 6 categories of LEED.

Definition
  1. Sustainable Sites
  2. Water Efficiency
  3. Energy & Atmosphere
  4. Materials & Resources
  5. Indoor Environmental Quality
  6. Innovation in Design
Term
Which LEED categories have prerequisites?
Definition

All categories except Water Efficiency and Innovation in Design.

 

SS - 1

E&A - 3

M&R - 1

IEQ - 2

Term
List the 8 Main Credits of Sustainable Sites
Definition

1. Site Selection

2. Development Density & Community Connectivity

3. Brownfield Redevelopment

4. Alternative Transportation

5. Site Development

6. Stormwater Design

7. Heat Island Effect

8. Light Pollution Reduction

Term
What is the SS pre-requisite?
Definition

Construction Activity Pollution Prevention.

 

Includes:

- ESC (erosion and sedimentation control)

- seeding (temp. or permanent)

- mulching

- silt fencing

- earth dikes

- sediment trap

- sediment basins

Term
define ESC
Definition

Erosion and Sedimentation Control.

 

(part of the SS prereq "Construction Activity Pollution Prevention"

Term
SS Credit 1 SITE SELECTION list the 6 types of sites where building is prohibited:
Definition

- prime farmland

- land 5' below flood line

- habitats for endangered species

- wetlands (within 100')

- previously undeveloped land within 50' of water

- public parkland (unless new equal parkland provided elsewhere)

Term

SS Credit 2

 

DEVELOPMENT DENSITY & COMMUNITY ACTIVITY

 

list the two options

Definition

option 1:

- must be previously developed site

- min. community density of 60,000 sf/net acre

 

option 2:

- must be previously developed site

- 1/2 mi. from residential zone (10 units/acre)

- 1/2 mi. from 10 "basic services"

- pedestrian access to basic services

Term
what is the current LEED version?
Definition
LEED 2.2
Term
List the 9 types of LEED certifications.
Definition
  1. New Construction (& Major Renovation)
  2. Existing Buildings
  3. Commercial Interiors
  4. Core & Shell
  5. Schools
  6. Retail
  7. Healthcare
  8. Homes
  9. Neighborhood Development (Pilot)
Term
LEED AP stands for...
Definition
Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design Accredited Professional
Term
List the 4 levels of LEED certification.
Definition
  • Certified
  • Silver
  • Gold
  • Platinum
Term
What are the approximate LEED registration and certification costs?
Definition
  • registration $450 for USGBC members ($600 for non-members)
  • certification depends on project size and type. average cost is $2,000, but can be as expensive as $15,000.
Term
In the US, buildings use what fraction of - total energy? - total electricity? - total water?
Definition
  • 1/3 of the energy
  • 2/3 of the electricity
  • 1/8 of the water
Term
When and how does the LEED process begin?
Definition
Project teams need to register on the LEED website (www.leedbuilding.org) during the early stages of the project.
Term
How many points are possible in LEED?
Definition

69 possible points.

 

certified needs 26 min

silver needs 33 min

gold needs 39 min

platinum needs 52 min

Term
When did USGBC launch the LEED AP program?
Definition
2001
Term
The LEED exam will test you on the following information (4 types):
Definition

- LEED credits: intent

- LEED credits: technical analyses 

- how to coordinate project and team

- how to implement LEED process

Term
In the LEED exam, how many possible points are there, and what constitutes a passing score?
Definition

200 possible points

 

a passing score is 170

Term
List the 3 LEED exam tracks:
Definition

New Construction

 

Commercial Interiors

 

Existing Buildings

Term
define CIR
Definition
Credit Interpretation Review/Ruling.
Term
How many reviews occur in the LEED process?
Definition

for new construction, there are 2:

 

- Design review

- Construction review

 

*for existing buildings, there is one - initial certification review

Term
what is the financial benefit of receiving LEED platinum certification?
Definition
Certification fees will be refunded. (not refunded: registration fees, appeal fees, or other misc fees.)
Term

SS Credit 3 BROWNFIELD REDEVELOPMENT

 

summarize approach: 

Definition

Clean up a contaminated site.

 

(for contaminated water, typically will pump to surface and treat. for contaminated soils, can use bioreactors in-situ or replace soil ex-situ)

Term

SS Credits 4.1-4.4 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION

 

list the 4 subcategories

Definition

4.1 Public Transportation Access

 

4.2 Bike Storage & Changing Rooms

 

4.3 Low-emitting & Fuel Efficient Vehicles

 

4.4 Parking Capacity

Term

SS Credit 4.1 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION

 

Public Transportation Access

 

list the two options:

Definition

option 1: location is < 1/2 mile of rail/subway.

 

option 2: location < 1/4 mi. of min. 2 stops for min. 2 bus lines.

Term

SS Credit 4.2 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORATION

 

Bike Storage and Changing Rooms

 

requirements for residential:

 

requirements for non-residential:

Definition

residential: covered storage for bikes for 15% residents

 

non-residential: bike racks/storage within 200 yd. of entrance for 5% occupants + shower/change rooms for 0.5% FTE occupants.

Term
define FTE
Definition
Full-Time Equivalent occupants.
Term

SS Credit 4.3 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORATION

 

Low Emitting & Fuel Efficient Vehicles

 

describe 3 options:

Definition

option 1: alt. vehicles & preferred parking for 3% of occupants

 

option 2: preferred pkg. for 5% bldg. capacity

 

option 3: alternative refueling stations for 3% pkg. capacity

Term
for SS 4.3, how does LEED define "low-emitting and fuel-efficient vehicles"?
Definition

-classified as Zero Emission Vehicles (ZEV) by the California Air Resources Board

 

OR

 

- minimum green score of 40 per American Council for an Energy Efficient Economy (ACEEE)

Term
how does LEED define "preferred parking"
Definition

closest spots to the entrance (excludes ADA requirements)

 

OR

 

reduced-price parking passes.

Term

SS Credit 4.4 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION

 

Parking Capacity

 

list 2 options for residential projects:

Definition

residential opt 1:

provide no new pkg.

 

residential opt 2:

adhere to minimum zoning requirements and provide infrastructure for carpools/shuttles to public transportation

Term

SS Credit 4.4 ALTERNATIVE TRANSPORTATION

 

Parking Capacity

 

list 3 options for NON-residential projects:

Definition

non-residential option 1: provide no new pkg.

 

non-residential option 2: adhere to minimum zoning pkg. requirements and create preferred pkg. for carpools for 5% of pkg.

 

non-residential option 3: IF the bldg. provides pkg. for less than 5% of FTE occupants, min. 5% preferred pkg. for carpools/vanpools.

Term

SS Credit 5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT

 

Protect or Restore Habitat

 

list requirements for greenfield sites:

Definition

protect habitat by minimizing footprint.

 

- 40' from bldg perimeter

- 10' from site improvements

- 15' from curbs / utility trenches

- 25' from permeable srufaces

Term

SS Credit 5.1 SITE DEVELOPMENT

 

Protect or Restore Habitat

 

list requirements for previously developed sites:

Definition

- restore or protect 50% of site (excluding the building footprint)

 

- native or adapted vegetation

 

- green roofs count in calculation (if native/adapted)

Term

SS Credit 5.2 SITE DEVELOPMENT

Maximize Open Space

 

describe 3 options:

 

1. if there are open spacing zoning requirements

2. if there is a zoning requirement, but no open space requirement therewithin

3. projects with no zoning codes (such as federal projects)

Definition

Opt. 1 - STANDARD ZONING ORDINANCE - increase the "open space" zoning requirement by 25%

 

Opt 2 - NO "OPEN SPACE" PROVISION IN ZONING ORDINANCE - maintain 20% of site as open space

 

Opt 3 - NO ZONING ORDINANCE - provide a min. amount of open space equal to the bldg. footprint

Term

SS Credit 6

STORMWATER DESIGN

 

List the 2 sub-categories:

Definition

6.1 Quantity Control

 

6.2 Quality Control

Term

SS Credit 6.1

STORMWATER DESIGN:

 

Quantity Control

 

list the 2 cases:

Definition

Case 1: Existing imperviousness < 50%

- the post-development stormwater quantity is not greater than the pre-development stormwater quantity.

OR

 

- implement a stream channel protection strategy

 

Case 2: Existing imperviousness > 50%.

- reduce stormwater runoff by 25%.

Term

SS Credit 6.2 STORMWATER DESIGN

 

Quality Control

 

Describe requirements:

Definition

- remove 80% of avg. annual post-development Total Suspended Solids (TSS).

 

- submit BMP (best management practice) plan.

Term
define TSS
Definition

Total Suspended Solids

 

- particles too small to be removed from stormwater through settling.

- these need to be filtered from stormwater runoff

Term
BMP
Definition

"Best Management Practices"

 

- must be submitted under SS credit 6.2 (Stormwater Quality Control).

Term
6 techniques for stormwater quality control:
Definition

- green roofs

- pervious pavement

- grid pavers

- rain gardens

- vegetated swales

- rainwater recycling

Term

SS Credit 7.1

HEAT ISLAND EFFECT:

 

Non-Roof

 

List 2 options:

Definition

Opt. 1

- 50% of site hardscape has some combination of shade, open grid pavers, paving materials w/SRI of 29 or more

 

Opt. 2:

- place min. 50% pkg. under cover (all roofs used must have SRI of 29 or greater).

Term
define SRI
Definition

Solar Reflectance Index.

 

- a material's ability to reject solar heat.

 

- High numbers reflect & max is 100; low numbers absorb and min is 0.

Term
what 2 material properties are needed to calculate SRI?
Definition
reflectance and emittance
Term

SS Credit 7.2 HEAT ISLAND EFFECT:

 

Roof

 

List 3 options:

Definition

option 1.

- roof has SRI of 78 or greater for low-slope roof; 29 for high-slope roof

 

option 2.

- 50% green roof

 

option 3.

- hybrid approach w/high SRI and vegetated roof. (SRI area/0.75) + (Green roof area/0.5) > Total Roof Area.

Term
define albedo
Definition

albedo = surface reflectance.

 

Roofs and paving should be high-albedo

(i.e. white and shiny)

Term

SS Credit 8. LIGHT POLLUTION PREVENTION.

 

describe int. and ext. requirements:

Definition

Interior: two options:

- emitted light should hit walls and not exit directly through windows, OR

- non-emergency interior lighting automatically turns off after non-business hours.

 

Exterior:

-minimize exterior lighting based on site classification as "dark" (rural), "low" (low-density residential), "medium" (commercial/industrial/ high-density residential), or "high" (city centers).

Term
define Heat Island Effect
Definition

effect when urban landscapes

retain solar energy and

become hotter than adjacent rural areas.

Term
define solar reflectance
Definition

ratio of reflected solar energy

to incoming solar energy.

 

100% reflectance means that all energy is reflected;

 

0% means all energy is absorbed. synonym: albedo.

Term
define Thermal Emittance
Definition

- ability to shed heat/infrared radiation.

 

- most bldg. materials, including glass, have emittance of about 0.9

 

- clean, bare metals have low emittance (can't shed heat; heat is retained)

Term
how does LEED define open-grid pavement?
Definition
50% impervious; vegetation in open cells.
Term
define emissivity
Definition

ratio of the radiation emitted by a material to

the radiation emitted by a black body

at same temperature

Term

how does LEED define

 

- development footprint

- open space area

Definition
development footprint: area impacted by development activity, including hardscape, access roads, parking, building, etc. open space area: property area minus the development footprint.
Term
how does LEED define alternative fuel vehicles?
Definition
vehicles that use low-pulluting, non-gasoline fuels such as electricity, hydrogen, propane, natural gas, methanol, ethanol. Includes gas-electric hybrids.
Term
bioremediation
Definition

Use of microorganisms and vegetation to remove contaminants from water and soils.

 

Usually in-situ and better than landfilling or incineration.

Term
CERCLA
Definition

Comprehensive Environmental Response, Compensation, and Liability Act (CERCLA),

commonly known as Superfund.

 

Addresses abandoned waste sites and contamination.

Term
RCRA
Definition

Resource Conservation and Recovery Act,

from the EPA.

Term
how does LEED define Building Density
Definition

bldg. floor area divided by

total site area

 

(sf per acre)

Term

How does LEED define:

 

 

- property area

 

- site area

Definition

they are synonymous.

 

area within property lines,

(not a function of development area.)

Term

how does LEED define

 

- development footprint

Definition

area on the project site

impacted by development activity:

hardscape, access roads, parking, building, etc.

Term

List the 3 main credit categories in

WATER EFFICIENCY:

Definition

WE 1 - Water Efficient Landscaping

WE 2 - Innovative Wastewater Technologies

WE 3 - Water Use Reduction 

Term

WE Credit 1.1

WATER EFFICIENT LANDSCAPING

 

1.1 Reduce by 50%

1.2 No Potable Water Use 

 

describe strategies: 

Definition

  • plant species choice (native/adapted)
  • limit turf grass
  • diversify species
  • use captured rainwater or recycled wastewater
  • use non-potable public water
  • drip system / smart irrigation controls
  • mulch (low evaporation) / swales/ shadows
  • no winter irrigation
Term

WE Credit 2

INNOVATIVE WASTEWATER TECHNOLOGIES

 

Describe the 2 options: 

Definition
Opt. 1:
- Reduce potable water use by 50% by:
  • water-conserving toilets/urinals
  • graywater / rainwater / treated wastewater
Opt. 2:
- Treat and reuse 50% of wastewater on-site 
Term

For credit WE 1 (Water Efficient Landscaping),

 

list 4 factors for calculating the

BASELINE water use rate: 

Definition
  • landscape coefficient
  • species factor
  • density factor
  • microclimate factor (greenfields vs paved)
Term

define

evapotranspiration rate 

Definition

total amount of water required

to grow a certain reference plant

(such as grass or alfalfa), mm. or in.

 

for LEED, use July value.

 

ref: agricultural publications 

Term

WE Credit 3

WATER USE REDUCTION

 

list two sub-credits: 

Definition

- 20% Reduction

- 30% Reduction 

Term

define

Tertiary Treatment 

Definition

highest form of wastewater treatment

 

includes removing nutrients, organic and solid material, biological or chemical polishing 

Term

WE Credit 3.1 & 3.2

 

WATER USE REDUCTION

(20% or 30%)

 

Describe Strategies: 

Definition
  • high-efficiency fixtures
  • composting toilets
  • non-water urinals
  • occupant sensors
  • stormwater
  • graywater
Term

define

 

Process Water     

Definition

water for industrial processes

and bldg systems

(CT, boilers, chillers) 

Term

what are some of the

detrimental environmental

impacts of coal

as an energy source? 

Definition
  • devastates landscapes
  • acidic drainage
  • sludge results when coal is processed
  • produces CO2 (climate change)
  • produce nitrogen oxide (smog)
  • produce sulfur dioxide (acid rain)
Term
what's the main element in smog?
Definition
nitrogen oxide
Term

what's the main substance contributing

to global warming     

Definition
CO2
Term

what are the detrimental

environmental impacts

of natural gas as

an energy source? 

Definition
  • produces nitrogen oxide
  • greenhouse emissions
Term

what are the detrimental

environmental impacts

of nuclear fission as

an energy source? 

Definition
  • potential for catastrophic accidents
  • waste transportation / disposal
Term

what are the major

detrimental environmental

impacts of hydroelectric

as an energy source? 

Definition
  • disrupt natural water flows
  • habitat disruption
  • depletion of fish populations
Term

List the 3 prerequisites

in the Energy & Atmosphere category: 

Definition
  1. Fundamental Commissioning of Bldg Systems
  2. Minimum Energy Performance
  3. Fundamental Refrigerant Management
Term

List the 6 credits in

Energy & Atmosphere 

Definition
  1. Optimize Energy Performance
  2. On-Site Renewable Energy
  3. Enhanced Commissioning
  4. Enhanced Refrigerant Management
  5. Measurement and Verification
  6. Green Power
Term

EA Prerequisite 1

 

FUNDAMENTAL COMMISSIONING

OF THE BLDG ENERGY SYSTEMS

 

Describe it: 

Definition
  • verify that the bldg systems are callibrated and perform according to contract documents
  • designate a Commissioning Authority (CxA)
  • systems include:
    • HVAC and refrigeration
    • lighting/daylighting controls
    • hot water
    • renewable energy systems (wind,solar,etc)
Term

define

 

CxA 

OPR

BOD 

Definition
CxA - Commissioning Authority
 
OPR - Owner's Project Requirements
 
BOD - Basis of Design 
Term

EA Prerequisite 2

 

MINIMUM ENERGY PERFORMANCE

 

Describe requirements: 

Definition
  • registered before 6/07: meet min standards AND prescriptive standards of ASHRAE/IESNA standard 90.1-2004
  • registered after 6/07: exceed them
Term

define

ASHRAE

IESNA 

Definition

American Society of Heating, Refrigeration,

and Air-Conditioning Engineers

 

Illuminating Engineering Society of North America

 

together, they author standard 90.1-2004,

part of EA Prereq 2 "Min Energy Performance" 

Term

define

standard 90.1 

Definition

establishes min requirements for

energy-efficient design of buildings

 

(excludes low-rise residential, and

bldgs that do not use electricity or fossil fuel.)

Term

EA Prerequisite 3

 

FUNDAMENTAL REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT

 

describe intent: 

Definition

reduce ozone depletion

 

- no new CFCs

- in existing bldgs, phase out CFCs in 5 years

Term
discuss types of refrigerants

and describe environmental impacts of each

Definition
CFC: chlorofluorocarbons - WORST
- causes global warming
- contains chlorine - depletes ozone
 
HCFC: hydrochlorofluorocarbons
- causes global warming
- contains 10% of chlorine of CFC - depletes ozone (but a lot less) 
 
HFC: hydrofluorocarbons
- causes global warming
- does not contain chlorine - does not affect ozone
 
Natural refrigerants - BEST to prevent global warming, probably require add'l electricity
- CO2, NH3, Propane
Term
sources of graywater
Definition
  • sink water (excluding food processing)
  • shower water
  • washing machine
  • cooling tower bleed-down
  • AC condensation
Term

define

ODP and GWP 

Definition

ozone depleting potential

and

global warming potential 

Term

what international treaty

banned CFCs? 

Definition
Montreal Protocol
Term

EA Credit 1

Optimize Energy Performance

 

Describe the 4 options,

and points possible for each. 

Definition

Opt. 1.  Whole Bldg Energy Simulation (1-10 pts)

- improve from ASHRAE/IESNA minimums

 

Opt. 2. Prescriptive Compliance (4 pts)

- ASHRAE Adv Energy Des Guide for Small Office Bldgs

- must be 20,000 sf max & office occupancy

 

Opt. 3.  Prescriptive Compliance (2-5 pts)

- Adv Bldgs Core Performance Guide

- 100,000 sf max, not healthcare, warehouse, or laboratory 

 

Opt. 4.  Prescriptive Compliance (1 pt)

-  comply w/ Basic Criteria & Prescriptive Measures of the Adv Bldgs Benchmark (minus a few sections)

Term

EA Credit 1

Optimize Energy Performance

 

Describe some strategies. 

Definition

1. DECREASE DEMAND.  Bldg form, orientation, daylighting, etc.

 

2. HARVEST SITE ENERGY. Daylight, ventilation, solar, wind.

 

3. INCREASE EFFICIENCY. System selection, equip. spec.

 

4. RECOVER WASTE ENERGY. Exhaust air energy recovery, graywater heat recovery. 

Term

define

ECB Method

Definition

Energy Cost Budget Method

in ASHRAE/IESNA 90.1

 

NOT acceptable for LEED credit EA 1. 

Term

define

process energy 

Definition

office equip

computers

elevators / escalators

kitchen

laundry

lighting (exempt fm lighting power allowance) 

Term

define

Baseline Building Performance 

Definition

per ASHRAE 90.1 (App. G)

 

annual energy cost for a bldg design

intended for use as a baseline

for rating above standard design 

Term

define

Rated Power 

 

Definition

capacity of a specific

piece of equipment

(max power a unit will draw0 

Term

define

Receptacle Load 

Definition

all equip that is

plugged in 

Term

EA Credit 2

On-Site Renewable Energy

 

Describe: 

Definition

use on-site energy

(solar, wind, geothermal,

low-impact hydro, biomass, bio-gas)

to supply a percentage of total bldg energy req'd

 

1-3 points,

based on percentage

of total calc energy 

Term

EA Credit 2

On-site Renewable Energy

 

Do passive solar thermal

systems count in

this credit? 

Definition

NO.

Just active systems such as

photovoltaic, wind, hydro,

wave, tidal, bio-fuel, bio-gas,

geothermal (deep water/steam only),

solar thermal, thermo-siphon.

 

careful - geo-exchange is passive;

geo-thermal is active. 

Term

list some

common sources for

bio-fuels 

Definition

- untreated wood waste

- agricultural waste

- animal waste

- landfill gas 

Term

define

BIPV 

Definition

building-integrated

photo-voltaic 

Term

EA Credit 3

ENHANCED COMMISSIONING

 

Describe differences from the

Commissioning Prerequisite:

Definition

- CxA must NOT be an employee of

the design firm or contractor or

construction manager

 

- develop systems manual

 

- review bldg operation within 10 months

after substantial completion 

Term

EA Credit 4

ENHANCED REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT

 

List additional requirements

compared to the pre-req: 

Definition

Opt 1: Eliminate refrigerants. (Natural refrigerants,

such as water, CO2, and ammonia are OK.) 

 

Opt 2: Minimize / eliminate emission of compounds

that contribute to ozone depletion and

global warming. 

Term

EA Credit 4

ENHANCED REFRIGERANT MANAGEMENT

 

Describe some strategies: 

Definition

- use H2O, CO2, or NH3

- equip w/long life

- equip that doesn't leak

- type of refrigerants (i.e. low GWP/ODP)

- efficiency (i.e. amount of electricity req'd)

 

Term

what 3 types

of refrigerants

will be phased out by

2030, per the

Montreal Protocol? 

Definition

CFCs

HCFCs

HFCs 

Term

EA Credit 5

MEASUREMENT & VERIFICATION

 

Describe 

Definition

develop a M&V

(measurement and verification) plan.

 

the plan evaluates performance

of energy systems. min. duration

is 1 year post-construction.

 

track actual performance, compared

to theoretical design performance. 

Term

define

IPMVP 

Definition

International Performance Measurement and

Verification Protocol

 

(part of credit EA 5,

Measurement and Verification) 

Term

EA Credit 6

GREEN POWER

 

Describe requirements: 

Definition

35% of bldg's electricity comes from ON-GRID

renewable energy for min. 2 years.

 

Green power = from solar, wind,

geothermal, biomass, low-impact hydro. 

Term

what does a

Green-e

certification mean? 

Definition

Green-e =

electricity from renewable sources

(solar electric, wind, geothermal,

bio mass, low-impact hydro) 

 

Green-e is mandatory for

EA Credit 6,

Green Power. 

Term

MR Prequisite 1

 

Name it. 

Definition
Storage and Collection of Recyclables
Term

MR Prereq 1

STORAGE & COLLECTION OF RECYCLABLES

 

Describe requirements: 

Definition

Provide recycling area for entire building.

 

Minimum materials:

paper

corrugated cardboard

glass

plastics

metals 

Term

MR Credit 1

BUILDING REUSE

 

Describe the 3 sub-categories: 

Definition

MR 1.1 - Maintain 75% Exst. Walls, Floors & Roof

 

MR 1.2 - 95%

 

MR 1.3 - Maintain 50% of Interior non-Strl Elements

Term

MR Credit 1.1

BUILDING REUSE

Maintain 75% of Exst Walls, Floors & Roof

 

Describe which parts of the bldg

count towards the 75% 

Definition

INCLUDED:

structure (incl. strl. floor / deck)

envelope (ext. skin / framing)

 

EXCLUDED:

haz mat (not included in total)

windows

non-strl roofing material 

Term

If you are putting an addition

on an exst bldg,

how big can the addition be

 in order to qualify for

Credit MR 1 (Building Reuse)? 

Definition

Max area of new addition is

twice the area of the exst bldg. 

Term

For Credit MR 1.3,

"Maintain 50% of Interior Non-Strl Elements",

 

what parts of the bldg

compose the calculation? 

Definition

- non-bearing walls

- doors

- floor coverings

- ceilings

 

*note - percentage is

calculated by area 

Term

If a room full of unused doors

are found at a building site,

describe 2 uses and which

credits would be applicable. 

Definition

If used as doors -

MR 1.1/1.1 - Building Reuse

 

If used as tables -

MR 3.1/3.2 - Materials Reuse 

Term

The percentages in

MR 1.1 and 1.2,

"Building Reuse",

are based on what unit of measure? 

Definition

surface areas of

major existing bldg

strl and envelope elements

Term

MR Credit 2

CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT

 

List 2 sub-categories 

Definition

Credit 2.1 - Divert 50% from Disposal

Credit 2.2 -  Divert 75% from Disposal

Term

MR Credit 2.1 (and 2.2)

CONSTRUCTION WASTE MANAGEMENT

 Divert 50% (or 75%) From Disposal

 

 Describe the credit requirements,

list a common material excluded from this credit,

and list units for percentage calc: 

Definition

Develop & implement

a construction waste plan

to recycle or salvage exst. materials

(and keep them out of landfills / incinerators).

 

Soil does not count.

 

Percentages may be by weight

or volume (but must be consistent). 

Term

MR Credit 3

MATERIALS REUSE

 

Describe 2 subcategories: 

Definition

3.1 - Materials Reuse, 5%

3.2 - Materials Reuse, 10%


(reused materials are those

that were salvaged, refurbished,

or reused, AND permanently

installed in the project)

(furniture is OK - if definied consistently) 

 

Term

MR Credits 3.1 & 3.2

MATERIALS REUSE (5% & 10%)

 

How are the percentages defined? 

Definition

Percentages of

cost of

all materials used. 

Term

for credits

MR 3.1 & 3.2,

Materials Reuse,

list some common categories

of "reused materials": 

Definition

Components already on-site

- new function proposed for exst object

- example: door used as a table. 

 

Components already on-site

- a finish material that can serve its original function, but requires refurbishment.  Example: door hardware 

 

Components required off-site

- anything salvaged or relocated from another site 

Term

Define

post-consumer waste,

pre-consumer content,

and assembly recycled content 

Definition

post-consumer: material generated by households or other facilities, such as stuff in recycling bins, demolition debris, discarded products, maint. waste

 

pre-consumer: material considered waste in the

manufacturing process (like fly ash, shavings, walnut shells, trimmed materials, print overruns, etc)

 

assembly recycled content: includes post- and pre-consumer.  divide (recycled weight) by (total weight) 

Term

MR Credit 4.1 & 4.2

RECYCLED CONTENT (10% and 20%)

 

describe credit,

including breakdown of

pre-consumer vs post-consumer 

 

and unit of measure for percentages 

Definition

In the project, use recycled materials (post-consumer + 1/2 pre-consumer) as a percentage (10% or 20%)

of the total project COST. 

Term

describe the shortcut method

to determine Total Materials Cost

for the MR credits: 

Definition
Total Materials Cost = 0.45 * total constr. cost
Term

describe the default

and potential

recycled percentages

of strl. steel 

Definition

default: 25% post-consumer

potential: 90% post-consumer 

Term

what is the special provision

in the MR Recycled Content credit

for calculating fly ash in concrete? 

Definition

The percentage of recycled materials

in the composite material

(i.e. concrete)

can be calculated as a percentage of the

mass of cementitious materials

rather than a percentage of the total mass

(so you don't pay a penalty for the water

in the concrete mix) 

Term

for the MR Recycled Content

credit, you need to do some calcs

based on weight and others

based on cost.  Explain where

each applies: 

Definition

for determining what percentage of a composite

material is considered recycled, use weight.

 

for total percentage of recycled materials

compared to entire building, use cost. 

Term

MR Credit 5.1 & 5.2

REGIONAL MATERIALS

10% or 20% Extracted, Processed

& Manufactured Regionally

 

describe the credit 

Definition

use materials/products within 500 miles of the site

(extraction, process, manufacture)

 

percentagese (10% or 20%)

are based on cost.

 

for composite materials,

compute the applicable percentage by weight. 

Term

what common bldg components

are excluded from the

MR Credit 5,

Regional Materials? 

Definition

- MEP components

- specialty items such as elevators / equip

 

 

- furniture is only included if used

consistently throughout the MR credits. 

Term

Can re-used materials from

MR Credit 3 (Reuse Materials)

be applied to MR Credit 5

(Regional Materials)? 

Definition

yes.  the salvage location is

considered the point of extraction;

the location of the vendor is

considered the point of manufacture. 

Term

MR Credit 6

Rapidly Renewable Materials

 

describe the credit 

Definition

use rapidly renewable materials

for 2.5% of the total material COST

(= 45% construction cost)

 

 

Term

define

Rapidly Renewable Materials

(per LEED)

 

and give examples 

Definition

materials and products made from

plants or animals, typically harvested

within a 10-year cycle in a sustainable fashion.

 

bamboo, wool carpeting, cotton insulation,

agrifiber, linoleum flooring,

wheatboard cabinetry,

strawboard, cork flooring. 

Term

MR Credit 7

CERTIFIED WOOD

 

describe the credit 

Definition

50% of total wood (by cost)

must be certified wood.

 

(includes strl framing, dimensional lumber,

flooring, subfloor, wood doors, finishes) 

 

furniture can be included if definied consistently for all MR credits 

 

temporary products such as formwork,

bracing, scaffolding, etc. may be included

in calculation 

Term

what is

certified wood? 

Definition

the Forest Stewardship Council

issues this certification to forest managers

who adopt sustainable forest management policies.

 

FSC also accredits certification proxies. 

Term

what is a strategy for

making sure you get

certified wood? 

Definition

selecting lower grades of wood

whenever possible,

Grades 2 or 3 rather than Grade 1. 

Term

define

 

chain-of-custody (COC) 

Definition

pertains to certified wood -

 

the COC is the path the wood products

take from forest to consumer,

including processing, manufacturing, distribution.

for the end product to be certified, the

entire COC must be certified. (note:

this is complicated; see the resource guide for more info) 

Term

can recycled wood materials

count towards the "Certified Wood" credit

(MR Credit 7)? 

Definition

NO.

 

new wood products only.

 

(but you could use the recycled wood materials

towards the recycled credit) 

Term
define IAQ
Definition
Indoor Air Quality
Term

EQ Prerequisite 1

 

what is it 

Definition

minimum IAQ performance

 

(IAQ = indoor air quality) 

Term

EQ Prereq 1

Indoor Environmental Quality

 

describe it,

and state the governing standard 

Definition

provide minimum ventilation

and indoor air quality per

ASHRAE 62.1-2004,

"Ventilation for Acceptable

Indoor Air Quality". 

Term

3 ventilation

methods: 

Definition

Active (i.e. mech. eqpt.)

Passive (i.e. operable windows)

Mixed (i.e. a combination) 

Term

EQ Prereq 2

 

what is it 

Definition

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Control

 

Opt. 1 - prohibit smoking inside; locate exterior smoking areas 25' away from entries, air intakes, and operable winndows

 

Opt. 2 - have designated smoking areas that are 25' away from entries, air intakes, and operable windows.  The smoking rooms must be directly exhausted to the outdoors.

 

Opt. 3 - some slight variations for residential 

Term

define

ETS 

Definition

environmental

tobacco smoke

(i.e. secondhand smoke) 

Term

EQ Credit 1

OUTDOOR AIR DELIVERY MONITORING

 

describe requirements 

Definition
- install sensors that monitor CO2 concentrations in all "densely occupied" spaces
 
- measure air intake rate (n/a for naturally ventilated spaces)
Term

which ASHRAE reference

contains info on CO2 sensors? 

Definition
ASHRAE 62.1-2004
Term

EQ Credit 2

INCREASED VENTILATION

 

Describe requirements for

- mech. ventilated spaces

- naturally ventilated spaces 

Definition

mech. ventilated - increase outdoor ventilation

rates by 30% above ASHRAE min in pre-req.

 

naturally ventilated - meet the "carbon trust good practice guide 237", meet recommendations in the CIBSE manual 10, OR provide analytical model that will demonstrate that natural ventilation is appropriate. 

Term

EQ Credit 2,

"Increased Ventilation"

is most applicable to what type of climates? 

Definition

mild climates

 

not good for excessively

hot or cold climates due to increased

HVAC needs and energy use 

Term

define

CIBSE 

Definition

Chartered Institution of

Building Services Engineers 

Term

define

exfiltration 

Definition

uncontrolled outward air leakage

from conditioned spaces

through unintentional openings

due to pressure differences 

Term

EQ Credit 3

CONSTRUCTION IAQ MANAGEMENT PLAN

 

describe two sub-credits 

Definition

3.1 - During Construction

3.2 - Before Occupancy 

Term

EQ Credit 3.1

CONSTRUCTION IAQ MANAGEMENT PLAN

 

During Construction

 

describe requirements 

Definition

- comply w/Control Measures of the Sheet Metal and Air Conditioning Contractors National Association (SMACNA)

 

- protect materials from moisture damage

 

- if permanently installed AHUs are used during construction, supply filters with a MERV of 8 (MERV = Minimum Efficiency Reporting Value) 

Term

list some practical

methods to achieve

EQ Credit 3.1,

CONSTRUCTION IAQ MGMT PLAN,

During Construction 

Definition

- don't use HVAC system during constr.

- cover HVAC ducts w/plastic to prevent

entrance of particulates

- protect materials from moisture

- housekeeping (cleaning, vaccuuming)

- construction schedule (most toxic materials late

Friday, so it will be aired out by next Monday) 

Term

EQ Credit 3.2

CONSTRUCTION IAQ MGMT PLAN

Before Occupancy

 

describe credit

(two options) 

Definition

opt. 1 - FLUSH-OUT.  After construction, run HVAC to flush out particulates / fumes etc.

 

opt. 2 - AIR QUALITY TESTING.  Test air for pollutants so ppm is less than the maximums listed in LEED. 

Term

list 5 types of

air pollutants

that pertain to

EQ Credit 3.2

(Construction IAQ Mgmt Plan -

before occupancy) 

Definition

formaldehyde

particulates

VOCs

4-Phenylcyclohexene (4-PCH)

Carbon Monoxide 

Term

name a type of building material

that contains

4-Phenylcyclohexene (4-PCH) 

Definition

carpets / fabrics with styrene butadiene rubber

latex backing material 

Term

name some bldg materials

that contain formaldehyde 

Definition

- pressed wood (plywood, particleboard, fiberboard)

- glues / adhesives

- carpets

- wood furnishings

- fabrics 

Term

what is a common word for

Particulate Matter (PM10) 

Definition
dust
Term

name some building materials

that contain VOCs 

Definition

- plywood / particleboard / fiberboard

- glues / adhesives

- paints

- carpets

- wood furnishings

- thermalinsulation

- combustion sources 

Term

define

VOC and TVOC 

Definition

volatile organic compound

 

and

 

total volatile organic compounds

 

(carbon compounds that participate in atmospheric photochemical reactions.  They vaporize, or become a gas, at normal room temperatures.) 

Term

what are some

common building sources

of carbon monoxide (CO)? 

Definition

- gas/propane exhaust

- wood stoves

- kerosene heaters

- cigarettes 

Term

EQ Credit 4

LOW-EMITTING MATERIALS

 

list the 4 sub-credits 

Definition

4.1 - Adhesives and Sealants

4.2 - Paints and Coatings

4.3 - Carpet Systems

4.4 - Composite Wood and Agrifiber 

Term

EQ Credit 4.1

LOW-EMITTING MATERIALS

Adhesives and Sealants

 

Describe credit: 

Definition

reduce quantity of

odorous / irritating / harmful air contaminants.

 

all adhesives / sealants on bldg. interior

(inside of the weatherproofing system

and applied on-site) must comply with

limits in table from SCAQMD (South Coast

Air Quality Mgmt District) and Aerosol limits

in "Green Seal Standard for Commercial Adhesives". 

Term

EQ Credit 4.2

LOW-EMITTING MATERIALS

 

Paints and Coatings

 

describe credit: 

 

Definition

don't exceed VOC limits in following references:

 

interior paints/primers: Green Seal Standard Paints

anti-rust interior paints: Green Seal Standard anti-Corrosive Paints

- interior wood stains/sealers/shellacs: SCAQMD Architecdtural Coatings rules. 

Term

EQ Credit 4.2

Low-Emitting Materials

 

Paints and Coatings

 

Are exterior paints part of this credit?

Definition
NO.  Interior paints and coating only.
Term

EQ Credit 4.3

LOW-EMITTING MATERIALS

 

Carpet Systems

 

describe credit: 

Definition

- 100% of carpet and carpet cushion must comply with"Green Label Plus" program

of "Carpet and Rug institute"

 

- also, carpet adhesive must meet

requirements of EQ Credit 4.1 (adhesive) 

Term

EQ Credit 4.4

LOW-EMITTING MATERIALS

 

Composite Wood and Agrifiber Products

 

describe credit: 

Definition

- all composite wood products

(plywood,particle board, door cores, etc)

and laminating adhesives (shop and site applied)

shall contain NO added

urea-formaldehyde resins.

 

**credit only applies to interior materials,

defined as those inside waterproofing system 

Term

what is an

agrifiber board? 

Definition

a composite panel product made from agricultural waste figer such as straw, husks, shells, prunings, etc.  These fibers are processed and mixed with resins to produce panels similar to wood.

 

good to use as long as there

are no added VOCs

(i.e. urea formaldehyde) 

Term

what are the

detrimental environmental impacts

of VOCs? 

Definition

- cause smog and pollution

- react w/sunlight and nitrogen oxides to form

ground-level ozone, which is bad for

humans, crops, & ecosystems.

 

Term

EQ Credit 5

INDOOR CHEMICAL & POLLUTANT SOURCE CONTROL

 

Describe Credit: 

Definition

- install walk-off grilles to capture dirt

(must be operable for cleaning)

 

- rooms w/chemicals (garages, laundry, labs, etc)

are exhausted to create negative pressure.

deck-to-deck partitions req'd.

 

- filter supply and return air, with MERV of 13.

(MERV = Min Efficiency Reporting Value) 

Term

EQ Credit 6

CONTROLLABILITY OF SYSTEMS

 

List two

sub-credits 

Definition

6.1 Lighting

6.2 Thermal 

Term

EQ Credit 6.1

CONTROLLABILITY OF SYSTEMS

Lighting

 

Describe credit: 

Definition

Provide individual lighting controls for min. 90%

of the bldg occupants,

 

AND

 

Provide lighting system controllability for all

shared spaces. 

Term

EQ Credit 6.2

CONTROLLABILITY OF SYSTEMS:

Thermal Comfort

 

Describe credit: 

Definition

Provide individual thermal comfort controls

for min. 50% bldg occupants.  Operable windows

can be used in lieu of comfort controls

for individuals within 20' inside and 10' along side an operable window,

 

AND

 

Provide thermal comfort controls for all shared multi-occupant spaces. 

Term

For EQ Credit 6.2

Controllability of Systems: Thermal Comfort,

 

what does LEED consider

an adequate measure of thermal comfort

(give examples): 

Definition

- operable windows

- temperature

- radiant temperature

- air speed

- humidity 

Term

EQ Credit 7

THERMAL COMFORT

 

List the 2 sub-credits 

Definition

7.1 Design

7.2 Verification 

Term

EQ Credit 7.1

THERMAL COMFORT

Design

 

Describe Credit 

Definition

Design HVAC systems and bldg envelope

per ASHRAE 55-2004,

Thermal Comfort Conditions for Human Occupancy. 

Term

What is

ASHRAE 55-2004 

Definition

Thermal Comfort Conditions for

Human Occupancy

 

(pertains to EQ Credit 7.1,

Thermal Comfort: Design) 

Term

EQ Credit 7.2

Thermal Comfort: Verification

 

Describe the credit:

Definition

Agree to implement a thermal comfort survey

within 6-18 months after occupancy.

 

Develop an action plan if

20% of the inhabitants are dissatisifed. 

Term

EQ Credit 8.1 & 8.2

Daylight and Views

 

List the 2 sub-credits: 

Definition

8.1 - Daylight 75% of spaces

8.2 - Views for 90% of spaces 

Term

EQ Credit 8.1

Daylight and Views:

Daylight 75% of spaces

 

Describe the credit:

(3 options) 

Definition

75% of all spaces must be lit to these standards:

 

Opt 1 - Glazing Factor Calculation

 

Opt 2 - Daylight Simulation Model

 

Opt 3 - Daylight Measurement 

Term

describe some strategies

for daylighting 

Definition

- shallow floor plates

- courtyards

- atriums

- light shelves on south

- skylights on north

- clerestories on north 

Term

define

glazing factor 

Definition
ratio of interior illuminance at a given point on a given plane to the exterior illuminance under known overcast sky conditions
Term

for daylighting purposes,

how does LEED define

occupied vs. non-occupied spaces? 

Definition

non-occupied: janitorial, storage, kitchens, restrooms, stairwells.

 

non-regularly occupied spaces: corridors, hallways, lobbies, break rooms, copy rooms storage rooms, kitchens, restrooms, stairwells.

 

occupied: areas where workers are seated or standing as they work (living and family rooms in a residence) 

Term

for LEED daylighting,

what type of spaces apply to

Credit 8.1 Daylighting? 

Definition
regularly-occupied spaces (areas where workers are seated or standing as they work; or, for residential, living and family rooms)
Term

EQ Credit 8.2

DAYLIGHT & VIEWS

Views for 90% of Spaces

 

describe credit: 

Definition

for 90% of regularly-occupied spaces,

achieve direct line of sight to the outdoor environment.

 

section: 2'6-7'-6 AFF (or sightline???)

plan - sightline drawn to window 

Term

EQ Credit 8.2

 

Daylight and Views -

Views for 90% of spaces

 

describe strategies 

Definition

- lower partition heights

- interior shading devices

- interior glazing

- automatic photocell-based controls 

Term

ID Credits 1 & 2

 

list them: 

Definition

ID 1 - Substantially exceed an existing

credit, or write your own

 

 ID 2 -  LEED AP on the team

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