Term
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Definition
| Our awareness of internal and external stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
| the process that controls our awareness of, and readiness to respond to, specific categories of stimuli or stimuli in specific location |
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Term
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Definition
| We can follow a particular conversation even when other conversations are going on around us |
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Term
| Who was the father of Hypnosis? |
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Definition
Franz Anton Mesmer
(hence MESMERized) |
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Term
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Definition
a systematic procedure that typically produces state of suggestibility
one person suggests to another that certain perceptions, feelings, thoughts or behaviors will spontaneously occur |
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Term
| Sociocognitive Approach of Hypnosis |
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Definition
| Hypnotic behaviors are social actions that reflect what the hypnotized individual believes to be characteristic of a hypnotized trance |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypnosis is a particularly extreme sample of conscious awareness of ongoing stimulation being suppressed by suggestions of the hypnotist |
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Term
| What are the two possible theories related to hypnosis alleviating pain? |
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Definition
Dissociation (split in consciousness allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others, and dissociate sensation of cutting from that of pain....? what...)
Distracting Attention (attention is taken away from pain) |
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Term
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Definition
| roughly a 24 hours cycle, endogenously generated with zeitgerbers (german word for external synchronizers) |
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Term
| What activates circadian rhythms? |
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Definition
| light... by activating light-sensing proteins in the retina |
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Term
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Definition
the physiological and behavioral responses to jet travel across time zones
Symptoms include sleep disturbance, disruption of digestion, impaired attention, perception, motivation and psychological processes
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Term
| Symptoms of Jet lag are less pronounced when we travel ____ than ___. (east/west) |
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Definition
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Term
| Electroencephalogram (EEG) |
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Definition
| Records and amplifies the weak electrical signals from several different parts of the brain |
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Term
| What type of waves occur when we are awake and alert? |
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Definition
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Term
| What type of waves occur when we are awake but relaxed? |
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Definition
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Term
| For the first 4 stages of sleep, what type of waves are detected with an EEG? |
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Definition
Stage 1: Theta
Stage 2: Sleep Spindles (bursts of activity)
Stage 3 and 4: Delta
Thirsty Sally Smith Drank |
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Term
| What type of wave activity occurs in REM sleep? |
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Definition
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Term
| The twofold purpose of sleep |
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Definition
1. reduces expenditure so our bodies can focus on tissue growth and repair
2. Important for the organization and consolidation of memories |
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Term
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Definition
| A sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping persons mind |
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Term
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Definition
Thought it was about wish-fulfillment (dreams fulfill unconscious wishes that are otherwise unacceptable)
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Term
| Information Processing Sleep Theory |
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Definition
-Dreams help sort and fix days experiences in memory
-We sleep to remember |
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Term
| Problem Solving Theory of Sleep |
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Definition
-dreams allow us to work out through daily problems with creativity
-continuity between waking and sleeping thought |
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Term
| Activation Synthesis Theory of Sleep |
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Definition
-Dreams are due to neural activity
-Controlled by the pons
-Cortex constructs a dream to make sense out of random signals created by the periodic firing of neurons in lower brain centres
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Term
| Brain activation during sleep |
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Definition
The limbic system and amygdala are activated in REM sleep
The frontal lobe regions are not |
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Term
| Activation-Synthesis Theory of Sleep |
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Definition
| Dreams reflect brain activation originating in the pons, followed by efforts of the forebrain to weave these inputs into a story |
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Term
| Damage to the ____ can eliminate dreaming even when the ____ is in tact. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| refer to the difficulty falling staying asleep. (35% of adults) |
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Term
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Definition
| disease marked by sudden and irresistible onsets of sleep (0.05% of population) |
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Term
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Definition
| involves frequent gasping for air that awakens a person and disrupts sleep, accompanied by loud snoring (2% of women and 4% of men) |
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Term
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Definition
| Sleep walking, occurs when a person arises and wanders about while remaining asleep (nREM sleep) |
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Term
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Definition
| Anxiety arousing dreams that lead to awakening, usually during REM sleep (common in children, 10% of adults have recurrent nightmares) |
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Term
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Definition
| Sleep terrors, are abrupt awakenings from NREM sleep (stages 3,4) with intense autonomic arousal and feelings of panic (common in children age 3-8) |
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Term
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Definition
| a relatively brief display of a feeling made in response to environmental feeling made in response to environmental events having motivational significance or to memories of such events |
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Term
| Conditioned Emotional Response |
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Definition
| A classically conditioned response produced by a stimulus that evokes and emotional response |
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Term
| Importance of Non-Verbal Communication (3) |
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Definition
Body Language
Gestures
Non-verbal signs/cues |
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Term
| * Common Sense Theory of Emotion |
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Definition
Perception causes the emotion, which results in physiological arousal, the stimulus leads to the emotion which then leads to bodily emotion
(perception, arousal, emotion, bodily emotion) |
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Term
| *James-Lange Theory of Emotion |
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Definition
The experience of emotion arises from our awareness of our physiological responses and state
(physiological response, emotion) |
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Term
| *Canon-Bard Theory of Emotion |
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Definition
| Emotion and bodily arousal occur at the same time |
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Term
| *Schachter's two-factor theory |
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Definition
| Emotion relies on both physiological reaction and perception of stimulus |
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Term
| How is the Amygdala involved in Emotion? |
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Definition
1. Receives information from environment and frontal lobes
2. Involved in evaluation of emotional significance of stimulus
3. Damage impairs ability to display normal responses to emotional stimuli |
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Term
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Definition
Frontal lobe influences the conscious experience of emotion and has strong reciprocal connections with the amygdala
Prefrontal Cortex is what makes us rational, intellectual and moral |
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Term
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Definition
-processes involved in "goal-directed" behavior
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Term
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Definition
| An internal state of "tension" that motivates and organism to engage in activities that should reduce this tension |
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Term
| What are the two main components of Motivation? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| a process by which the effects produced by an action or a hormone diminishes or stops that action |
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Term
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Definition
| There is an empirical relationship between optimal performance and the level of arousal necessary. Performance increases with physiological or mental arousal but only up to a certain point, then performance diminishes. |
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Term
| Drive Reduction Theory of Motivation |
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Definition
-Applies concept of homeostasis to emotions/goal-directed behavior
-Unpleasant states of tension are viewed as disruptions in homeostasis
When a person experiences a drive, they are motivated to pursue actions, drive reduction ! |
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Term
| Goal Setting Theory of Motivation |
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Definition
Specific goals are preferable
Challenging goalds
Attainable
Feedback can improve performance |
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Term
| Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs |
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Definition
Physiological needs
Safety Needs
Social Needs
Esteem Needs
Self-Actualization |
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Term
| Examples of Physiological Needs |
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Definition
food, air, water, clothing, sex
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Term
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Definition
protection, stability, pain avoidance, routine/order
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Term
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Definition
| Self-respect, self-esteem, respected by others |
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Term
| What is self-actualization |
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Definition
| Achieve full potential, fulfillment |
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