Term
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Definition
| Any organism whose genetic material is not located within a membrane-bound nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| Any organism whose cells have a membrane-bound nucleus in which the genetic material is located and membrane-bound organelles |
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Term
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Definition
| An extrachromosomal, double-stranded DNA molecule that replicates autonomously from the host chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| In bacteria, a plasmid that is capable of integrating into the host cell's chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| The simultaneous transduction of two or more bacterial genes, a good indication that the bacterial genes are closely linked |
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Term
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Definition
| A cell or an individual with one copy of each nuclear chromosome |
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Definition
| Viruses that attack bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| wild type, synthesize what they need for growth and reproduction |
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Definition
| Mutant type, lack an enzyme necessary for growth |
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Definition
| Only prototrophic bacteria can grow on this |
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Term
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Definition
| Contains all substances required by all bacteria, including auxotrophic bacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| Requires physical contact between two bacterial cells for DNA transfer, one-way transfer from donor to recipient, non-reciprocal |
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Term
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Definition
| Donor cell DNA is lysed and the fragments are taken up by the recipient cells |
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Term
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Definition
| Bacterial virus (phage) transfers the DNA from donor cell to recipient cell |
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Term
| F factor (Fertility Factor) |
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Definition
| Mediates conjugation by deciding which bacteria can conjugate through physical contact |
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Term
| Hfr (High-Frequency Strains) |
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Definition
| Donor cells with F factor integrated into the donor bacterial chromosome |
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Term
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Definition
| Donor cells with F factor |
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Term
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Definition
| Recipient cells lacking F factor |
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Term
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Definition
| Partially diploid cells that contain 2 copies of some bacterial genes. Produced by a F- and F' cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells with F factor carrying bacterial genes |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that take up DNA in transformation |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that recieve genetic material in transformation |
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Term
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Definition
| Phage integrates into bacterial chromosome and is inactive |
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Term
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Definition
| The phage always lyses the host cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Cells that are transformed by at least two genes |
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Term
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Definition
| Used to nick F- cells and donate genetic material during conjugation |
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