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Lecture 6
Patho Exam 1
27
Nursing
Graduate
09/20/2015

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Term
Hypersensitivity
Definition
When the immune system either over reacts or fails to recognize "self v non self"
Term
Alloimmunity
Definition
Occurs when an individual's immune system reacts against antigens on the tissues of other members of the same species.
Term
Cytotropic antibody
Definition
An antibody that has an affinity for certain kinds of cells, in addition to and unrelated to its specific affinity for the antigen that induced it, because of the properties of the Fc portion of the heavy chain
Term
Allergy
Definition
Deleterious effects of hypersensitivity to environmental antigens
Term
Goodpasture's Disease
Definition
When antibodies fail to recognize self, and form against the basement membrane of kidney or lung. Can result in renal failure and/or lung damage. Usually occurs in 45 y/o Males.
Term
Serum Sickness
Definition
An allergic reaction to an injection of serum, typically mild and characterized by skin rashes, joint stiffness, and fever
Term
Urticaria
Definition
A rash of round, red welts on the skin that itch intensely, sometimes with dangerous swelling, caused by an allergic reaction, typically to specific foods
Term
Rheumatic fever
Definition
A noncontagious acute fever marked by inflammation and pain in the joints. It chiefly affects young people and is caused by a streptococcal infection
Term
DiGeorge Syndrome
Definition
A type of SCID (sever combined immune deficiency syndrome), where there is failure to make T cells due to failure of the thymus to develop. Therefore B cells do not get activated.
Term
Hyper IgM Syndrome
Definition
Inability to undergo isotype switching- only IgM antibodies. This syndrome is not fatal.
Term
Coombs-Gell System
Definition
Descriptions of the 4 types of Hypersensitivity
Term
Tissue Specific Antigens
Definition
Type II hypersensitivity is tissue specific. A heterogenetic antigen with organ specificity; for example, in addition to species-specific antigen, kidney of one species contains antigen that is identical to that in kidney of other species.
Term
Immune complex
Definition
Type III hypersensitivity disorders form immune complexes. It is the formation of an antibody to an antigen. E.g Lupus and Raynaud phenomenon form antigen/antibody complexes
Term
Cell-mediated hypersensitivity
Definition
Type IV hypersensitivity reactions are inappropriate or excessive immune reactions that are mediated by a specific subsets of CD4 helper T cells or by CD8 cytotoxic T cells.
Term
Desesitization
Definition
The prevention or reduction of immediate hypersensitivity by administration of graded doses of allergen
Term
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE or Lupus)
Definition
Circulating antigen-antibody complexes that are deposited on various tissues, results in various responses depending on where the deposition of antibody-antigen complex is.
Term
Bruton's agammaglobulinemia
Definition
The mature B cell does not become immuno competent and is not able to make antibodies.
Term
SCID
Definition
Severe Combined Immune Deficiency Syndrome. Inability to make T cells or B cells.
Term
Autoimmunity
Definition
The system of immune responses of an organism against its own cells and tissues. Any disease that results from such an aberrant immune response is termed an autoimmune disease.
Term
Anaphylaxis
Definition
Type I Hypersensitivity in which an acute allergic reaction to an antigen (e.g. a bee sting) to which the body has become hypersensitive.
Term
Graves Disease
Definition
Type II Hypersensitvity. The immune system makes too many antibodies that cause the thyroid gland to grow. Results in swelling of the neck and protrusion of the eyes due to an overactive thyroid gland
Term
Cryoglobulins
Definition
Results from Type III Hypersensitivity Raynaud phenomenon. The antibodies form complexes in the cold that are called Cryoglobulins.
Term
Atopic
Definition
A form of allergy in which a hypersensitivity reaction such as dermatitis or asthma may occur in a part of the body not in contact with the allergen
Term
Immunologically privileged sites
Definition
Certain sites of the human body have immune privilege, meaning they are able to tolerate the introduction of antigens without eliciting an inflammatory immune response.
Term
Hyperacute rejection
Definition
A rejection that usually develops immediately after the implantation of a vascular graft; may be caused by preformed, cytotoxic antibodies to the graft;
Term
Selective IgA deficiency
Definition
Common primary immune deficiency. Individuals are able to produce other classes of Immunoglobulins for fail to produce IgA. Many people are asymptomatic; it is not a sever disorder, may cause minor GI issues.
Term
Chediak Higashi Syndrome
Definition
A rare autosomal recessive disorder that arises from a mutation of a lysosomal trafficking regulator protein, which leads to a decrease in phagocytosis. The decrease in phagocytosis results in recurrent pyogenic infections, partial albinism and peripheral neuropathy.
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