Term
| components of a neurological examination (3) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| types of neurlogical reflexes assessed (3) |
|
Definition
| dtr, superficial, pathological (babinski, clonus, hoffman sign) |
|
|
Term
| these tissues when compressed produced a response: always (2) |
|
Definition
| skin, compressed nerve root |
|
|
Term
| these tissues when compressed produced a response: often (4) |
|
Definition
| outer annulus, vertebral end plate, dura, PLL |
|
|
Term
| these tissues when compressed produced a response: rare (4) |
|
Definition
| supraspinous ligaments, infraspinous ligaments, facet capsule, muscle attachment to bone |
|
|
Term
| these tissues when compressed produced a response: never (6) |
|
Definition
| ligamentum flavum, thoracolumbar fascia, facet synovium, facet cartilage, uninflamed nerve root/dura |
|
|
Term
| why does facet cartilage never cause pain? |
|
Definition
| made up of hyaline cartilage which is not innervated |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain percieved in the LE owing to involvement of the lumbopelvic tissue or viscera |
|
|
Term
| which pain is worse in referred pain? back or LE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pain from involvement of the nerve root complex itself |
|
|
Term
| which pain is worse in radicular pain? back or LE? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: 3 step process simply |
|
Definition
| irritation, inflammation, functional changes |
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: types of irritation (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: types of mechanical irritation(2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: types of chemical irritation |
|
Definition
| nucleus pulposus (thought to have chemotactic substances) |
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: intraneural inflammation presentatoin (4) |
|
Definition
| ischemia, edema, fibrosis, demyelination |
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: functional changes categories (2) |
|
Definition
| loss of nerve function, hyperexcitability |
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: loss of nerve function would present how? (2) |
|
Definition
| muscle weakness, sensory deficit |
|
|
Term
| mechanics of nerve root pathology: hyperecitability would present how? |
|
Definition
| pain (ectopic impulse generation) |
|
|
Term
| Nerve root irritation presents as (5) |
|
Definition
| pain below knee, SLR produces leg pain, excessive pain radiation with gentle spinal motion, leg pain greater than back pain, leg pain is clearly demarcated region |
|
|
Term
| nerve root compression would present how (4) |
|
Definition
| reflex changes, muscle weakness, muscle atrophy, sensory loss over defined dermatome |
|
|
Term
| nerve root compression signs are also known as... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| intervention for a pt with hard neural signs |
|
Definition
| consult to a neurosurgeon/orthopedic surgeon |
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: increased DTRs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: decreased DTRs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: spasticity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: flaccidity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: (+) Babinski/clonus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: (-) Babinski/Clonus |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: ataxia/incoordination |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: Dysthesias into both lowers or all foure extremities |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: non-dermatomal pattern |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: loss of bowel/bladder control (cauda equnia) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| UMN vs LMN Lesions: dermatomal/myotomal pattern |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common spinal levels for discogenic pathology |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why are L4-S1 disc mosts likely to be the source for discogenic pathology |
|
Definition
| most load bearing, most mobility |
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology of the lumbar spine occurs between what ages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| presence of radiculopathy is 95% sensitive for what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what actiosn may exacerbate symptoms of discogenic pathology? |
|
Definition
| coughing, sneezing, valsalva maneuver |
|
|
Term
| possible deformities involved in discogenic pathology (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sensitivity vs specificity. |
|
Definition
| sensitivity = true positive rate. specificity = true negative rate |
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: positive neurodynamic mobility tesitng: ipsilateral SLR before what angle |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: positive neurodynamic mobility tesitng: Ispilateral SLR before 60 degrees sensitivity/specificity |
|
Definition
| .80 sensitive/.40 specific |
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: positive neurodynamic mobility tesitng: crossed SLR sensitive/specific |
|
Definition
| .25 sensitivity/.9 specific |
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: positive neurodynamic mobility tesitng: 1st MTp extensor weakness sensitivity/specificity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: positive neurodynamic mobility tesitng: ankle plantar flexor weakness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if there is weakness without pain think... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| lumbar disc pathology and resulting nerve root compression depends on what |
|
Definition
| level and the direction of the disc pathology. |
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: 50% had recovery in how many weeks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: 70% had recovery in how many weeks |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: CT scanning has shown that what % of disc herniations may normalize or recover partially or completely with time? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: interventions (5) |
|
Definition
| posture correction, specific exercise, stabilization, traction, surgery |
|
|
Term
| discogenic pathology: when is surgery indicated? |
|
Definition
| after 6 mos without progress or earlier if presence of hard neurlogical signs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| end plate fracture with hernation of nucleus into adjacent vertebral body |
|
|
Term
| Schmorl's node is thought to be related to what? |
|
Definition
| compressive forces and associated with degeneration of the spine |
|
|
Term
| schmorl's node: symptomatic or asymptomatic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Degenerative Spinal Stenosis (DSS)/Neurogenic Claudication: What is it? |
|
Definition
| narrowing of spinal canal, nerve root canal (lateral recess), or intervertebral foramina |
|
|
Term
| Degenerative Spinal Stenosis (DSS)/Neurogenic Claudication: primarily associated with what population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Degenerative Spinal Stenosis (DSS)/Neurogenic Claudication: causes (4) |
|
Definition
| facet hypertrophy, loss of IVD height, IVD bulging, spondylolisthesis |
|
|
Term
| claudication/pseudoclaudication is caused by what |
|
Definition
| nerve compression with compromise of arterial supply or venous return |
|
|
Term
| Degenerative Spinal Stenosis (DSS)/Neurogenic Claudication: degenerative changes could be a result of what? |
|
Definition
| buckling and ossification of the ligamentum flavum |
|
|
Term
| Degenerative Spinal Stenosis (DSS)/Neurogenic Claudication: s/s (4) |
|
Definition
| myelopathy, bilateral pain and paresthesias in back, buttock, thighs, calves, and feet, pain that is decreased with flexion and increased with extension. pain increase with walking and releived with prolonged rest |
|
|
Term
| how to test for neurogenic vs intermittent vascular claudicaiton on a bike |
|
Definition
| seated upright vs slouched tolerance to biking. increased tolerance in slouched position = neurogenic |
|
|
Term
| how to test for neurogenic vs intermittent vascular claudicaiton on a treadmill |
|
Definition
| ambulation on level surface vs incline. if ambulation tolerance increases with incline = neurogenic |
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: bilateral pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: unilateral pain |
|
Definition
| may be neurogenic. neurogenic usually bilateral |
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: no burning dysthesias |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: burning/dysthesia in back, buttock, legs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: decreased pulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: normal pulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: skin changes in feet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: normal skin nutrition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: DTR's normal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: DTR's decreased or absent |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: appear in calf first |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: positive SLR/sciatica |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: appears in LB, buttock, and leg |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: pain present in all positions, increases by activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: increased pain with extension and walking |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: increased with up hill walking |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: decreased with uphill walking |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: relieved by standing still, sitting down, or rest 105 minutes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: relieved by sitting, lying down, or flexion movements |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: 40-60+ years old |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: caused by athersclerosis of peripheral aa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| neurogenic vs vascular claudicaiton: d/t neoplasm, disc protrusion, osteophyte formation, ligamentous thicking (ligamnetum flavum) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stenosis Interventions: directional exercises |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stenosis Interventions: posture modificaitons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stenosis Interventions: stretching of what mm |
|
Definition
| hip flexors, rectus femoris, lumbar paraspinals |
|
|
Term
| Stenosis Interventions: lumbar stabilization focusing on what mm (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Stenosis Interventions: 2 dx categories |
|
Definition
| traction, hip mobilization |
|
|
Term
| Stenosis Interventions: if PT interventions fail what is next for the pt? |
|
Definition
| nerve root injection/epidural or surgical decompression/laminectomy |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral neuropathy: where would pain be present |
|
Definition
| pain and numbness in feet and hands stocking/glove pattern |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral neuropathy: types of changes that may be present |
|
Definition
| motor, sensory, autonomic changes |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral neuropathy: these palpabel sign may be decreased depending on the underlying cause |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Peripheral neuropathy: relieved by what |
|
Definition
| rest, medication, relaxation techniques |
|
|
Term
| Peripheral neuropathy: can be caused by what (9) |
|
Definition
| diabetes, meds, nerve compression, nutritional deficiency, RA, systemic lupus erythmatosis, AIDS, cancer, alcoholism |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: 2 types |
|
Definition
| degenerative joint disease, acute facet entrapment |
|
|
Term
| capsular pattern of the lumbar spine |
|
Definition
| sidebending, rotation, extension |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: degenerative joint disease is due to what |
|
Definition
| part of normal aging and d/t wt bearing properties of facets |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: degenerative joint disease can look like this (5) |
|
Definition
| bone hypertrophy, capsular fibrosis, hyper mobility, hypo mobility, proliferation of synovium |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: DJD symptoms (3) |
|
Definition
| reduce mobility (capsular pattern), pain, possible nerve root impingement |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: dx of DJD |
|
Definition
| pain, film imaging in an oblique view |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: DJD clinical examination |
|
Definition
| quadrant test, foraminal closure, movmeent restriction (A and P same directions) SSMT (+), hx |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: DJD can present as this condition as well |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: djd mgmt (4) |
|
Definition
| meds, manipulaiton, stabilizaiton, address mm imbalances |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: djd mgmt meds (4) |
|
Definition
| NSAIDS, muscle relaxants, trigger point injections, oral or injeciton of steriods |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: DJD manipulations |
|
Definition
| non thrust and thrust manipulations |
|
|
Term
| why can unilateral damage hurt bilaterally? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: facet entrapment (acute locked back) is caused by what? |
|
Definition
| entrapment of fatty meniscoid in moving from flexion to extension |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: facet entrapment, which motion feels more comfortable? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: facet entrapment: which motino feels painful |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: clinical exam of facet entrapment (3) |
|
Definition
| lumbar quadrant test, movement restrictions, hx |
|
|
Term
| Facet joint conditions: facet entrapment mgmt |
|
Definition
| meds, thrust and non thrust manipulation |
|
|
Term
| slippage of on vertebral body and remainded of spinal column on segment below |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| defect/fracture of the pars "scotty dog deformity" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most common site for spondylolisthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why is an L5/S1 spondylolistehsis the most commmon site? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| most rapid slippage of a spondylolisthesis occurs between what ages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| gender more at risk for a spondylolisthesis |
|
Definition
| girls twice as common as boys |
|
|
Term
| how is a spondylolistehsis dx? |
|
Definition
| lateral, olbique, or flexion extension plain films |
|
|
Term
| what would a spondylolistehsis feel like palpation wise |
|
Definition
| step off deformity at segment above defect |
|
|
Term
| which direction specific exercises will releive sypmtoms of spondylolisthesis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inferior facet joint surface |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| superior facet joint surface/spinous process |
|
|
Term
| spondylolisthesis PT interventions (5) |
|
Definition
| stabilizatoin training, flexion exercises, bracing, stretching of RF and IlioP, traction |
|
|
Term
| if PT interventions fail for spondylolisthesis what is next for the pt? |
|
Definition
| surgical stabilization, fusion may be indcated |
|
|
Term
| 5 types of spondylolisthesis |
|
Definition
| congenital, isthmic, dgenerative, traumatic, pathological |
|
|
Term
| Spondylolisthesis: congenital |
|
Definition
| result of dysplasia of 5th lumbar and sacral arches |
|
|
Term
| Spondylolisthesis: isthmic |
|
Definition
| d/t a defect (acute fracture,stress fracture, elongation in the pars interarticularis) |
|
|
Term
| Spondylolisthesis: degenerative |
|
Definition
| affects older individuals most common at l4-L5 |
|
|
Term
| Spondylolisthesis: pathological d/t |
|
Definition
| disease process weakening the pars (tumor) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| systemic lupus, ankylosing spondylitis, gout, psoriatic arthritis, RA, fibromylagia |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid Diseases: types of anylosing spondylitis (3) |
|
Definition
| marie-stumpell, bechterew, rheumatoid spondylitis |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid Diseases: fibromyalgia (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosis: what type of disease |
|
Definition
| rheumatoid, progressive inflammatory disease |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosis: organ involvement |
|
Definition
| single or multiple organ involvement common |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosis: causes |
|
Definition
| genetic, hormonal, environmental |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosis: trademark sign |
|
Definition
| butterfly rash over nose and cheeks |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosis: medical tx (3) |
|
Definition
| steroids, immunosuppresive agents, salicylates |
|
|
Term
| systemic lupus erythematosis: PT focuses on what (2) |
|
Definition
| strengthening and soft tissue dysfunction |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: type of disease |
|
Definition
| rheumatoid, progressive inflammatory disease |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: affects what part of the skeleton first? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: initial complaints would be what (3) |
|
Definition
| mid/low back pain and AM stiffness and sacroilitis |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: spinal curvatures affected |
|
Definition
| TV kyphosis, decreased lumbar ROM |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: may affect which articulations |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: which gender is mroe affected |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: onset typically between what ages |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: meds |
|
Definition
| anti-inflammatory med management |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: PT intervention |
|
Definition
| increase back and rib motion, psoture correction |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: 1/5 questions to ask for dx |
|
Definition
| is there morning stiffness |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: 2/5 questions to ask for dx |
|
Definition
| there improvement in discomfort with exercise |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: question 3/5 to ask for dx |
|
Definition
| was the onset of back pain before the age of 40 years |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: question 4/5 to ask for dx |
|
Definition
| did the problem begin slowly? |
|
|
Term
| Ankylosing Spondylitis: question 5/5 to ask for dx |
|
Definition
| has the pain persisted for at least 3 months? |
|
|
Term
| ankylosing spondylitis: 5 questoins asked for dx, how many positive answers needed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ankylosing spondylitis: 5 questoins asked for dx, 4/5 postive answers. what is the sensitivity/specificity? |
|
Definition
| .95 sensitive/.85 specific |
|
|
Term
| Gout is what kind of disorder? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elevated serum uric acid with crystals and deposits into jts and systemic tissues |
|
|
Term
| gout tends to affect what joints? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| maintain jt function and pt education |
|
|
Term
| chronic inflammatory disorder associated with psoriasis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| psoriatic arthritis jt degeneration usually occurs in what? |
|
Definition
| fingers and axial skeleton |
|
|
Term
| psoriatic arthritis affects which population? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| psoriatic arthritis medical mgmt |
|
Definition
| gold compunds, nsaids, antimalarials |
|
|
Term
| psoriatic arthritis PT mgmt (3) |
|
Definition
| protect jt, maintain ROM, pt education |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: pattern of dysfunction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: affects which jts? (6) |
|
Definition
| knees, ankles, feet, hands, wrists, elbows |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: MCP/PIP invovlement common with formation of what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: MCP/PIP involvement common with what observation? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: population more likely to be affected |
|
Definition
| women 3x more likely than men |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: what must occur for ulnar drift and swan neck to occur in the fingers |
|
Definition
| destruction of the ligaments allows for tendons to pull into an ulnar direction |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: diagnostic guidelines, how many s/s must be present? and how long? |
|
Definition
| 4 must be present, with all 4 present a minimum of 6 weeks |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: diagnostic guidelines for RA (6) |
|
Definition
| morning stiffness 1+hours, arthritis of 3 or more of the following jts (R/L PIP, MCP, wrist, elbow, knee, ankle, and MTP jts), arthritis of wrist, MCP or PIP jt, symmetric involvement of jts, rheumatoid nodules over bony prominences, or extensors surfaces, or in juxtaarticular regions, postive serum rheumatoid factor, radiographic changes including erosoinos or bony calcification localized in or adjacent to involved jts |
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: juvenile type is present prior to what age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: how many juvenile RA pt's go into complete remission? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: how many adults ahve rheumatoid factor present? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: medical mgmt of RA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Rheumatoid arthritis: PT role |
|
Definition
| prevent deformities and maintain jt function |
|
|
Term
| Fibromyalgia: how is the differential dx from myofascial pain performed? |
|
Definition
| myofasical pain only affects one or 2 muscles |
|
|
Term
| Fibromyalgia: has a high association with what syndrome? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| patient education and progressive exercise program |
|
|
Term
| ACR dx guidelines for fibromyalgia: 1 |
|
Definition
| hx of widespread pain has been present for at least 3 months |
|
|
Term
| ACR dx guidelines for fibromyalgia: Pain is considered widspread when all of the following are present (3) |
|
Definition
| pain in both sides of the body, pain above and below the waist in addition, axial skeleton pain, low back pain is considered low segement pain |
|
|
Term
| ACR dx guidelines for fibromyalgia: 2) pain based on what digital palpation |
|
Definition
| 11 of 18 tender point sites on digital palpation |
|
|
Term
| tightness/spasm of this muscle produces compression of the sciatic nerve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Piriformis Syndrome: symptoms include (5) |
|
Definition
| limited IR, tenderness of piriformis, pain, referral to thigh, weak external rotation, positive piriformis test |
|
|
Term
| Piriformis Syndrome: PT role |
|
Definition
| stretching modalities, pt education |
|
|
Term
| disease may be related to a viral infection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metabolic bone disease with abnormal osteoclastic and osteoblastic activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Paget's disease: may result in (3) |
|
Definition
| spinal stenosis, facet hypertrophy, spinal fracture |
|
|
Term
| Paget's disease: med mgmt |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Primary types of bone tumors (6) |
|
Definition
| multiple myeloma, Ewing's sarcoma, malignant lymphoma, chondrosarcoma, osteosarcoma, chondromas |
|
|
Term
| metastatic types of bone tumors |
|
Definition
| lung, prostate, breast, kidney, thyroid |
|
|
Term
| Which type of bone tumor is highly unusual |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unrelenting and progressive pain, night pain, unresponsive to intervention, rest, or analgesics, weight loss |
|
|
Term
| Spinal Infection/Osteomyelitis most often affects what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal infection/Osteomyelitis: origins of infection may include (4) |
|
Definition
| other bones, skin lesions, respiratory infections, UTI's |
|
|
Term
| Spinal infection/Osteomyeltis: a history of what with an acute episode of low back pain should raise suspicisions? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal infection/Osteomyeltis: what are risk factors for infection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Spinal infection/Osteomyeltis: how could the pain be described? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metabolic bone disease with depleted bone mineral density/mass sometime associated with fractures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Osteoporosis: which population is more likely to be affected |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Osteoporosis: fracture sites include (7) |
|
Definition
| thoracic spine, lumbar spine, femoral neck, proximal humerus, proximal tibia, pelvis, distal radius |
|
|
Term
| Osteoporosis: primary type |
|
Definition
| postmenopausal related to decrease in estrogen levels |
|
|
Term
| Osteoporosis: senile type |
|
Definition
| related to decreased bone cells activity d/t genetics or other abnormalities |
|
|
Term
| Osteoporosis: PT role (5) |
|
Definition
| postural reeducation, breathing ex, conditioning, stretching, abdominal strengthening |
|
|
Term
| mgmt of a compression fracture (4) |
|
Definition
| rest, posture correction, medications, bracing if unresponsive to rest |
|
|
Term
| surgical tx of compression fracture |
|
Definition
| vertebroplasty/kyphpoplasty |
|
|
