Term
| Immediate innate immunity |
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Definition
-0-4 hours
-infection
-recognition by preformed, non-specific, and broadly specific effectors
-removal of infectious agent |
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Term
| early induced innate response |
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Definition
-4-96 hours
-infection
-recruitment of effector cells
-recognition of PAMPS, activation of effector cells and inflammation
-removal of infectious agent |
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Term
|
Definition
-96 hours
-infection
-transport of antigen to lymphoid organs
-recognition by naive B and T cells
-clonal expansion and differentiation to effector cells
-removal of infectious agent |
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Term
|
Definition
-mucosal surfaces (mouth, respiratory tract, GI tract, reproductive tract)
-external surfaces
-wounds and abrasions
-insect bites |
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Term
| sequence of events: infection |
|
Definition
-attachment
-physical barriers breached
-early induced response
-phagocytosis
-inflammation |
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Term
|
Definition
| influx of fluid and cells resulting in redness, swelling, heat, and pain at site of infection |
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Term
| sequence of events: inflammation |
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Definition
-macrophages in tissue encounter bacteria and release cytokines and chemokines
-vascular endothelial cells respond and express molecules on surface
-neutrophils follow chemoking gradient to site of infection
-selectins allow neutrophils to roll along endothelium
-neutrophils bind to endothelium
-extravasation |
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Term
| Mannose Binding Lectin (MBL) |
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Definition
-recognizes molecular patterns
-free protein in blood plasma
-complement activation |
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Term
|
Definition
| pathogen coating by antibodies and/or complement so that pathogens can more readily be taken up and destroyed by phagocytes |
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Term
|
Definition
-augments opsonization and killing of bacteria
-more than 30 different plasma proteins
-produced by liver
-inactive form called zymogen(must be cleaved to be activated in presence of pathogens) |
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|
Term
| 3 pathways of Complement activation |
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Definition
-Lectin Pathway
-Classical Pathway
-Alternative pathway |
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Term
|
Definition
| -mannose binding lectin recognizes and binds carbohydrates on pathogen surface |
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Term
|
Definition
| interaction with pathogen surface or antibodies bound to the pathogen surface |
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Term
|
Definition
| spontaneous creation of C3 convertases resultin gin the creation of C3a and C3b |
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Term
|
Definition
-complement circulating in form of zymogens
-surface pattern recognition (lectin, classical, alternative)
- all pathways generate C3 convertase cleaving the C3 zymogen into C3a and C3b
-effector molecules created |
|
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Term
|
Definition
-released
-promotes inflammation
-recruits phagocytes to site of infection |
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Term
|
Definition
-attaches to surface of the bacterial cell
-macrophages with C3b receptors more readily recognize and phagocytize the "opsonized" bacterial cell
-cleaves C5 |
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Term
|
Definition
-C5a: recruits, chemoattractant, inflammation
-C5b: opsonizes and participates in pore formation on bacterial cell surface. induces cell lysis |
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Term
|
Definition
-C3a and C5a
-many functions
-recruit
-trigger degranulation of mast cells: histamine release |
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