Term
| If one species prevents all members of another from utilizing a resource, causing them to go locally extinct, ___ (AKA ___) is taking place. |
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Definition
competitive exclusion
Gause's principle |
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Term
| Another word for the competitive exlusion principle is ___ principle. |
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Definition
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Term
| The more similar the niches of two species are, the ___ likely they can coexist. |
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Definition
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Term
| When two bacterial species, P. aurelia and p. caudatum, are placed in vitro, ___ dominates. |
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Definition
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Term
| A fundamental niche is defined by an organism's ___ capabilities, while its realized niche is defined by ___ with other species. |
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Definition
physiological
interactions |
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Term
| When a difference in competitors' behavior or morphological development causes them to coexist, ___ takes place. The two competitors use different resources. |
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Definition
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Term
| Character displacement is when ___ evolve due to competition. |
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Definition
| morphological differences |
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Term
| A predator kills its prey immediately, consumes multiple prey organisms and serves as an agent of ___ on prey populations. |
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Definition
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Term
| Most herbivores only consume part of the plant, thus are not "true" predators, who kill their prey immediately. Plants like grass are able to regrow, because of their ___ meristems. |
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Definition
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Term
| Cryptic species cannot be told apart ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a study discussed in class, snowshoe hare and Canadian lynx populations were measured by ___. |
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Definition
| the number of pelts sold by fur trappers |
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Term
| A population cycle consists of an ___ to a peak, a decline, and a ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| In a study discussed in class, it was discovered that snowshoe hare population was influenced by ___ and ___, NOT the quality of the food. |
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Definition
food supply
interspecies interactions with predators |
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Term
| An antipredator adaptation in deer is when they flash their ___. Muskox ___ as an antipredator adaptation. |
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Definition
flash their white tail
stay in large groups |
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Term
| Seed masting is seen in trees subject to ___ and is when ___. |
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Definition
herbivory
trees produce an abundance of seeds during specific years so that herbivores cannot out eat the next generation |
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Term
| Cicadas having ___ years, where they produce more offspring in certain years over others so that predators cannot eat them all. |
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Definition
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Term
| A species of gray tree frog from (H. versicolor) blends in with certain ___. A species of insect (Mimetica sp.) are insects that look like ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Crypsis, or cryptic coloration, are other words for ___. It is seen in animals like ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Crab spiders in Laguna Mountains, San Diengo are known for having cryptic coloration in ___ (H. californica). |
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Definition
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Term
| Some species of caterpillar (L. Ornatus, spicebush swallowtail, P. troilus, etc.) are known for their mimicry of ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| A species of South American lanternfly (P. lanternaria) mimic the head of a baby ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Snowberry Clearwing Hummingbird Moth is one of many insects which mimic the color of ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Adult Lepidopterans (AKA beautiful wood nymph) are known to mimic ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| ___ beetles (genus Brachinus) emit hyrdoquinone and hydorgen peroxide, stored in separate glands, as a defence mechanism. |
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Definition
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Term
| Many tropical amphibians have toxic ___ poison. |
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Definition
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Term
| Monarch butterflies are aposematic, meaning ___ advertising a bad taste. This prevents bluejays from eating them. |
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Definition
| they have a warning coloration |
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Term
| In Batesian mimicry a ___ (mimic) resembles a ___ (model). |
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Definition
nontoxic species
toxic species |
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Term
| In Mullerian mimicry, a number of aposematic species (meaning their colors advertise a bad taste) converge on a common ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| Gypsy moths (L. dispar) are known to be predators to ___ (5-15% defoliation) in eastern North America. |
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Definition
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Term
| Are defensive chemical compounds, like alkaloids and mustard oils, primary or secondary metabolites? |
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Definition
| secondary - they are not needed for survival |
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Term
| Things like proteins, nucleic acid, lipids, and carbs are examples of ___ metabolites, because they are needed for survival. |
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Definition
| primary (secondary metabolites are not needed for survival) |
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Term
| Locoweed contain the nuerotoxin swainsonine, a secondary metabolite, which are toxic to ___. |
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Definition
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Term
| The plant species Euphorbia produce ___ as a defence mechanism to trap insects. |
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Definition
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Term
| Honey locusts have spines that were thought to be a defence mechanism against ___ long ago. |
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Definition
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Term
| Many prey acquire chemical defense toxins from their ___. |
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Definition
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