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Lecture 3
Stony brook
20
Political Studies
Undergraduate 2
02/28/2012

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Cards

Term
Voting Importance
Definition

1. Most common form of participation

2. Potentially most important for of participation as well. STATE, NOT NATIONALISM

a. direct policy making by public referendum (votes to accept or reject proposals adopted by state legislature) and initiative (allows voters to place legislative proposals directly on the ballot. requires 5-15% signatures from prior elections)

b. indirect policy making by public voting for candidates.

Term
Party
Definition
Basic loyalities of electorate
Term
Issues
Definition
Raised by candidates or in voters minds.
Term
Campaigns
Definition
Formal efforts to win over potential supporters.
Term
Short term factors on elections
Definition

Affect outcome of a particular election.

ex. issues, scandals, war, economy.

Term
Long term factors on elections
Definition

Affects outcomes of several consecutive elections.

Ex. Party Identification or PID

Term

Party Identification

PID

Definition
Inclination to evaluate a party and its candidates favorably or psychological commitment to a party.
Term
Nonpartisan Ballot
Definition
Candidates don't have their party next to their name.
Term
Primary Election
Definition
Same party, just different people.
Term
Parents with 2 different Party ID
Definition
Child will follow mother's party ID.
Term
Party Realignment
Definition

A period when there is a sharp, lasting shift in popular coalition supporting  one or both parties.

ex. old party collapses and replaced by new one.

Term
Prospective Voting
Definition
Forward looking evaluations, may be relatively hard for voters.
Term
Retrospective Voting
Definition
Backward looking, generally easier to evaluate past than future for most voters.
Term
Incumbency advantage
Definition
Current office holders usually win re-elections.
Term

Incumbency advantage

Benefits

Definition

name familiarity

$$$

favors done for people

prior experience

Term
Primaries
Definition
Election party holds to select its candidates for general election ballot.
Term
General Election
Definition
Primary winnters and others contest for office.
Term
Closed Elections
Definition
Only registered party members participate
Term
Open Elections
Definition
Registered voters can participate in any party primary
Term

Blanket Elections

Definition
Lists candidates of all parties on one ballot.
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