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Definition
1. Most common form of participation
2. Potentially most important for of participation as well. STATE, NOT NATIONALISM
a. direct policy making by public referendum (votes to accept or reject proposals adopted by state legislature) and initiative (allows voters to place legislative proposals directly on the ballot. requires 5-15% signatures from prior elections)
b. indirect policy making by public voting for candidates. |
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Term
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Definition
| Basic loyalities of electorate |
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Term
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Definition
| Raised by candidates or in voters minds. |
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Term
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Definition
| Formal efforts to win over potential supporters. |
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Term
| Short term factors on elections |
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Definition
Affect outcome of a particular election.
ex. issues, scandals, war, economy. |
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Term
| Long term factors on elections |
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Definition
Affects outcomes of several consecutive elections.
Ex. Party Identification or PID |
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Term
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Definition
| Inclination to evaluate a party and its candidates favorably or psychological commitment to a party. |
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Definition
| Candidates don't have their party next to their name. |
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Definition
| Same party, just different people. |
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| Parents with 2 different Party ID |
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Definition
| Child will follow mother's party ID. |
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Definition
A period when there is a sharp, lasting shift in popular coalition supporting one or both parties.
ex. old party collapses and replaced by new one. |
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Definition
| Forward looking evaluations, may be relatively hard for voters. |
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Definition
| Backward looking, generally easier to evaluate past than future for most voters. |
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Definition
| Current office holders usually win re-elections. |
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Term
Incumbency advantage
Benefits |
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Definition
name familiarity
$$$
favors done for people
prior experience |
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Term
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Definition
| Election party holds to select its candidates for general election ballot. |
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Term
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Definition
| Primary winnters and others contest for office. |
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Term
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Definition
| Only registered party members participate |
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Term
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Definition
| Registered voters can participate in any party primary |
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Term
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Definition
| Lists candidates of all parties on one ballot. |
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