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Lecture 27
brock
14
Microbiology
Undergraduate 3
04/08/2014

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Term
constitutive
Definition
constant expression of a protein
Term
major groove
Definition
main site for protein binding to DNA
Term
inverted repeats
Definition
frequently the binding sites for regulatory proteins to bind to DNA
Term
helix-turn-helix structure

(turn = 3 amino acids)
Definition
common structure for DNA binding protein

consists of recognition helix that interacts with DNA, and a stabilizing helix
Term
zinc fingers
Definition
structure of DNA binding protein that binds a zinc ion and has an alpha helix that interacts with major groove of DNA
Term
leucine zipper
Definition
DNA binding protein structure with leucine residues every 7 amino acids

doesn't interact with DNA but holds 2 recognition helices in proper orientation to bind DNA
Term
negative regulation
Definition
block transcription
Term
positive regulation
Definition
activate transcription
Term
repression
Definition
preventing the synthesis of an enzyme in response to a signal

(typically affects anabolic enzymes)
Term
corepressor
Definition
molecule that binds to a repressor to change its conformation so it will repress transcription

substance that stops enzyme synthesis
Term
induction
Definition
enzyme is produced in response to a signal

(typically affects catabolic enzymes so they are made only when needed)
Term
inducer
Definition
molecule that binds to repressor that prevents it from repressing transcription

substance that promotes enzyme synthesis
Term
allolactose
Definition
inducer for lactose repressor
Term
effectors
Definition
inducers and corepressors collectively
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