Term
| aminoacyl-tRNA synthestases |
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Definition
| enzyme that link amino acid and tRNA together (requires ATP) |
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Term
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Definition
| 3 unpaired nucleotides at 3' end of tRNA ; added after transcription |
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Term
| covalent ester linkage to the ribose of adenine in acceptor (CAA) |
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Definition
| how is the amino acid attached to tRNA? |
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Term
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Definition
| site of protein synthesis |
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Term
| initiation, elongation, termination |
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Definition
| steps of protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| energy source of protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
| subunits of prokaryotic ribosomes |
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Term
30S contains 16S rRNA and 21 proteins
50S contains 5S and 23S rRNA and 31 proteins |
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Definition
| how many proteins and RNA is in each subunit of the prokaryotic ribosome? |
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Term
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Definition
| a free 30S ribosomal subunit reconizes a mRNA transcript, some initiation proteins and ______ to start transcription |
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Term
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Definition
| when 50S subunit adds to 30S subunit ___________ is formed |
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Term
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Definition
| what does start codon code for? |
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Term
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Definition
| ribosome binding site complementary to bases in the 16S rRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| location where incoming tRNA first attaches to ribosome (assisted by elongation factor) |
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Term
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Definition
| assists attachment of first tRNA to ribosome and helps P site |
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Term
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Definition
| where previous tRNA holds the growing polypeptide chain to the ribosome (uses GTP and elongation factors) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| protein release factors (RFs) |
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Definition
| cleave polypeptide from final tRNA during termination of translation |
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Term
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Definition
| complex of many ribosomes simultaneously translating a mRNA |
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Term
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Definition
| antibiotic that doesn't let prokaryotic ribosomal subunits separate |
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Term
molecular chaperone
chaperonins |
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Definition
assist protein folding and prevent the accumulation of misfolded proteins
also, refold partially denatured proteins |
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Term
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Definition
15-20 residues at beginning of protein (several positively charged residues, a central hydrophobic region, and a polar region)
tells the secretory system the that the protein is to be exported (stops it from completely folding inside the cell) |
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Term
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Definition
| binds to proteins that are to be fully exported across membrane and out of cell |
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Term
SRP
signal recognition particle |
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Definition
binds to proteins that are to be inserted into cell membrane
single protein + small noncoding RNA molecule |
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Term
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Definition
| removes the signal sequence to allow protein to fold |
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Term
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Definition
| signal sequence signals that a protein is to be exported so something binds to it causing it not to fold until exported |
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Term
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Definition
| transport already folded proteins out of cell |
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Term
| twin arginine translocase |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
protein that recognizes pair of arginine residues in a proteins signal sequence
carry the protein to TatA |
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Term
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Definition
| membrane transporter that uses proton motive force to export folded proteins that are brought to it by TatBC |
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