Term
| gradations of genetic control |
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Definition
| fixed action patterns, single gene influences, more flexible instincts |
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Term
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Definition
| highly sterotyped behavior, such as example of lice moving toward light then dropping when they sense sweat or moth predator avoidance using echo |
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Term
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Definition
| key aspect of an object that trigger a fixed action pattern |
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Term
| example of the garter snake food preference (single gene influence) |
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Definition
| coast snakes from environ. with a lot of slugs and inland snakes had no slugs; in lab 75% of coast snakes ate slugs, only 17% of inland. newborn coast snakes eat slugs, newborn inland will starve before eating slugs |
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Term
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Definition
| even complex behaviors can be changed by natural selection |
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Term
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Definition
| show someone a snake they generally have the same frightened response, even babies who have never seen a snake. |
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Term
| what happens when you show people (adults and babies) a snake? |
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Definition
| get scared, sweaty skin, higher heart rate |
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Term
| what about when you show someone a gun? |
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Definition
| no response in babies or cultures without gun |
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Term
| what happens when a rhesus monkey raised in captivity is shown a snake? |
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Definition
| no fear, but they learn fear if they see another monkey scared (oddly this will not happen with a flower) |
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Term
| what is unique about people from highland new guinea with snakes? |
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Definition
| they do not show fear of snake since they learn which snakes to be afraid of |
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Term
| what does the example of the new guinea reaction to snakes tell us? |
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Definition
| we may be able to modify our fear and capitalize on our big brains ability to alter the program |
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Term
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Definition
| many animal behaviors are stereotyped, invariable fixed action patterns triggered by signal stimulus, but many others are variable and may be modified |
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Term
| why is sociobiology controversial |
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Definition
| it implies that there are actions such as rape that people are not responsible for |
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Term
| what shortcuts does NS have for generating behavior |
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Definition
| releasers (subset of available info), imprinting during a critical period, supernormal stimulus |
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Term
| what happens when an old female squirrel is taken to another community? |
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Definition
| she still warns of predators despite no genetic relationships |
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Term
| ways to study animal behavior |
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Definition
| manipulation evaluation and comparative method |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| comparative method of studying animal behavior |
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Definition
| look across taxa, cross culture, identical twins |
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Term
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Definition
| we can evaluate heredity component to behaviors via 1. experimental manipulation and 2. cross culture and cross species and identical twin comparisons |
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