Term
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Definition
| Water flows unidirectionally over highly branched endothelium that is pervaded by blood capillaries. Some fast swimmers increase oxygen delivery by opening their mouths while swimming (such as sharks and tuna.) |
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Term
| flattened endothelial cells |
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Definition
| O2 and CO2 diffuse across these thin membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| cell in a dilute medium ; in interior of cell has higher concentration then outside |
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Term
| a concentration gradient results in |
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Definition
| water moving toward the highest concentration |
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Term
| Why are unicellular and small multicellular colonies considered isotonic? |
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Definition
| They are always in intimate contact with their environment. They can absorb nutrients directly into their cells and are constantly bathed in environmental fluids. |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 contributing factors that contribute water loss that affects osmotic balance |
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Term
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Definition
| derive their body heat from within through metabolic processes and retain it with insulation |
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Term
| why don't fish show large fluctuations of body temp |
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Definition
| large bodies of water don't show large amounts of fluctuation - environment doesn't fluctuate, neither does body temp |
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Term
| countercurrent exchange mechanism |
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Definition
| Arterial blood (a) that leaves the core dissipates heat to the venous blood (v) returning to the core instead of losing heat to the exterior environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| way of retaining heat in the core |
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Term
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Definition
| energy is converted to heat |
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Term
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Definition
| surface area to volume ratio - SA increases by square and V increases by cube |
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Term
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Definition
| has lowest SA:V - many species are aided in thermoregulation by having this shape |
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