Term
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Definition
| Central Carbon with COOH, NH3, H, AND R |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the amino group (+), carboxylate (-) physiological pH |
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Term
| All Amino Acids except Glycine, the alpha carbon is bonded to four groups |
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Definition
| carboxyl, amino, hydrogen, variable R |
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Term
| phydiologic pH (7.4) the carboxyl group is dissociated forming |
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Definition
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Term
| Amino Acids that have an asymmetric center at the alpha carbon can exist in two forms |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Left (Levo) and Right (Dextro) |
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Definition
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Term
| All aminos acids found in proteins are |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| found in some antibiotics, plants, and bacterial cell wall |
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Term
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Definition
| molecules cannot be superimposed on its mirror image |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| 19 of 20 common amino acids are |
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Definition
| chiral (nonsuperimposable) |
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Term
| All amino acids have S-absolute configuration except |
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Definition
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Term
| Amino Acids found in proteins are mostly |
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Definition
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Term
| D-amino acids found in plant and cell walls of microorganism but not |
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Definition
| in the synthesis of mammalian proteins |
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Term
| D-amino are found in the cell walls of |
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Definition
| gram negative bacteria polypetides |
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Term
| Ranked strength of bonds molecules |
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Definition
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Term
| Cell almost exclusively produce amino acids in L-isomer protein because |
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Definition
| allows for optimum secondary interactions |
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Term
| Chirality is important because |
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Definition
| confers greater stereo selectivity |
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Term
| Incorporation of D-amino acid in therapeutics |
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Definition
| makes the resistant to enzyme catalyzed breakdown |
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Term
| Most drugs today are produced as |
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Definition
| racemic mixtures - L and D form |
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Term
| Often only one enantiomer |
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Definition
| is therapeutically relevant |
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Term
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Definition
| glycine, alanine, valine, leucine, tryptophan |
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Term
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Definition
| isoleucine, methionine, proline, phenylalamine |
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Term
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Definition
| serine, glutamine, threonine, tyrosine, asparagine, cysteine |
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Term
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Definition
| aspartic acid, glutamic acid |
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Term
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Definition
| lysine, arginine, histidine |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Aliphatic amino acid, saturated carbon chain |
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Term
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Definition
| to small to have hydrophobic effects in proteins |
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Term
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Definition
| have saturated hydrocarbon chains |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| drives these amino acids away from solvent providing a strong driving force for protein folding |
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Term
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Definition
| aliphatic side chain is covalently linked to the amide nitrogen |
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Term
| Proline side chain and alpha amino N form a |
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Definition
| rigid five member ring structure |
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Term
| Tyrosine (OH) and Tryptophan (NH) |
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Definition
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Term
| Tyrosine/Tryptophan are able to from hydrogen bonds so |
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Definition
| more polar than phenylalanine |
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Term
| 3 aromatic aa's that absorv UV Light |
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Definition
| phenylalanine, tyrosine, tryptophan |
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Term
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Definition
| can be used to measure protein levels |
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Term
| Serine and Threonine are more polar |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| able to form hydrogen bonds |
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Term
| Cysteine contains sulfhydryl |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| relies on disulfide bonds |
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Term
| Positively charged amino acids |
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Definition
| lysine, arginine, histidine |
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Term
| Lysine, arginine, histidine 3 |
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Definition
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Term
| Histidine can bind or release |
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Definition
| protons near physiological pH |
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Term
| Histidine residues are frequently |
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Definition
| involved in enzyme catalysis |
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Term
| Aspartate (Asp) and Glutamate (Glu)2 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| A titration curve is a plot |
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Definition
| of the pH weak acid against the degree of neutralization of the acid by strong base |
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Term
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Definition
| weak acid + conjugate base |
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Term
| Maximum Buffering capacity |
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Definition
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Term
|
Definition
| have positive and negative charge |
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Term
|
Definition
| substances have dual nature |
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Term
|
Definition
| generally mean hydrophobic |
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