Term
typical applications of biomaterial
x4 (with examples) |
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Definition
replacement (total hip, heart)
abnormalities (spinal rod)
improve function (pacemaker, stent)
healing (sutures, drug deliver) |
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Term
Definition of biomaterial
x3 |
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Definition
- material used in medical device to interact with biological systems
- function replacement in a safe, reliable, economic and physiologically acceptable manner
- any substances (not drug), natural or synthetic, that treats, augments, or replaces tissue, organ or function
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Term
| Definition of biocompatibility |
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Definition
The ability of a material to perform with an appropriate host response in a specific application
must consider exposure time scale |
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Term
Material selection parameter
x6 |
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Definition
- mechanical
- thermal/electrical conductivity
- diffusion
- water absorption
- biostability
- biocompatibility
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Term
classes of biomaterials
x5 (with examples) |
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Definition
- Metals (stainless steel, titanium alloys)
- Ceramics (aluminum oxide)
- Polymers (silicones)
- Natural polymers (collagen gelatin elastin, silk, polysaccharides)
- Semiconductor
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Term
First generation implants
definition x3
examples x4 |
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Definition
1st generation:
- a solution designed for a specific problem
- specified by physicians using common and borrowed materials
- accidental success
wooden teeth, bone plates, glass eyes, cloth vascular implants
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Term
Second generation implants
definition x4
examples x4 |
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Definition
- engineered implants with common and borrowed materials
- collaboration of physicians and engineers
- with 1st generation XP
- advances in material science
titanium alloy detal, joint replacements, heart valves, pacemakers
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Term
Third generation implants
definition x4
examples x |
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Definition
- bioengineered materials
- few on market
- new polymeric devices
- under development
tissue engineered implants designed to regrow, not replace:
artifical skin, Genzyme cartilage cell, bone repair cements |
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