A relatively permanent change in an organisms behavior due to its enviroment.

• can profit from change
• adaption

• Lessens or diminishes

The process of linking events that occur close together. Helps to predict the immediate future. Example: Animals learn to associate things inportant to their survival.

Psychology should be:

• an objective science that studies behavior without reference to mental processes.
• inner thoughts, feelings, and motives should be discarded.

Unconditioned Response

(UR)

The unlearned, naturally occuring response to the unconditional stimulus.

• such as salivation when eating.

Unconditioned Stimulus

(US)

a stimulus that unconditionally triggers a response.

• naturally & automatic
• has NO relation yet.
• the food before being conditioned

Conditioned Response

(CR)

the learned response to a previously neutral stimulus.

• it is now learned
• the dog will salivate at the sight or sound of a CS

Conditioned Stimulus

(CS)

an originally irrelevant stimulus, that after an association with an unconditioned stimulus triggers a response.

• the bell tone or sight of an object that will now trigger a response.

the 1st stage in classical cond.; the phase of associating a neutral stimulus with an US so that the neutral stimulus comes to illicit a CR.

• initial learning

The diminishing responding that occurs when the CS(bell) no longer signals an impending US (food).

• sounding bell again and again without food.

the reappearance of the controlled response after a pause.

• the CR was just suppress not forgotten.
• The memory never disappeared.

the tendency, once a response has been cond., for similar stimuli to create the same response.

• a child has learned to fear moving cars. She will then fear trucks and motorcycles as well.

The learned ability to distinguish between a CS and a stimuli that does NOT signal an US.

• to be able to tell the difference between CSs
• this is an adaptive behavior.

an awareness of how likely it is that the US will occur.

• the thought process is now taken into consideration.

Learning to not eat something that cause an adverse reaction.

• Eating seafood caused me to become sick all night...I will not want to eat shrimp again.

• supports Darwin's principle that natural selection favors traits that aid survival.
• Learning enables animals to adapt to their environment.(Adaptation)
• Causes are often immediate.

• Will NOT occur if CS appears before CS
• Time lapse: not much only half a second
• helps an animal survival and reproduction
• signals an important event
• shows an animals adaptation

Pavlov

&

Watson

• underestimated the importance of a conscious of an organism's capacity
• Pavlov laid the foundation for Watson
• both thought that classical cond. is a basic form of learning by which all organisms adapt to their environment.
• Shows that learning can be studied objectively

Charles

Darwin

• assumed that all animals share a common evolutionary theory and commonalities in their makeup and functioning.
• An animal's capacity for condiotioning IS constrained by its biology.

Organisms associate their own actions with consequences.

• actions follwed by reinforcers;increase
• actions follwed by punishers; decrease
• CAN be controlled

Respondent

Behavior

Learning that certain events occur together.

• a response and its consequence.