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| Who said the following quote: "Good humor is one of the preservatives of our peace and tranquility." |
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| Who said the following quote?: "Were it not for my little jokes, I could not bear the burden of this office." |
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| Who said the following quote? "There is little success where this is little laughter." |
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| Who said the following quote: "If I had no sense or humor, I would have long ago committed suicide." |
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Definition
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| Who said the following quote: "A sense of humor is part of the art of leadership, of getting along with people, of getting things done." |
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Term
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Definition
| Humor increases perceived effectiveness, humor strengthens relationships, humor develops creativity, increases productivity, beats stress |
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Term
| ______ is a comic, absurd, or incongruous quality causing amusement. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ any comic or humorous incident or series of incidents. |
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Definition
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Term
| _____ is something said or done to provoke laughter or cause amusement. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sense of humor and ability to humor are different because... |
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Definition
| of different times and different tastes ("wings aren't always approrpriate at board meetings") |
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Term
| What are the four categories research divides humor into? |
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Definition
| Affiliative, self-enhancing, self-defeating, aggressive |
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Term
| ______ ______ is intended to amuse others as a way to facilitate relationships. It is about being connected, is generally positive and rarely has a target. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ ________ is the best type of humor to use in the workplace. It helps build and establish relationships with others and is positive — meaning there's no real target receiving the brunt punchline. It is welcoming of others and helps to make the office a better place. |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ ______ is intended to amuse others as a way to facilitate relationships. It is about being connected, is generally positive and rarely has a target. |
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Definition
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Term
| _______ ________ is the best type of humor to use in the workplace. It helps build and establish relationships with others and is positive — meaning there's no real target receiving the brunt punchline. It is welcoming of others and helps to make the office a better place. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ ________ is used as a way of finding amusement in life's hardships. It allows the humored to mentally overcome adversity. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ ________ is a close second to affiliative humor for its usefulness in the workplace. It is all about finding amusement in the various challenges and struggles that exist in the office place, and can be a way of combatting the stresses of the corporate world. |
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Definition
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Term
| Despite the word ______ is in the description, ________ ________ can also be shared effectively with other people. Using this humor can turn negative situations into positive ones by bringing the participants close together. |
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Definition
1. self
2. Self-enhancing humor |
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Term
| _________ _________ involves saying funny things at ones own expense. It is a way of humbling oneself in front of others in order to gain approval. |
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Definition
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Term
| With ________ ________ can be considered more in the negative category. Whereas affiliative and self-enhancing humor are target-less, this type has a target and that target is you. It is about poking fun at yourself as a way to humble yourself as a way to humble yourself or gain approval or acceptance. |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ ________ is the most negative of the four types of humor. It has someone or something else as a target and it's used to attack the credibility, beliefs or even existence of that target. This humor has a place in the world — things like satire and sarcasm can be effective means of pointing out the absurdities of some situations, and it can get people to think in a new way. It can also serve as catharsis for those in oppressive circumstances. |
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Definition
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Term
| The problem with _______ _______ in the workplace is that while it can help people blow off steam, it does so at someone's expense. If you work for a terrible boss, it might relieve some stress to do insulting impressions of him behind his back, but it doesn't improve the situation. Better to use self-enhancing humor as a way of improving your situation. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the breakdown of the humor MAP? |
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Definition
M-medium in which you deploy humor
A-audience to whom you present humor
P-purpose for why you are using humor |
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Term
| The only appropriate time to use humor is when these three things align. |
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Definition
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Term
| It is ____________ to use humor when only two out of three of the following align: Time, target and subject. |
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Definition
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Term
| It is ___________ to use humor when only one of the following align: Time, target and subject. |
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Definition
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Term
| It is _______ to use humor when none of the following align: Time, target and subject. |
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Definition
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Term
| A ______ consistently uses humor regardless of whether it's effective of whether it's effective in that situation, and never shuts it off. In fact, the clown spends more time clowning than getting any actual work done. Other people see this person as lazy or incompetent, and even if the clown makes a good point, it's often missed because no one takes him seriously any more. |
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Definition
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Term
| A _______ uses humor that is targeted at a person or group of people and makes them feel inferior while making himself (and the people who laugh) feel superior (IE they only use only agressive humor). It's a particularly dasterdly type of this behavior because it takes something as powerful as humor and usess it for nefarious purposes. Other people see this negative demeanor and it affects the persons ability to lead effectively. |
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Definition
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Term
| Explain Kostler's Theory of Biociation. |
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Definition
| Two people have two different beliefs in the same thing or action that coexist within one reality. Because of that it means two different things to the parties, and when they "intersect" can have two reactions at the same time. This double-meaning thing or action is then in biociation with the two. IE An american looks another person in the eyes as a sign of respect. In chinese culture this is a sign of disrespect. The action is looking eachother in the eyes. The biociation is the reality of it being respectful in one culture and disrespectful in another. |
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Term
| When did Koestler's theory of bisociation get released? |
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Definition
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Term
| When did Edward T. Hall's theory get released? |
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Definition
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Term
| "Expect the unexpected" has to do with which person we studied? |
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Definition
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Term
| 'Displacement" has to do with which person we studied? |
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Definition
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Term
| When did Bateson release his studies? |
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Definition
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Term
| In Bateson's displacement explanation, establishing a ________ _______ promotes a congenial atmosphere of happiness, lightness, even laughter. |
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Definition
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Term
| According to Bateson, Humor also requires a _______ and a "______ _____," which is a climax to the story that features an unexpected and incongruous reversal, a displacement. |
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Definition
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Term
| How does bisociation and humor as play connect? |
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Definition
| The model has two separate but coexisting realities: This is real, this is unreal. In the middle is a creative conflict solution, which is the punchline of a joke. |
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Term
| Humor is a complex form that allows us to investigate the dynamics of change and restistance to change regarding what 5 things? |
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Definition
| Identity, Authority, Belonging, Power, and Imagination. |
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Term
| What are the three conventional responses to conflict? |
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Definition
| Symmetrical-adversarial (fighting back), Complementary-adversarial (asserting victimization), Avoiding (withdrawing from conflict) |
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Term
| Taking such an approach is never easy, but it becomes easier when I fully understand that a defensive-offensive reaction is a collaboration (and I do not want to collaborate) and that the other person cannot perform his dance of conflict without my collaboration. This describes the: |
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Definition
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Term
| Replacing the ambiguity-tolerance model with bisociation-displacement replaces accepting ambiguity with _______ _______, openmindedness with ________ and ______, avoiding negative emotions with __________________, and difference with ________. |
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Definition
| Accepts bisociation, play and humor, negative emotions are good, and otherness. |
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Term
| ____________ argues humor is a serious strategy of nonviolent resistance to oppression. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________is a response to power tthat challenges oppression and domination. |
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Definition
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Term
| Prolonged cruel or unjust treatment, which changes across time and space. |
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Definition
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Term
| Anything that causes amusement from a joke, story, play, skit, movie, or book to a way of acting or a slogan in a demonstration. It can be based on irony, satire, parody or ridicule |
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Definition
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Term
| Almost all humor is based on ___________ and ________ .... Generally, what causes amusement is when things are turned upsidedown or when things are no longer as we perceive them. |
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Definition
| Contraditions and incongruity |
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Term
| _______ is a network of students/young people in Serbia formed to go against the policies of Serbia Authorities. It was started in October 1998. It created visibility by using clenched fist. It used humor to show absurdity. Humor made the group "cool." Humor helped reduce the rear of the regime for the group. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three functions of humor as nonviolent resistance? |
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Definition
1. Facilitating outreach and mobilization
2. Facilitating a culture of resistance
3. Turning oppression upside down |
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Term
| Facilitating outreach and mobilization is one of the functions of humor as nonviolent resistance. What relationship is this exactly? |
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Definition
| The relationship with people outside the movement |
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Term
| Facilitating a culture of resistance is one of the functions of humor as nonviolent resistance. What relationship is this exactly? |
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Definition
| The relationship with people inside the movement |
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Term
| Turning oppression upsidedown is one of the functions of humor as nonviolent resistance. What relationship is this exactly? |
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Definition
| The relationship between the oppressor and oppressed. |
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Term
| How does humor work within facilitating outreach and mobilization? |
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Definition
| Humor can attract more members, makes it fun to be involved, and brings energy |
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Term
| How does humor work within facilitating a culture of resistance? |
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Definition
| Humor breaks down isolation, creates solidarity and group identity and creates a need that something must be done about the status quo |
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Term
| How does humor work within turning oppressin upside down? |
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Definition
| Humor used is confrontational, reduces fears within the resistance movement, reduces oppressors options for reacting in a way s/he can justify later |
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Term
| "The communists came to power with blood, so we will not leave power without blood." Who said this? |
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Definition
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Term
| When the nonviolent resisters use humor, something important happens. What? |
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Definition
| Violence becomes hard to justify and makes the oppressor look ridiculous |
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Term
| Because the "serious mode" is the common mode of interaction, dictators expect to be taken seriously. When a group like OTPOR ignores this general rule by using the "humorous" mode instead, they gain power because they're more familiar with the new "rules of the game." This is referring to |
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Definition
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Term
| Who are some common Americans who have used forms of Laughtivism and on what topics? |
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Definition
| Jon Stewart, on crossfire, later on the Case of health care for 9/11 responders (in 2010 congress floated a bill to provide health care to 9/11 first responders) |
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Term
| Why should we study humor? |
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Definition
| Humor is a useful tool in promoting social change. (In laughing together, people identify with shared cultural meanings) |
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Term
| The growing use of team-based work + increasing diversity = ________ instances of miscommunication and interpersonal conflict. |
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Definition
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Term
| Use of workplace humor is increasingly viewed as a useful tool to ______ critical situations, ______ stress, ________ communication, and _______ group cohesion. |
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Definition
| defuse, reduce, improve, increase |
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Term
| Use of humor and how one chooses to resolve conflict are ____________ bound. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are a few of the research questions regarding humor? |
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Definition
| In a conflict situation who is likely to use humor? What does demographic similarity play in predicting use of humor in conflict situations? What is the nature of the relationship between humor and the five conflict management strategies? When using humor for conflict management who is likely to use humor and with humor? |
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Term
| How were the humor research questions researched (What was the method?) |
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Definition
| Survey sent to 6,200 flight attendants employed by a large, international airline based in the USA |
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Term
| What were some of the humor research hypotheses? |
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Definition
| Men would use more humor than women, whites will use it more than minorities, ages/demographic/etc will all relate, |
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Term
| Primary functions of humor when dealing with conflict are: |
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Definition
| Coping, reframing-mirroring reality, celebrating, communicating ambiguity, expressing hostility |
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Term
| How do the 5 conflict styles relate to the 5 primary functions of humor when dealing with conflict: |
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Definition
Avoiding-coping
Accommodating-celebrating
Compromising-Communicating ambiguity
Competing-expressing hostility
Collaborating- reframing-mirroring reality |
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Term
| These people see negotiation as too close to competition, so they choose a gentle style of bargaining. The offers they make are not in their best interests, they yield to others' demands, avoid confrontation, and they maintain good relations with fellow negotiators. Their perception of others is one of friendship, and their goal is agreement. They do not separate the people from the problem, but are easy on both. They avoid contests of wills and will insist on agreement, offering solutions and easily trusting others and changing their opinions. |
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Definition
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Term
| These people use contentious strategies to influence, utilizing phrases such as "this is my final offer" and "take it or leave it." They make threats, are distrustful of others, insist on their position, and apply pressure to negotiate. They see others as adversaries and their ultimate goal is victory. Additionally, they will search for one single answer, and insist you agree on it. They do not separate the people from the problem (as with their opposite bargainers), but they are tough on both the people involved and the problem. |
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Definition
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Term
Participants are friends. The goal is agreement. Make concessions to cultivate the relationship. Be easy on the people and the problem. Trust others. Change your position easily. Make threats. Disclose your bottom line. Accept one-sided losses to reach agreement. Search for the single answer: the one they
will accept. Insist on agreement. Try to avoid a contest of will. Yield to pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| Participants are adversaries. The goal is victory. Demand concessions as a condition of the relationship. Be hard on the problem and the people. Distrust others. Dig in to your position. Make offers.Mislead as to your bottom line. Demand one-sided gains as the price of agreement. Search for the single answer: the one you will accept. Insist on your position. Try to win a contest of will. Apply pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| Understanding the other side's thinking is not simply a useful activity that will help you solve your problem. Their thinking is the problem. This is what? |
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Definition
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Term
| Partisan perceptions, hostile emotions, and unclear communication, as well as to identify your interests and those of the other side are what. |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the three basic categories of people problems? |
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Definition
| perception, emotion and communication. |
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Term
| How do you see from someone else's perception? |
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Definition
| Put yourself in their shoes |
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Term
One way to deal with ________ _________ is to make
them explicit and discuss them with the other side. |
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Definition
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Term
| Perhaps the best way to change other people's perceptions is |
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Definition
| to send them a message different from what they expect. |
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Term
| Give them a stake in the outcome by making sure they participate in the process. This is a problem-solving process for what issue? |
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Definition
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Term
| Face-saving: Make your proposals consistent with their values. What does this entail and why is it used? |
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Definition
Used for differing perceptions and face-saving involves reconciling an agreement with principle and with the self-image of
the negotiators. Its importance should not be underestimated. |
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Term
| What is the difference between interest and positions? |
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Definition
| Desires and concerns are interests. Interests motivate people; they are the silent movers behind the hubbub of positions. Your position is something you have decided upon. Your interests are what caused you to so decide. |
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Term
| Why are interests important with regards to conflict management? |
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Definition
| Interests define the problem. The basic problem in a negotiation lies not in conflicting positions, but in the conflict between each side's needs, desires, concerns, and fears. |
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Term
| its better to be ____ on the problem and _____ on the people |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the four steps of the circle chart? |
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Definition
1) Problem: Look at current symptoms
2) Analysis: Diagnose the problem
3) Approaches: Generate broad strategies to solve the problem
4) Action ideas: Think of direct actions to address the problem |
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Term
| If trying to settle differences of interest on the basis of will has such high costs, the solution is to negotiate on some basis independent of the will of either side — that is, on the basis of |
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Definition
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Term
| Approaching agreement through discussion of_______ ________ also reduces the number of commitment that each side must make and then unmake as they move toward agreement. |
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Definition
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Term
| Рeople using _________ _______ tend to use time more efficiently talking about possible standards and solutions. |
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Definition
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Term
| What does BATNA stand for? |
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Definition
| Best Alternative to a Negotiated Agreement |
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Term
| How can you develop your BATNA? |
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Definition
| (1) inventing a list of actions you might take if there is no agreement (2) improving some of the more promising ideas and converting them into practical alternatives (3) selecting, tentatively, the one option that seems best. |
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Term
| What is negotiation jujitsu referring to? |
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Definition
| Avoiding getting locked into a side through defending it by "sidestepping" an opponents "attack" |
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Term
| In negotiation jujuitsu, what are the manuevers your opponent will use against you? |
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Definition
| Asserting their position forcefully, attacking your ideas, and attacking you |
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Term
| In negotation jujitsu, what are the manuevers you can make? |
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Definition
| Don't accept or reject their position, Don't defend your ideas, invite criticism and advice, Recast an attack on you as an attack on the problem, Ask questions and pause |
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Term
| Getting them to play is a case study about what |
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Definition
| A negotiation between a landlord and tenant should give you a feel for how you might deal with a party who is reluctant to engage in principled negotiation. |
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Term
| What is the getting them to play case study about? |
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Definition
| It looks at a real life negotiation between a man and his landlord and the fact the landlord has been overcharging him 67 a month. He then "invites her to play" through unique negotiation tactics, allowing her to correct him and treating most of it in questions. |
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Term
| Tricky tactics can be divided into three categories: |
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Definition
| deliberate deception, psychological warfare, and positional pressure tactics |
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Term
These are examples of what type of tricky negotiation tactics?:
Phony facts. Ambiguous authority. Dubious intentions. |
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Definition
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Term
| These tricky negotiation tactics are designed to make you feel uncomfortable, so that you will have a subconscious desire to end the negotiation as soon as possible. |
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Definition
| Psychological warfare tactics |
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Term
These are examples of what type of tricky negotiation tactics?:
Prejudiced surroundings. Personal attacks. Good guy bad guy routine. Threats. |
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Definition
| Psychological warfare tactics |
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Term
| These are examples of what type of tricky negotiation tactics?: Refusal to negotiate. Pressure tactics. Extreme demands. Escalating demands. Lock-in tactics. Hard hearted partner routine. Calculated delay. Take it or leave it. |
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Definition
| Positional pressure tactics |
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Term
| This kind of bargaining tactic is designed to structure the situation so that only one side can effectively make concessions. |
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Definition
| Positional pressure tactics |
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Term
| Perhaps the most common form of dirty trick is misrepresentation about facts, authority, or intentions. |
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Definition
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