Term
| What kind of a crisis are we in? |
|
Definition
| Crisis of PORTABLE energy |
|
|
Term
| What is the sequence of emotional reactions? |
|
Definition
1. Surprise and Shock
2. Denial of Problem
3. Anger
4. Bargaining "Give me more time"
5. Depression
6. Acceptance or Surrender
7. Adaptation and Creative Action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Abundant and portable energy |
|
|
Term
| Why is the oil crisis emotional? |
|
Definition
| Because it relates to your lifestyle. |
|
|
Term
| What are the 4 distinct crises? |
|
Definition
1. Global Warming
2. Peak Production Total Energy
3. Peak Production Portable Energy
4. Peak Other Resources (bees, rains, fish, top soil, fertail land, Water, gold, uranium, phosfurous) |
|
|
Term
| Put the four distinct crises in order from least to greatest. |
|
Definition
1. Global Warming
2. Peak Production Total Energy
3. Peak Production Portable Energy
4. Peak Other Resources (bees, rains, fish, top soil, fertail land, Water, gold, uranium, phosfurous) |
|
|
Term
| What is the imminence of global warming? |
|
Definition
| Appraching (5 to 10 years) |
|
|
Term
| What is the imminence of Peak Production total energy? |
|
Definition
| Approaching (10-15 years) |
|
|
Term
| What is the Imminence of Peak Production Portable Energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the imminence of Peak Other Materials (bees, grains, fish, top soil, fertile land, water, goal, uranium) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why is the imminence of Peak Production Portable Energy -3? |
|
Definition
| Some stuff is already post peak |
|
|
Term
| What is the impact of global warming? |
|
Definition
| GRADUAL over 10-100+ years |
|
|
Term
| What is the impact of Peak Production Total Energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the impact of Peak Production Portable Energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the impact of Peak other materials? |
|
Definition
| CATASTROPHIC Can be exacerbated by 1-3 (If you dont' solve this you probably won't solve the others) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Yes, most of us take it for granted but it is an ecosystem in itself |
|
|
Term
| What is the scale of consumption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the world energy consumption today in quads? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the world energy consumption today in BTU? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the world energy consumption today in kW-hour? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the world energy consumption today in Watt-year? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the world energy consumption today in J? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the total US energy consumption in quads? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the total US energy consumption in J? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the US's share of the world population? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the US's share of energy production? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the US's share of energy consumption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Maximum production of an energy source after which production declines indefintely forever. |
|
|
Term
| Describe the Global Energy Mis of Oil, Coal, Gas, Hydro, Nuclear, and Other |
|
Definition
Oil 36%
Coal 29%
Gas 24%
Hydro 6%
Nuclear 6%
Other 1% |
|
|
Term
| When will we globally peak if we don't increase rate of wind, solar, etc? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a car's fuel tank like? |
|
Definition
| (Right angle graph) You can drive at full speed until the moment you run out of fuel |
|
|
Term
| Why are you in trouble when you reach half of your oil resource? |
|
Definition
| Because you need to slow down |
|
|
Term
| Where and when was the first oil well? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many barrels of oil were there before any drilling? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| By 2008 how many barrels have we used up? |
|
Definition
| Used up about 1 trillion; SOOOOOOO we're near the half-way point |
|
|
Term
| The Civil War was like a fight for... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did we find as the civil war was starting? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is oil like pre-peak? |
|
Definition
| You have a lot of wells, you keep discovering more. |
|
|
Term
| What do you need to do once you are post peak? |
|
Definition
| Must reduce consumption or find another source. |
|
|
Term
| How close are we to an oil peak? |
|
Definition
| We are at peak or within 10-15 years away from oil peak. |
|
|
Term
| What did the geogolgist Hubbert predict? |
|
Definition
| That the oil extraction for the US lower 48 states would peak in 1970. |
|
|
Term
| When did US oil production peak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How did people initially react to Hubbert's prediction? |
|
Definition
| Wanted to surpress Hubbert's predictions because US doesn't want to believe a "party pooper." |
|
|
Term
| What is in between producers and consumers in the oil industry? |
|
Definition
| Oil contracting, bidding, etc. |
|
|
Term
| Oil DISCOVERIES in the US peaked in 1930. What happened 40 years later? |
|
Definition
| US oil production peaked. |
|
|
Term
| Were certain US states/regions already post-peak oil in 1956? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When was the US discovery peak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What information did Hubbert use to make his prediction about peak oil? |
|
Definition
| In the lower 48 states the peaks in DISCOVERY happened in the 1930s so Hubbert realized we were producing a lot but not replacing new discoveries |
|
|
Term
| When was the WORLD oil DISCOVERY peak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can you compare a discovery peak to? |
|
Definition
| An easter egg hunt. Quickly find a lot but then the rate you find them decreases. |
|
|
Term
| When did US oil production peak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How much does the US produce of it's peak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do we know from Global Discovery peaks? |
|
Definition
| That we will peak oil in 5-10 years |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries (Community of oil exporters - "How can we maximize profit?") |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Good quality is already post peak
2. Looking at rate of decline at plants and new plants
3. Looked at individual fields and made projections
4. Peak oil is imminent will happen in < 5 years
5. Decline after peak will be > 5% years
6. Good quality oil is already post peak
7. Rate of flow - easier to verify from fields
|
|
|
Term
| Who collects reserve data in the Middle East? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who does Saudi Arabia report their reserves to? |
|
Definition
| IEA; but nobody knows the real data besides the government |
|
|
Term
| Why are net oil exports decreasing? |
|
Definition
| Some producers are using more of their own oil so they have less to export to us |
|
|
Term
| On the Green, yellow, and red chart, why was there a BIG JUMP in oil reserves around 1988? |
|
Definition
| Made Rule: the people with more reserves are able to produce more, therefore the reported reserves JUMPED (more production, more $) |
|
|
Term
| What is strange about the OPEC Reserves chart? |
|
Definition
| Reserves are not declining. Reserves should be depleting. SUSPISCIOUS |
|
|
Term
| What does USGS report with their forecasts? |
|
Definition
| Making predictions taht we will make more discoveries that is even more than we are coming so we will add to our reserves. VERY OPTIMISTIC. |
|
|
Term
| What does EROEI refer to? |
|
Definition
| The ratio of the amount of energy in the fuel AND the amount of energy spend on getting the fuel: exploration, drilling, pumping, transportation and refining |
|
|
Term
| What was oil's EROEI before 1950? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was oil's EROEI in 1979? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was oil's EROEI in 2005? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the EROEI of the Tar Sands? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why are we using oil from the tar sands if it has a low EROEI? |
|
Definition
| We've run out of the good EROEI places so we have to use this stuff |
|
|
Term
| What's up with the Tar Sands? |
|
Definition
| In Canada; oil mixed with sand and you need to remove the sand which required natural gas; may build nuclear power plants to refine oil in the tar sands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Total mass of energy providing material. e.g. oil, coal, gas, wind turbine, PV modules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy produced per unit mass |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| E out - E in = E in [Eout/Ein - 1] |
|
|
Term
| Peak oil is not just supply but also |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| subtract what you put in to find that barrel |
|
|
Term
| In the world, how many barrels do we burn for every one barrel discovered? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| If you had 15 Gigabarrels/year in the 1960s and once again we have 15 Gigabarrels/year in 2015, why is it worse in 2015? |
|
Definition
| You have more people, more GDP; you have more people so you need more energy |
|
|
Term
| How many barrels of oil does the world use per year? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is a problem with the Tar Sands? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Drill as much as you want, it doesn't matter because... |
|
Definition
| it won't solve the problem. |
|
|
Term
| What are myths about saviors? |
|
Definition
1. Canadian sands will save us
2. More drilling and exploration will save us
3. Coal to liquids
4. Shale, Methane Hydrates
5. Biofuels
6. Renewables
IT WON'T SAVE US! |
|
|
Term
| When will we reach our oil peak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can we reach out peak in -4 years? |
|
Definition
| Some of the best quality oil has already peaked |
|
|
Term
| When will net total surplus energy for all uses peak? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Everywhere! Get naked and hover if you don't want to have anything to do with oil. |
|
|
Term
| What are some reasons we believe there is a near peak in oil? |
|
Definition
- Rate of flow: Field by field analysis shows we are close to peak
- Discoveries peak
- Burning more than we discover
- EROEI is down |
|
|
Term
| What are some diffferent fuels and products oil can be refined into? |
|
Definition
| Gas, Naphtha, Gasoline, Kerosene, Diesel, Lubricants |
|
|
Term
| What does this mean "No easy scalable substitute for oil." |
|
Definition
| You can substitute in small quantities but not in the quantities that we need |
|
|
Term
| Fill up a cube with all the oil we use in a year. How big will it be? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
If we ran each of these power plants for 50 years, how many would we need of each to each oil consumed per year?
Hydro
Nuclear
Coal
Wind
Solar |
|
Definition
Hydro - 4
Nuclear - 52
Coal - 104
Wind 32,850
Solar 91,250,800 |
|
|
Term
| How many nuclear plants are in the US? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Does oil have a high energy per unit mass? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1 gallon of oil is how many kWhr? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the world yearly consumption of oil? |
|
Definition
| 31 GBa/yr = 4.216 Gtoe = 5.593TW-yr/yr |
|
|
Term
| What is the US yearly consumption of oil? |
|
Definition
| 7.665 Gba/yr = 1.04244 Gtoe/yr = 1.382 TW-yr/yr = 3 times the US yearly electricity consumtion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1 Ba = 42 gallons = ? toe |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 1 Ba = 0.136 x 4.1836 x 10 e 10 J = 5.6896 GJ = MW-hr? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is wealth for a mushroom? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is wealth for humans? |
|
Definition
| Wealth for humans is a certain type of order in the nearby environment. Of course this means creating more disorder elsewhere. |
|
|
Term
| What is wealth for humans? |
|
Definition
| Wealth for humans is a certain type of order in the nearby environment. Of course this means creating more disorder elsewhere. |
|
|
Term
| Does wealth depend on species? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does material wealth mean? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the US population? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are 3 things that are related to material wealth? |
|
Definition
1. CLAIM - an individual's claim on human, plant, or animal output
2. PURPOSE or INTENT for final consumption
3. ORDER - for socieities it is a type of desired order within humans and the environment |
|
|
Term
| Is $ relevent to wealth in this discussion? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Do all humans agree on wealth? |
|
Definition
| No, one man's richness is another man's poverty: ex. baseball in US does not appeal in Japan - they want sumo wrestling |
|
|
Term
| Are intent and order connected? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What's something that causes problems with wealth? |
|
Definition
| When people claim the same thing it causes problems. |
|
|
Term
| In claim, is distribution of claim always evenly distributed? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many barrels does US use every day? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many barrels of oil does China use per day? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How many barrels does the WORLD use per YEAR? |
|
Definition
| 30 Billion barrerls per year |
|
|
Term
| Claims are different that what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are some things that people agree on that are signs of order? |
|
Definition
1. Long life
2. Higher education
3. Disease free life
4. Low crime |
|
|
Term
| What do we want to minimize in this formula dF = dU - TdS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do we want to minimize in this formula dF = dU - TdS? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is sustainable GDP growth with decreasing energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Life and material richness is impossible without what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the formula that shows that natural systems want to minimize dF. (Free energy) |
|
Definition
dF = dU - TdS
free energy = energy stored - entropy |
|
|
Term
| If we want to oppose this trend we need constant input of energy. What is the formula? |
|
Definition
dQ = dU + dW
dQ = useful work + desired work |
|
|
Term
| You can do efficiency but you can't sustain your GDP on what? |
|
Definition
| efficiency (reducing wasted energy) |
|
|
Term
| Since entropy always goes up, what happens with free energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| (Graph) As Russia grows it's GDP what happens? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| you can trade it for whatever you want |
|
|
Term
| You can't build a high GDP country just by doing what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What can NOT be said about GDP vs. Consumption at a Fixed time? |
|
Definition
| Can't say I have very little energy and high GDP. |
|
|
Term
| In the GDP vs. Energy Consumption at a Fixed Time graph Saudi Arabia in partly lowish right. Explain. |
|
Definition
| Using a lot of oil but not generating a lot of wealth (doing wasteful work; wasting energy.) |
|
|
Term
| In the GDP vs. Energy Consumption at a Fixed Time graph what is going on with the US? |
|
Definition
| Uses a lot of oil per person, high income |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Total mass of energy providing material e.g., oil, coil, gas, wind turbine, PV modules |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Energy produced per unit mass; E out = TM x EPM |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| NSE = E out - E in = E in [Eout/Ein - 1] |
|
|
Term
| Based on NSE, what are we running out of? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which occupations are threatened? |
|
Definition
| All occupations in society that do not generate NSE are threatened. |
|
|
Term
| What goes down in a recession? |
|
Definition
| GDP and energy use both go down |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| because cheap oil is available |
|
|
Term
| Why are airlines shutting down? |
|
Definition
| Oil used to cost $15-20 per barrel ten years ago now it's $75 per barrel so air lines are shutting down |
|
|
Term
| We no longer have a "Growth Economics" what kind of an economy do we have? |
|
Definition
| Steady of Shrinking Economy |
|
|
Term
| What will be affected because we have less energy? |
|
Definition
1. Tourism
2. Entertainment
3. Restaurants
4. Transportation
5. Banking & Finance
6. Law & Health Service |
|
|
Term
| What is something that will increase do to having less oil? |
|
Definition
| Farming, solar, wind, geothermal, lumbering, energy equipment |
|
|
Term
| How will family structure change due to having less energy? |
|
Definition
1. Grandparents-Parent-Child relationship - used to live together; uses less energy
2. Husband-Wife relationship (both parents working and hire someone to watch kids so bad use of energy)
3. Neighbor-neighbor relationship (less house mobility) |
|
|
Term
| What is another result of decreased EROEI? |
|
Definition
| Less house/person; parents who've moved into their adult children's homes increased 67%, from about 2.1 million in 2000 to 3.6 million in 2007 |
|
|
Term
| Why is energy embodied in everything you see? |
|
Definition
| Because someone had to put in energy to create it. |
|
|
Term
| What is the effect of lower EROEI on high education? |
|
Definition
| society will not have energy surpluses to send 1/4 of the young population to learn non-energy producing activities |
|
|
Term
| What was abundant food surpluses (>60 days of grain supply/capita) in last thirty years possible due to? |
|
Definition
1. Better seed quality (not energy dependent)
2. Irrigation (energy dependent)
3. Ferilizers (derivative of natural gas and other materials)
4. Pesticides (derivative of rude oil)
5. Massive farm equipment (crude oil dependent)
6. Transportation from farm to consumer (crude oil dependent) |
|
|
Term
| On average, the food industry uses how many calories of fossil fuel energy to produce 1 calorie of food? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For pork, how many calories of fossil fuel energy are used to produce 1 calorie of food? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For beef, how many calories of fossil fuel energy are used to produce 1 calorie of food? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What will happen with resource wars? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is the key to the energy crisis? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Is there any easy solution? |
|
Definition
| No easy solution because we can't quickly scale it up OR it doesn't have enough energy density |
|
|
Term
| What is the biggest part of the energy solution? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is demand reduction? |
|
Definition
| We will unwind good portion of globalization; go back to simpler life styles, technologies that worked before |
|
|
Term
| What with the #1 Solution to the oil crisis? |
|
Definition
| 1. A DEPLETION PROTOCOL between all oil importing countries to cut imports to match delpletion rate (Reduce wasteful work like wars) |
|
|
Term
| What are the four types of wealth? |
|
Definition
1. Human or individual capital (self-actualization, Maslow)
2. Social or interpersonal capital
3. Natural or ecological capital
4. Material capital |
|
|
Term
| What is human or individual capital? |
|
Definition
| Can measure wealth by opportunity to self-actualize; requires energy but not as much as material wealth |
|
|
Term
| What is social or interpersonal capital? |
|
Definition
| Conflict between race? age cohorts? or do they work together |
|
|
Term
| What is natural or ecological capital? |
|
Definition
| National parks, clear air and water, etc. |
|
|
Term
| What do we need to focus our values on? |
|
Definition
| Human, Social, and Natural capital |
|
|
Term
| What kind of capital do we need to move away from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How will less EROEI effect education? |
|
Definition
| Higher student to teacher ratios |
|
|
Term
| Do we take out lives for granted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When did we start having surplus energy? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. HDI = Human Development Index
2. Some countries have found ways to improve HDI without increasing energy consumption - we need to study these countries
3. Iceland is using a lot of energy but not a lot higher quality of life.
4. Variety of HDI in the left hand side |
|
|
Term
| What are 5 solutions to oil (Mitigation) |
|
Definition
1. Conservation and efficiency, personal and societal
2. Rapid deployment of existing technology, public transport, electric-transport, wind, solar-heat and phtovoltaic, geothermal (use what we already know because we don't have time)
3. Raising awareness by scientists and engineers of locals, media and policy makers (this class)
4. Applied engineering reasearch
5. Fundamental research done today will have scaled impact after 20 years |
|
|
Term
| Why do we need to decrease our energy consumption PROACTIVELY? |
|
Definition
| So we don't have to go low on the HDI scale. |
|
|
Term
| What are 8 solutions that are priorities in the US? |
|
Definition
1. Massive public education for demand reduction (targets of 50 to 80% per capita in 10 years)
2. Reactivate electric trains, trams, trolleys buses; Upgrade the electric grid
3. WWII type effort for car and truck batteries, solar, wind, geothermal, and wave energy
4. WWII type effort for energy conservation in homes and buildings, lighting, CAFE standards
5. Greater use of arable land for growing crops such as oilseeds, willow for wood pellets, forest generation
7. Stop corn ethanol immediately
8. Tackle population growth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Corporate Average Fuel Economy (miles per gallon) |
|
|
Term
| Why can I do immediately? (10 things) |
|
Definition
1. Pray, Meditate to relax and reduce panic
2. Teach children about these issues to continue dialouge into future generations
3. Get yourself educated
4. Reduce your liquid fuels consumption by 50-80%
5. Educate family, friends, coworkers, policy makers
6. Form community support networks
7. Contact local, state, and federal representatives
8. Trying to reduce consumption in your line of work.
9. Changing careers from energy consuming to energy producing industries
10. Participating and influencing the media |
|
|
Term
| Why won't drilling in ANWAR help us? |
|
Definition
| If you drill in ANWAR (Artic) 5-10 years we will slow down the post peak decline a little but your decline is still there |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why won't the Canadian oil sands save us? |
|
Definition
1. Hard to see this with current technology
2. Natural gas is in limited supply (alternatives require more capital)
3. Most optimistic forecasts equal 5% of current world oil by 2030 (even this exceeds available natural gas) |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 problems with ethanol? |
|
Definition
1. Raises food prices.
2. Not scalable (can't replace 85 million barrels of oil/day with this)
3. CO2 issues
4. depletes water supply |
|
|
Term
| What are the problems with cellulosic ethanol? |
|
Definition
1. Still does not scale to more than 20% of need.
2. Competes with biomass for electric, home heat
3. Low EROEI |
|
|
Term
| What are the problems with algae? |
|
Definition
1. Not perfected yet.
2. Scalability is highly doubtful (although per acre you can produce a lot more algae than other crops) |
|
|
Term
| What are 3 reasons biofuels wont save us? |
|
Definition
1. Corn-based ethanol has many problems
2. Cellulosic ethanol has some problems
3. Biofuel from algae might work but is not perfected yet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Why won't coal to liquids save us? |
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Definition
1. There is not enough coal (US coal at or near peak)
2. without CTL world coal peaks in 20 years, with CTL maybe in 5 years
3. It has a low EROEI < 5 (very expensive)
4. CTL is very polluting |
|
|
Term
| What will happen if we reduce energy consumption? |
|
Definition
| GDP will reduce but we don't have a sustainable GDP, need to be proactive so we can handle it smoothly |
|
|
Term
| Could OPEC produce more if used current techniques? |
|
Definition
No
1. International oil companies use same service companies US companies do
2. Most are using up-to-date techniques
3. Expenditures often are high
4. Problem is very old fields
5. Overstated reserves raise expectations |
|
|
Term
| Can a small downturn easily be made up with energy efficiency? |
|
Definition
No
1. The quickest impacts are financial
2. Use of biofuels raises food prices
3. Don't need peak for recession (only need supply/demand shortfall) |
|
|
Term
| Which is better, heavy or sweet oil? |
|
Definition
| Sweet is light and low sulfur; easier to refine because it's already lighter |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Annual world total energy consumption in BTU? |
|
Definition
World 446 Quads
US 100 Quads
China 80 Quads
Russia 40 Quads |
|
|
Term
| US info compared to world: |
|
Definition
Population 4.6%
Energery Production: 15.9%
Energy Consumption 22.5% |
|
|
Term
| US Oil consumption annual: |
|
Definition
7.665 Gigabarels
1.042 Gigatons
1.382 TW/yr
3x US electity consumption |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1 toe = 4.2 x 10 e 100 J
1 Ba = 42 gallons = 0.136 toe
1 Ba = 180 W/yr |
|
|
Term
| WEO outlook projections vs. IEA oil projections |
|
Definition
| ~ descrepancy 80 million barrels/days by 2030 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Total world production of unconventional oil liquids |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| World electricty production by source |
|
Definition
Renewables 2%
Coal 40%
Gas 20%
Nuclear 15%
Hydro 16%
Oil 7% |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
46% of it is gasoline
23% is fuel oil
8% jet fuel
propane 2% |
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