Clinical Disorders

Examples are:

• Disorders usually first diagnosed in Infancy, childhood, or adolescense.
• Delirium, Dementia, and Amnestic and other Cognitive Disorders
• Mental Disorders Due to a General Medical Condition
• Suubstance-Related Disorders
• Mood Disorders
• Schizophrenia and other Psychotic Disorders
• Somatoform Disorders
• Factitious Disorders
• Dissociative Disorders
• Sexual and Gender Identity Disorders
• Impulse-Control Disorders Not Elsewhere classified
• Adjustment Disorders
• Other Conditions that may be a focus of clinical attention

Personality Disorders

Mental Retardation

It may also be used for noting prominent maladative personality features and defense mechanisms

General Medical Conditions (with ICD-9-CM codes)

current general medical conditions that are potentially relevant to the understanding or management of the individual's mental disorder.

For example, when Hypothyroidism is a direct cause of depressive symptoms, the designation on Axis I is 293.83 Mood Disorder Due to Hypothyroidism, with Depressive Features, and the hypothroidism is listed again and coded on Azis III as 244.9.

Psychosocial and Environment Problems

Psychosocial and environmental problems that may affect the diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of mental disorders

Examples are:

• Problems with primary support group
• Problems related to the social environment
• Educational problems
• Occupational problems
• Housing problems
• Economic problems
• Problems with access to health care services
• Problems related to interaction with the legal system/crime
• Other psychosocial and environmental problems

A. significantly subaverage intellectual functioning (IQ) of approximately 70 or below with onset before age 18 years and concurren deficis or impairments in adaptive functioning.

B. Concurrent deficits or impairments in present adaptive functioning (the person's effectiveness in meeting the standards expected for his or her age by his or her cultural group) in at least 2 of the following areas:communication, self-care, home living, social/interpersonal skills, use of comm. resources, self-direction, functional academic skills, work, leisure, health, and safety.

C. The onset is before age 18 years.

Mild- IQ level 50-55 to approximately 70

Moderate-IQ level 35-40 to 50-55

Severe-20-25 to 35-40

Profound Mental Retardation-IQ level below 20-25

Learning Disorders

(formerly Academic Skills Disorders)

A. Individual's achievement on individually administered, standardized tests in reading, math, or written expression is substantially below that expected for age, school, and level of intelligence.

B. The disturbance in Criterion A significantly interferes with academic achievement or activities of daily living that requires reading difficulties are in excess of those usually associated with it.

C.If a sensory deficit is present, the reading difficulties are in excess of those usually associated with it.

Demoralization, low self-esteem, and deficits in social skills may be associated with Learning Disorder

Learning Disorders are frequently found in association with a variety of general medical conditions (lead poisoning, fetal alcohol syndrome, or fragile X syndrome)

A. Reading achievement, as measured by individually administered standardized tests of reading accuracy or comprehension, is substantially below that expected given the person's chronological age, measured intelligence, and age-approprate education.

B. The disturbance in Criterion A significantly interferes with academic achievement or activities of daily living that require skills.

C. If a sensory deficit is present, the reading difficulties are inexcess of those usually associated with it.

Impairment in Social Interation

• marked impairment in the use of multiple nonverbal behaviors such as eye to eye gaze, facial expression, body postures, and gestures to regulate socal interaction
• failure to develop peer relationships appropriate to developmental level
• lack of spontaneous seeking to share enjoyment, interests, or achievements w/ other people (lack of showing, bringing, or pointing out objects of interest
• lack of social or emotional reciprocity

• Normal prenatal and perimatal development
• Normal psychomotor devel. through the first 5 months after birth
• Normal head circumference at birth

Onset of all of the following after the period of normal development

• deceleration of head growth b/w ages 5 and 48 mths.
• loss of previously acuired purposeful hand skills b/w ages 5 and 30 mths w/ the subsequent development of sterotyped hand movements (hand-wringing or hand washing)
• loss of social engagement early in the course (although often social interaction develops later)
• appearance of poorly coordinated gait or trunk movements
• severely impaired expressive and receptive lang. devel. with severe psychomotor retardation

• Normal development for at least first 2 years after birth
• Significant loss of previously acquired skills before age 10 years in two of the following areas.