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| 130,000 years ago. asia, indo, aus. |
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| refers to an area of the americas proir to arrival of Spaniards early 16 century. |
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| central and southern mexico: guatamala, belize, parts of el salvador, honduras, nigaragua, costa rica. |
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Definition
| -never unified politically. Aztec extended the influence over most most area. |
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| central and southern mexico share traits |
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| complex calendar, stepped temple platforms, ritual ball game, made paper & deer skin manuscripts, the brewing of puque and the making of corn tortillas. |
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| Amerigo Vespucci (florence 1452-1512) |
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Definition
-map maker for alonso de hojedas expedition.
-discover mouth river of the amazon. visited trinidad. sighted mouth of orinco river. visited haiti. thought was still in asia.
-disovered rio de la plata (river plate)
-went south and convinced it was new land. very accurate drawings. |
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| 1507 martin waldseemuller from germany |
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Definition
| made a new and accurate and stunning map of the new world. labeled it America. only its south america. |
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| great geographer, labeled entire western hemisphere AMERICA on his mapamundi (map of the world). |
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| passage between south america and tierra del fuego, 1520 |
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| discovered pacific ocean,1513 |
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| discovered swampy penisula. Pascua Florida, far as Tampa Bay land sold in 1821. |
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| served pizarros army. tried to conquer florida. explored mississippi river. killed by native america. |
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| alvar nunez cabeza de vacca |
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Definition
| explored mississippi river. explored rio de plata. govt of parguay. spread rumors about 7 cities of cibola. led coronado exploration of us south west. |
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| foutain of youth, el dorado. 7 cities of cibola. coronado's 300 men discovered arizona, new mexico, grand canyon. |
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| lowlands 2000 b.c.-300 a.d. |
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| 300 a.d.-900 a.d. city: paenque, uxmal, tikal |
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| 900 ad-1500 ad. yucatan penninsula. conquered by toltees. city: chichen itza (pyramid represent the calendar) |
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| ruler of city state divine nature |
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bark and hide, all but few were destroyed by spanish.
-hieroglyphic are mix of logo graphic and syllabic combo on stucco.
-precise astronomical calculations |
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| history of caciques: birth, edu, warfare, pagentry, matimony and death. |
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| a god. the plumed serpent. creator-god and hero. discover of maize. never required sacrifices. promised to come back from the east. identical with venus. |
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| religion of the mayan. maya sacred book. tells story of creation of the world. |
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| 5 million mayas, 30 different langauages. |
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mexico city.
tenoch- saw the eagle and snake on the cactus. |
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| The Inca Empire: tahuantinsuyu |
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Definition
| the four corners of the world |
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| manco capuc and man ocllas brother and sister |
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| basic unit of social organization |
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| the inca: chasquis and quipos |
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Definition
| runners. woolen threads for accounting. statistics.. demographic growth. |
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| virgins of the sun. sacrifices |
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| born in america but parents are european. |
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| european father and indian mother |
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| system of land distribution |
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| never gave land back to spanish government |
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Term
| the colonial period: political |
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Definition
| viceroy (represent the king)and bishop |
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Term
| the colonial period: social order |
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Definition
| criollos, mestizos,mullatos, blacks, indians, others. |
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| the colonial period: education |
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Definition
criollos- university
mestizos- elementary level
no schooling for others and women. |
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Definition
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| the colonial period: religion |
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Definition
| syncretism: santeria(cuba, puerto rico, dom republic) Vodoo (haiti), macumba (brazil). |
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Term
| african influences in the americas |
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Definition
-free men working as servants
-came from western africa
-slaves from reading and writing
-indigienous people did not survive.
-created patois and creole a new african language. |
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Term
| african influences in the americas: religion |
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Definition
| Santeria: believes in one god. |
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Term
| Sor Juana/ sister Juana Ines de la Cruz |
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Definition
| the medaillion on her chest. learn to read when she was 3. mother was a criollo. born out of wedlock. taught nuns to read. before she was a nun she was religious. |
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| century of enlightment: strong men |
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Definition
| caudillos, cacuques- takover |
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Term
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| oaxaca, in power for 34 years. became a dictator |
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| elected president 11 times. another caudillo sent into exile by benito juarez |
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| texas proclaims independence |
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| feb. 1836. sam houston in charge of the texan army. santa anna's army at the alamo. Remember the Alamo! |
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| texas between 1836 to 1846 |
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Definition
| conditions deterioate with mexico. texas annexed to the US. |
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| mexico and US declared war zachery tyalor. |
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| treaty of guadlaupe hildago |
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Definition
| treaty that ended the mexican war. |
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| 1848: mexican american people. |
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| 1900s lower class looking for work in US |
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| mexican american generation |
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| 1940s pachucos. experienced upward mobility in the cities. |
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| 1960s initiate civil right movement. la raza. |
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| first native mexican president from oxaca |
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| 3 general that defend mexico from dictator |
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Definition
VOZ
pancho villa
alvaro obregon
emil zapata |
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director
founder el teatro campenino
i dont have to show you no stinking badges. |
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Term
| patriots and the tyrants: |
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Definition
Bolivar: venezuela
Martin: argentina
'o Higgins: chile
Hidalgo, santa anna, juarez JSH: Mexico |
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