Nominative

function - subject of a finite verb

in First declension (usually feminine nouns)

Nominative singular ending:

-a

Nominative plural ending:

-ae

Nominative

function - subject of a finite verb

2nd declension (usually masculine noun)

Nominative singular ending:

-us or -er

Nominative plural ending:

-í

Nominative

2nd declension - neuter noun

Nominative singular neuter ending:

-um

Nominative plural neuter ending:

-a

Genitive Case

function: shows possession; "of_______"

Genitive

1st declension singular ending:

-ae

1st decelnsion plural ending:

-árum

Genitive

2nd declension (usually masculine noun)

2nd declension singular ending:

-í

2nd declension plural ending:

-órum

Genitive

2nd declension (neuter noun)

2nd declension neuter singular ending:

-í

2nd declension plural ending:

-órum

Dative Case

function: indirect object; "to_____" or "for______"

Dative

1st declension singular ending:

-ae

1st declension plural ending:

-ís

Dative

2nd declension (usually masculine nouns)

Dative

2nd declension singular ending

-ó

2nd declension plural ending

-ís

Dative Case

2nd declension Neuter noun

Dative

2nd declension singular neuter ending

-ó

2nd declension plural neuter ending

-ís

Accusative Case

function:  Direct object

1st Declension (usually feminine noun)

Accusative

1st declension singular ending:

-am

1st declension plural ending:

-ás

Accusative

2nd declension (usually masculine noun)

Accusative

2nd declension singular ending:

-um

2nd declension plural ending:

-ós

Accusative

2nd declension Neuter noun

Accusative

2nd declension singular neuter ending:

-um

2nd declension plural neuter ending:

-a

Ablative Case

function: indicates "by means of___; with___; from, in"

1st declension (usually feminine noun)

Ablative

1st declension singular ending:

-á

1st declension plural ending:

-ís

Ablative

2nd declension (usually masculine noun)

Ablative

2nd declension singular ending:

-ó

2nd declension plural ending:

-ís

fortúna, fortúnae (f)

sailor

!!Attention!!

{PAIN} word! use 1st declension when declining this noun!!!

littera, litterae (f)

letter (of the alphabet);

pl. letter, literature

locus, locí (m)

(in pl. sometimes it is neuter)

man; hero; husband

irregular noun

deus, deí (m)

nom. pl. = dí;

dat. pl. and abl. pl. = dís

némó (m)

acc. sing. = néminem

nihil (n)

indeclinable

níl (contracted form)

(+abl.)

with

(+abl)

under, beneath

sub (prep)

(+acc)

to the foot/base of; along under

(implying motion)