Term
| the emission and propagation of energy through space or through a material medium in the form of electromagnetic radiation |
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Definition
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| the formation of ion pairs |
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propelled by waves as photons
combines electric and magnetic
No charge, mass or weight
travels at speed of light
differs in wavelengths, frequency and properties |
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Definition
| electromagnetic radiation |
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Term
radiant energy
short wavelength
power to penetrate substances
can record shadow images on photo, phosphor and digital receptors |
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Braking
stopping or slowing of electron stream as they collide with nuclei of target atom |
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removal of electron or excitation
wavelength is specific
"takes on" next shell |
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| distance from crest (top) of one wave to the next |
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| number of crest of a wavelength passing a given point per second |
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| process where radiation imparts some or all of its energy to any material through which it passes |
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| attenuation where photon interacts with an orbital electron, all energy is absorbed by displaced electron in form of kinetic energy |
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| attenuation that forms a displaced electron AND a scattered photon of reduced energy (not all is absorbed) |
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| low energy x-ray passes NEAR outer electron |
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| increase or decrease voltage by induction |
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| houses major controls (line switch, timer, mA, kVp, exposure buttons) |
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| oil used as a radiation shield and electrical insulation |
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| absorbing material placed in path of beam to remove LOW energy (long wave) x-rays |
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| diaphragm, usually lead, restricts the dimensions of the useful beam |
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Definition
| High atomic number allows coil to be heated enough to produce electrons (thermionic emission) |
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Term
| sensitivity is directly proportional to their reproductive capacity and inversely proportional to degree of differentiation |
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Definition
| Law of Bergonie & Tribondeau |
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Term
| below a certain dose of radiation, no biological response would be expected |
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Definition
| threshold dose response curve |
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Term
| any amount of radiation has potential to cause biological response |
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Definition
| non-threshold dose response curve |
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Term
| exposure, latency, injury, repair |
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Definition
| sequence of radiation injury |
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Term
| what accounts for the biggest radiation exposure per year? |
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Definition
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Term
| traditional unit - Measured in air |
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Definition
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| traditional unit Absorbed Dose |
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Definition
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| traditional unit dose Equivalent |
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Definition
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| SI exposure measured in air |
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Definition
| Coloumbs per kilogram (Cg/k) |
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| overall darkness or blackness of film |
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| visual difference between shades (few = high, many = low) |
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| thickness of material put in path of beam that reduces exposure by half |
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| few shades (think black and white) |
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| decreasing kVp makes the film appear |
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| makes latent image visible |
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| stops action of developer to make image permanently visible |
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| ammonium or sodium thiosulfate |
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| magnification is mostly influenced by |
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Definition
| target- object distance (length of PID - Longer = Less magnification) AND object image receptor distance |
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| the Image receptor should be placed as close as possible to the tooth to reduce magnification |
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| Small focal Spot is essential for |
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