Term
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Definition
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Term
| Name 3 reservoirs of infection |
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Definition
1.) Human (AIDS, gonorrhea)
2.) Animal (Rabies, Lyme)
3.) Non-living (soil i.e. ring worm |
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Term
| What are the 3 ways of contact transmission of disease? |
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Definition
1.) Direct
2.) Indirect
3.) Droplet |
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Term
| Requires close association between infected and susceptible host |
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Definition
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Term
| pread by fomites (toys in daycare, dirty tissues, syringes-- anything that has become contaminated and is in contact w/you) |
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Definition
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Term
| Transmission via AIRBORNE droplets |
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Definition
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Term
| Name some examples of vehicle transmission |
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Definition
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Term
| ______ are arthropods, especially fleas, ticks, and mosquitoes |
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Definition
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Term
| Vectors transmit disease by 2 general methods |
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Definition
1.) Mechanical transmission
2.) Biological transmission |
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Term
| __________ transmission is when an arthropod carries pathogen on feet |
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Definition
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Term
| ________________ transmission is when pathogen reproduces in a vector |
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Definition
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Term
| Name 4 ways to decrease nosocomial infections |
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Definition
1.) Aseptic technique (how to handle contaminated materials)
2.) Handwashing
3.) Staff education
4.) Decrease use of antibiotics |
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Term
| ____________ are acquired as a result of hospital stay |
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Definition
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Term
| Nosocomial infections affect ___ to ____ % of all hospital patients |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the most common nosocomial infection? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is 2nd common nosocomial infection? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is 3rd most common nosocomial infection? |
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Definition
| Lower Respiratory Infections |
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Term
| What are the 5 most common causes of nosocomial infections (respectively)? |
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Definition
1.) Coagulase-negative staphylococci
2.) S. aureus
3.) Enterococcus
4.) Gram Negative Rods
5.) C. Diff |
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Term
| Diseases that are new, increasing in incidence, or showing a potential to increase in the near future are due to these contributing factors: (8) |
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Definition
1.) Genetic recombination (new genes b/c genetic transfer)
2.) Evolution of new strains (mutations)
3.) Inappropriate use of antibiotics and pesticides
4.) changes in weather patterns (increase in rodents)
5.) Modern transportation
6.) Ecological disaster, war, expanding development
7.) Animal control
8.) Public helath failure |
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Term
| What is study of where and when diseases occur? |
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Definition
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Term
| ___________ collects and analyzes epidemiological info in US and publishes Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report |
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Definition
| Centers for Disease Control and Prevention |
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Term
| ________ mapped the occurrence of cholera in London |
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Definition
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Term
| _________ showed that handwashing decreased the incidence of puerperal fever |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ showed that improved sanitation decreased the incidence of epidemic typhus |
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Definition
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Term
| Epidemiology can be _______, collection and analysis of data... Who did this? |
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Definition
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Term
| Epidemiolgy can be ________, comparison of a diseased group and a healthy group... who did this? |
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Definition
Analytical
Florence Nightengale |
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Term
| Epidemiology can be _______, controlled experiments.. who did this? |
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Definition
Experimental
Ignaz Semmelweis |
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Term
| _________ health care workers report specified disease to local, state, and national offices |
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Definition
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Term
| ______________ physicians are required to report occurrence |
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Definition
| Nationally notifiable diseases |
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Term
| incidence of a specific notifiable disease |
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Definition
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Term
| Deaths from notifiable diseases |
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Definition
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Term
| number of people affected in relation to the total population in a given time period |
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Definition
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