Term
Increase: Primary hypothyroidism
o Hashimoto’s thyroiditis
o Subacute thyroiditis
o Iodine deficiency Secondary hyperthyroidism
o TSH-secreting pituitary adenoma |
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Definition
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (2.0-11.0 μU/mL) |
|
|
Term
Decrease: Primary hyperthyroidism
o Graves’ disease [diffuse toxic goiter]
o Plummer’s disease [multinodular toxic goiter] Secondary hypothyroidism
o Pituitary gland destruction |
|
Definition
| Thyroid Stimulating Hormone (TSH) (2.0-11.0 μU/mL) |
|
|
Term
| Increase: Primary hyperthyroidism Secondary hyperthyroidism |
|
Definition
| Thyroxine (T4 Total) (0.8-2.8 ng/dL) |
|
|
Term
| Decrease: Primary hypothyroidism Secondary Hypothyroidism due to pituitary insufficiency |
|
Definition
| Thyroxine (T4 Total) (0.8-2.8 ng/dL) |
|
|
Term
| Positive: Hashimoto’s thyroiditis Subacute thyroiditis |
|
Definition
| Thyroglobulin antibodies (negative) |
|
|
Term
| Increase: Hyperthyroidism Pregnancy Estrogen therapy |
|
Definition
| Triiodothyronine (T3) (75-220 ng/dL) |
|
|
Term
| Decrease: Hypothyroidism Iodine insufficiency |
|
Definition
| Triiodothyronine (T3) (75-220 ng/dL) |
|
|
Term
Increased: Cushing’s disease Stress
Addison’s disease |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreased: Cushing’s syndrome Steroid administration |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increase: Acute pancreatic disease Cholecystitis Perforated peptic ulcer disease Ectopic pregnancy Alcohol ingestion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Positive in: Multiple Myeloma [found in 75% of patients with multiple myeloma] Waldenström’s macroglobulinemia [malignant plasma cell with excess IgM] Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increased: Pregnancy Ectopic pregnancy Hydatidiform mole Choriocarcinoma Some germ cell tumors |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreased: Threatened abortion Incomplete abortion |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increased: Rheumatoid arthritis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus without renal disease |
|
Definition
| CD4 cell count (359-1725 cells/mm3) |
|
|
Term
| Decreased: HIV/AIDS [less than 200 plus a positive Western Blot test] Systemic Lupus Erythematosus with renal disease Herpes infections |
|
Definition
| CD4 cell count (359-1725 cells/mm3) |
|
|
Term
Increased:
Cushing’s disease Cushing’s syndrome Chronic renal failure Starvation Trauma |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decreased: Addison’s disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increase: Rheumatoid Arthritis Reiter’s syndrome Crohn’s disease Myocardial infarction Tuberculosis Systemic Lupus Erythematosus |
|
Definition
| C-Reactive Protein (6.8-820 μg/dL) |
|
|
Term
Very high increase: Temporal arteritis Polymyalgia rheumatica
Increase also in the following: Chronic renal failure Malignant disease Severe iron and Vitamin B12 deficiency Autoimmune disorders |
|
Definition
| Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (Males 1-15; Females 0-20 mm/hr) |
|
|
Term
| Positive: Bleeding peptic ulcer Erosive gastritis Crohn’s disease Ulcerative colitis Diverticulitis Bleeding hemorrhoids GI cancer |
|
Definition
| Fecal Occult Blood (negative) |
|
|
Term
| Increase: Hemochromatosis Hemosiderosis Megaloblastic anemia Alcoholic liver disease |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Decrease:
Severe protein deficiency Iron deficiency anemia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Positive: Peptic ulcer disease Acute or chronic gastritis Gastric cancer B cell gastric lymphoma |
|
Definition
| H. pylori Breath Test (negative) |
|
|
Term
| Increase: Diabetes mellitus Splenectomy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Decrease: Hemolytic Anemias Sickle Cell Disease Acute or chronic blood loss |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increase: Hemochromatosis Hemosiderosis Hemolysis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Decrease: Insufficient dietary iron Chronic blood loss from the GI or GU tract
o bleeding peptic ulcer disease
o carcinoma of the colon
o heavy menstruation Late pregnancy |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Increase: Acute pancreatitis Chronic pancreatitis Pancreatic duct obstruction Acute cholecystitis Bowel obstruction |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Positive: Infectious mononucleosis Burkitt’s lymphoma Chronic hepatitis |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| This is a metabolite of norepinephrine and is present in the urine in patients with the following: Pheochromocytoma Neuroblastoma Thyroid medullary carcinoma |
|
Definition
| Vanillylmandelic acid (<6.7 mg/day) |
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