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Language/Thought
Psychology by Daniel
18
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
03/20/2011

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Cards

Term
PHONEME
Definition
the smallest unit of recognizable speech
Term
MORPHEME
Definition
the smallest meaningful unit of language
Term
PHONOLOGICAL RULES
Definition
how phonemes can be combined
Term
GRAMMATICAL RULES
Definition
a set of rules for language
Term
MORPHOLOGICAL RULES
Definition
how morphemes can be combined
Term
SYNTACTICAL RULES
Definition
how words can be combined
Term
DEEP STRUCTURE
Definition
the meaning of a sentence
Term
SURFACE STRUCTURE
Definition
how a sentence is worded
Term
LANGUAGE MILESTONE
Definition
At birth, infants can distinguish all contrasting sounds in all human languages (LOST AFTER 6 MONTHS OLD)

Vocal production takes longer to develop, starting with babbling and progressing to speech sounds
Term
Behaviorist explanations
Definition
Language is learned through reinforcement of responses (OPERANT CONDITIONING)
Term
Nativist explanations
Definition
Language is an innate, biological capacity
Term
Interactionist explanations
Definition
The interaction of innate capacities and social environment best explains language development
Term
Broca's area
Definition
left frontal cortex. speech production
Term
Wernicke's area
Definition
left temporal cortex. speech perception
Term
Aphasia
Definition
difficulty in producing or comprehending language
Term
FAST MAPPING
Definition
the fact that children can map a word onto an underlying concept after only a single exposure
Term
TELEGRAPHIC SPEECH
Definition
Speech that is devoid of function morphemes and consists mostly of content words
Term
Language acquisition device
Definition
a collection of processes that facilitate language learning
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