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Language Skills Summary Rules
Language skills rules
49
Business
Not Applicable
04/21/2020

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Term
Abbreviation Language Skill Rule #1
Definition

Some professional titles are abbreviated;0 some professional designations are written without periods, but academic degrees require periods.

Term
Abbreviation Language Skill Rule #2
Definition

State names are usually spelled out; however, you should use the two-letter state abbreviations for state names when used as part of an inside address of a letter or on the envelope.

Term
Abbreviation Language Skill Rule #3
Definition

Use the abbreviation Re: In legal letters to represent regarding or subject. Note: In legal documents, the Re: line is not necessarily keyed below the salutation of a letter as it is the subject line in regular business correspondence.

Term
Apostrophe Language Skill Rule #1
Definition

Use an apostrophe to form the possessive of nouns. For all singular nouns, add an 's. For a plural noun not ending in s, add 's. For a plural noun ending in s, add an apostrophe after the s.

Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #1
Definition

Capitalize the first word of a sentence.

Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #2
Definition

Capitalize names of people.

Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #3
Definition
Capitalize courtesy titles (Mr., Mrs., Miss, Ms.) before names.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #4
Definition
Capitalize the brand names of products but not the product itself.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #5
Definition
Capitalize only the first letter of the important words in headings and titles. Conjunctions, articles, and prepositions ate not normally capitalized unless they are the first word of the heading or title. Titles of books should be italicized, underlines, or keyed in all capital letters.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #6
Definition
Nouns that precede numerals are capitalized except in the case of page, paragraph, line, note, size, and verse. Do not capitalize nouns when they follow numerals.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #7
Definition
Capitalize the names of individuals, buildings, organizations, religious groups, nationalities, and races.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #8
Definition
Capitalize professional titles when they immediately precede individual names. Do not capitalize titles following names except in an address or signature line. When referring to the President of the United States, the word President is always capitalized whether or not a name follows it.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #9
Definition
Capitalize days of the week, months of the year, and holidays.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #10
Definition
Capitalize the proper names of states, motels, and hotels, businesses, and cultural or entertainment facilities. Common names are not capitalized.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #11
Definition
Capitalize proper names of cities, states, rivers, mountains, etc. Common names are not capitalized.
Term
Capitalization Language Skill Rule #12
Definition
Capitalize compass directions when they are used to name a particular part of the country. No not capitalize these words when they merely indicate a general location of directions.
Term
Capitalization Language Skills Rule #13
Definition
When keying a legal document, use all capital letters for the names of the parties to a legal agreement.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #1
Definition
Use a comma to set off a dependent clause at the beginning of a sentence from the independent clause. (A dependent clause is a group of words that have a subject and verb but cannot stand alone as a complete sentence. an independent clause is a group of words that have a subject and verb and can stand alone as a complete sentence.)
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #2
Definition
Use a comma or commas to set off a word or words that rename words they follow.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #3
Definition
Use a comma to set off parenthetical words or phrases that are not needed in the sentence.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #5
Definition
Use a comma to set off a series of three or more words, phrases, or clauses unless each word, phrase, or clause is separated by a conjunction. Be sure to put a comma before the last item in the series.
Term
Comma Language Skills rule #6
Definition
Use a comma to set off introductory words or phrases.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #7
Definition
Use a comma to separate two independent clauses that are joined but the conjunctions and, but, or, and nor. The comma is placed  before the conjunction.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #8
Definition
Use a comma to separate two adjectives that are of equal rank and modify the same noun. The word and could be placed between these adjectives, and the sentence would still read correctly.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #9
Definition
Use a comma to set off a prepositional phrase of four or more words at the beginning of a sentence. Do not use a comma to set off a prepositional phrase of less than four words. Although "of course" is a prepositional phrase, it is considered a parenthetical expression and is always set off by commas.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #10
Definition
Use a comma to set off the name of a person you are directly addressing.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #11
Definition
Use a comma to separate a date from the year and the year from the rest of the sentence.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #12
Definition
Use a comma to separate two unrelated numbers that are beside each other in a sentence.
Term
Comma Language Skill Rule #13
Definition
Use a comma to set off a nonrestrictive subordinate clause. A nonrestrictive subordinate clause cannot stand alone and is dependent upon the main clause; however, it is not essential to the meaning of the sentence. If the subordinate clause is restrictive and necessary to make the meaning of the sentence clear and complete, do not set it off in commas.
Term
Dash Language Skill Rule #1
Definition
Use the dash before words that summarize the preceding part of the sentence.
Term
Dash Language Skill Rule #2
Definition
Use a dash instead of a comma when emphasizing a repeated thought or statement.
Term
Exclamation Point Language Skill rule #1
Definition
Use an exclamation point at the end of a thought expressing strong emotion or a command.
Term
Hyphen Language Skill Rule #1
Definition
Use a hyphen to join compound adjectives before a noun they modify as a unit. The word and cannot be placed between these adjectives because the sentence would not read correctly.
Term
Hyphen Language Skill Rule #2
Definition
Use a hyphen to show passage of time, except when used with the words form or between.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #1
Definition
Spell out the house number one and use figures for all other house numbers. Spell out numbers ten ad below used for the names of streets; use figures for numbers above ten used as street names.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #2
Definition
Except in format or legal writing, the day of the month and the year are usually written in figures. When the date appears in the body of a letter, the year is customarily omitted if it is the same as that which appears on the dateline. It is not necessary to use st, d, or th in dates unless the day is written before or is separated form the month.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #3
Definition
Percentages  are written in figures followed by the word percent. The % symbol is used in tables and statistical data.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #4
Definition
Amounts of money, except in legal documents, are written in figures. Amounts less than one dollar are written in figures with the word cents following. In writing even sums of money, omit the decimal and double zeros.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #5
Definition
Use figures for numbers that follow an identifying noun. Use words for numbers that precede the identifying noun unless the number is above ten. Use words for numbers that begin a sentence. If the term number precedes a figure, use the abbreviation No.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill #6
Definition
Spell out numbers up to and including ten: use figures for numbers over ten.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill #7
Definition
Spell out time used with o'clock. Use figures for time with the abbreviations a.m. and p.m.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #8
Definition
Spell out common fractions appearing alone in ordinary writing. Write mixed numbers as figures.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #9
Definition
When keying monetary amounts in words within legal documents, begin each word with a capital letter followed by the monetary amount written in figures and enclosed in parentheses.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #10
Definition
Whole numbers are integers or counting numbers and do not include any fractions.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #11
Definition
Fractions are less than a whole number.
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #12
Definition
Mixed numbers include whole numbers with fractions. Note that fractions are written in figure format when they are part of a mixed number; the fractions include a numerator (number on top) and denominator (number on bottom)
Term
Number/Figure Style Language Skill Rule #13
Definition
When you key 1/2, Microsoft Word will automatically print it as 1/2. When you key 1/4, it will automatically print it as 1/4 All other fractions will remain as keyed; for example, 1/3 will remain 1/3. Therefore, if you are using various mixed numbers in one sentence, it is best that they are uniform in appearance. If you have 1 1/3 in the same sentence as 2 1/2, delete the 1/2 in 2 and rekey it is 2 1/2. You can also hit the backspace immediately after keying 1/2 or 1/4 and the fraction will be changed to 1/2 and 1/4.
Term
Parentheses Language Skill Rule #1
Definition
Use parentheses to enclose figures or letters that mark a series of enumerated elements within a sentence.
Term
Parentheses Language Skill Rule #2
Definition
Use parentheses to enclose figures verifying a number that is spelled out.
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