Term
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Definition
| accumulated pus that is surrounded by inflamed tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| acid accumulation in body tissue: depresses the central nervous system and can lead to disorientation and eventually coma |
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Term
| acute respiratory distress syndrome |
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Definition
| respiratory failure triggered by acute lung injury; a medical emergency that causes dyspnea and pulmonary edema, usually requires assisted (mechanical) ventilation |
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Term
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Definition
| changes in body chemistry resulting from infection, inflammation or injury; characterized by alterations in plasma proteins |
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Term
| alveolus (plural: alveoli) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| chronic inflammatory disorder with airway obstruction caused by bronchial edema, bronchoconstriction, and increased mucus production |
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Term
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Definition
| incomplete expansion of alveoli; collapsed, functionless, airless lung or portion of a lung. Caused by tumor or other obstruction of the bronchus, or poor respiratory effort |
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Term
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Definition
| transfer of bacteria from the intestinal lumen to the bloodstream; increases risks of infection and sepsis |
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Term
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Definition
| smallest branches of the bronchi. terminal bronchioles lead to alveolar ducts |
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Term
| bronchus(plural: bronchi ) |
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Definition
| main airways of the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| an acute-phase protein released from the liver during acute inflammation or stress |
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Term
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Definition
| gas produced by body cells when oxygen and food combine; exhaled through lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| persistent inflammation of the mucous membranes of the lungs; chronic inflammation leads to narrower airways and breathing difficulty |
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Term
| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease |
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Definition
| a group of lung diseases characterized by persistent obstructed airflow through the lungs and airways; include chronic bronchitis and emphysema |
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Term
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Definition
| thin hairs attached to the mucous membrane epithelium lining the respiratory tract. They clear bacteria and foreign substances from the lung. Cigarette smoke impairs function of cilia |
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Term
| counterregulatory hormones |
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Definition
| hormones that have metabolic actions that oppose those of insulin |
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Term
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Definition
| bluish cast in skin due to color of deoxygenated hemoglobin. Most evident in persons with lighter, thinner skin; mostly seen on lips, cheeks ears and under nails |
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Term
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Definition
| inherited disorder of exocrine glands resulting in thick, mucous secretions that do not drain normally |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical removal of dead, damaged or contaminated tissue resulting from burns or wounds; helps to prevent infection and hasten healing |
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Term
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Definition
| connective tissue layer underneath the epidermis that contains the skin's blood vessels and nerves |
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Term
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Definition
| muscle separating chest & abdomen. Contracts and relaxes to make breathing possible |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| hyperinflation of air sacs with destruction of alveolar walls |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lid-like piece of cartilage that covers the larynx, preventing food from entering the larynx and trachea during swallowing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| breathing out (exhalation) |
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Term
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Definition
| slit-like opening to the larynx |
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Term
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Definition
| an equation that estimates basal energy expenditure |
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Term
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Definition
| excess carbon dioxide in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| a higher-than-normal metabolic rate |
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Term
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Definition
| low levels of oxygen in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
| low amount of oxygen in body tissues |
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Term
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Definition
| the metabolic responses of the immune system to infection or injury |
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Term
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Definition
| breathing in (inhalation) |
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Term
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Definition
| voice box: contains vocal cords |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| cells within connective tissue that produce and release histamine |
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Term
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Definition
| use of a machine to assist or control breathing. In normal respiration the lungs expand, which draws air into the lungs; air is forced into the lungs at regular intervals using pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| region between the lungs in the chest cavity. Contains trachea, heart, aorta, esophagus and bronchial tubes |
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Term
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Definition
| a disruption in the body's chemical environment due to the effects of disease or injury. Metabolic stress is characterized by changes in metabolic rate, heart rate, blood pressure, hormonal status and nutrient metabolism |
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Term
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Definition
| a failure of more than one organ system that occurs during intensive care; often results in death |
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Term
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Definition
| openings through the nose carrying air into nasal cavities |
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Term
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Definition
| gas that passes into bloodstream at lungs & travels to all body cells |
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Term
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Definition
| throat; including nasopharynx, oropharynx and laryngopharanx |
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Term
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Definition
| body cavity that surrounds the lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| swelling and fluid in the air sacs and bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| essential parts of the lung responsible for respiration; bronchioles and alveoli |
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Term
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Definition
| process of moving air in and out of lungs; breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| inadequate gas exchange between the air and blood resulting in lower oxygen and higher carbon dioxide levels |
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Term
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Definition
| acute inflammatory response caused by infection; characterized by symptoms similar to those of SIRS |
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Term
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Definition
| dangerous physiological response to injury, bleeding or infection that is characterized by inadequate blood perfusion; associated with reduced blood pressure, raised heart and respiratory rates and muscle weakness |
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Term
| systemic inflammatory response syndrome |
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Definition
| a whole-body response to acute inflammation; characterized by raised heart and respiratory rates, abnormal white blood cell counts and altered body temperature |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| inner fold of pleura lying closer to lung tissue |
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Term
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Definition
| the breakdown of lean tissue that results from disease or malnutrition |
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