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| A linguistic expression whose occurrence in a sentence is optional |
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| The phenomenon by which certain expressions in a sentence (e.g. a verb and its subject) must be inflectionally marked for the same person, number, gender, etc. |
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| A linguistic expression that must occur in a sentence if some other expression occurs in that sentence as well. If the occurrence of an expression X in a sentence requires the occurrence of an expression Y in that sentence, we say that Y is an argument of X |
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| A type of sentence that has the general form It is/was X that, e.g. It was Sally that I wanted to meet. Can be used as a constituency test |
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| A non-subject argument of some expression |
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| An argument of a coordinating conjunction such as and or or |
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| The set of syntactic properties that determines which expressions may have to co-occur with some other expressions in a sentence |
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| The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with two expressions of category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase. A verb that needs two noun phrase complements |
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| An instance of a native speaker of some language deciding whether some string of words corresponds to a syntactically well-formed or grammatical phrasal expression in their native language |
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| The name for the set of lexical expressions whose syntactic category is verb phrase |
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| The phenomenon where a single word is the form of two or more distinct linguistic expressions that differ in meaning or syntactic properties (also Homophony, Structural Ambiguity, and Global Ambiguity) |
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Definition
| A representation of a lexical expression and its linguistic properties within a descriptive grammar of some language. A collection of lexical entries constitutes the lexicon. A lexical entry has the form f-X, where f is the form of some particular expression, and X is its syntactic category |
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Definition
| A linguistic expression that has to be listed in the mental lexicon, e.g. single-word expressions and idioms |
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Definition
| A piece of language with a form, a meaning, and syntactic properties |
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Definition
| The name for syntax and morphology considered jointly as a single component of grammar |
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| a kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category noun with the resulting expression also being of category noun |
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| The name of a syntactic category that consists of proper names, pronouns, and all other expressions with the same syntactic distribution |
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Definition
| A noun phrase that usually occurs immediately to the right of the verb in English. A noun phrase complement |
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| Phrasal Expression (also called a phrase) |
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Definition
| A linguistic expression that results from the syntactic combination of smaller expressions. A multi-word linguistic expression. A sentence is a special kind of ____expression |
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| The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that contain a preposition and a noun phrase. Can be verb phrase adjuncts or noun adjuncts |
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| A syntactic category that consists of all phrasal expressions that can grammatically occur in "Sally thinks that ____." |
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| Sentential Complement Verb |
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Definition
| The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with a sentence to their right result in a verb phrase; a verb that needs a sentence as its complement |
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Definition
| An expression, typically a noun phrase, that occurs to the left of the verb phrase in an English sentence |
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Definition
| A group of expressions that have very similar syntactic properties. All expressions that belong to the same syntactic category have more or less the same syntactic distribution |
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| A group of linguistic expressions that function as a syntactic unit within some larger expression; the smaller expressions out of which some larger phrasal expression was constructed |
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| Refers to the set of syntactic environments in which an expression can occur. If two expressions are interchangeable in all syntactic environments, we say that they have the same syntactic distribution, and tehrefore belong to the same syntactic category |
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Definition
| Properties of linguistic expressions that dictate how they can syntactically combine with other expressions, namely, word order and co-occurrence properties |
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Definition
| A component of mental grammar that deals with constructing phrasal expressions out of smaller expressions. Also a name for the subfield of linguistics which studies how expressions can combine to form larger expressions |
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Definition
| A syntactic process by which (in English) a syntactic constituent occurs at the beginning of a sentence in order to highlight the topic under discussion |
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Definition
| The name of a syntactic category that consists of those expressions that if combined with an expression of category noun phrase to their right result in a verb phrase; a verb that needs a noun phrase complement |
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Definition
| The name of a syntactic category that consists of all expressions which if combined with a noun phrase to their left result in a sentence |
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Definition
| A kind of adjunct that combines with an expression of syntactic category verb phrase with the resulting expression also being of category verb phrase |
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Definition
| The linear order in which words can occur in some phrasal expression. Also, the set of syntactic properties of expressions that dictates how they can be ordered with respect to other expressions |
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