Term
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Definition
| An abbreviation formed by taking the initial sounds (or letters) of the words of a phrase and uniting them to form a pronounceable word |
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Term
| Analogy or Analogical Change |
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Definition
| A type of historical change in a grammar that involves the influence if one form or group of form on another, causing one group of forms to become more like the other |
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Term
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Definition
| Word formation process in which a new stem form is created from an apparently similar derived or inflected form |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of sound change in which a front sound becomes a back sound |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of creating new words by shortening a longer word |
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Term
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Definition
| One of two or more words that descend from the same source. Usually similar in both meaning and form |
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Term
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Definition
| Process of creating new words without employing any other word or word part already in existence. Words are created "out of thin air" |
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Term
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Definition
| Sound change that occurs under the influence of nearby sounds |
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Term
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Definition
| A word created by shifting the lexical category of a word to a different category without changing the form of the word |
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Term
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Definition
| Sounds that occur in similar positions in words that are believed to be related |
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Term
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Definition
| Semantic change by which a word acquires a more pejorative meaning over time |
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Term
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Definition
| Analysis of language change through time |
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Term
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Definition
| Change of a simple vowel sound to a complex one. Process by which a monophthong becomes a diphthong |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of related languages, in the sense that they come from common origins |
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Term
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Definition
| Theory formulated by August Schleicher that says that languages change in regular, recognizable ways and that similarities among languages are due to a "genetic" relationship among them |
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Term
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Definition
| The reanalysis of a word or phrase (usually an unfamiliar one) into a word or phrase composed of more commonly known words |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of sound change in which a back sound becomes a front sound |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of how languages change through time; the study of how languages are historically related to one another |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of sound change in which a high or mid vowel becomes a lower vowel |
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Term
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Definition
| Vowel change from a diphthong (a complex vowel) to a monophthong (a simple vowel) |
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Term
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Definition
| A set of grammatically (i.e. inflectionally) related forms all stemming from a common root |
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Term
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Definition
| Change in the pronunciation of allophones that has no effect on the phonological inventory or distribution of a language |
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Term
| Phonological Sound Change |
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Definition
| Change in the phonological system, by either the addition or loss of a phoneme or by a change in the distribution of allophones |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of morphological change caused by the influence of one pair of morphologically related words on another |
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Term
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Definition
| A reconstructed form of a word |
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Term
| Proto-Indo-European (PIE) |
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Definition
| The single ancestor of most of today's languages of Europe and Indea |
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Term
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Definition
| An earlier common ancestor of similar languages |
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Term
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Definition
| A type of sound change in which a low or mid vowel becomes a higher vowel |
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Term
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Definition
| Hypothetical word form recreated through reconstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| The process of recreating earlier forms of a language or a protolanguage, through either the comparative method or internal reconstruction |
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Term
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Definition
| Semantic change by which the set of appropriate contexts or referents for a word decreases |
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Term
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Definition
| A change or rule that applies in every possible word |
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Term
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Definition
| The assumption that speech sounds change in regular, recognizable ways |
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Term
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Definition
| The hypothesis that similarities among certain languages may be due to a genetic relationship among them, that is, due to their coming from common origins |
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Term
| Synchronic Correspondence |
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Definition
| Analysis of a language at a particular point in time |
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Term
| Unconditioned Sound Change |
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Definition
| Sound change that occurs without influence from neighboring sounds |
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