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Language,Culture and Society
Key Terms from anthro 166
19
Anthropology
Undergraduate 2
05/11/2009

Additional Anthropology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Access
Definition
fluency gives access to culture
Term
Origo
Definition
a concept regarding the place and time of an utterance
Term
Culture
Definition

groups who share religion, faith, substantive practices, ways of behaving cognizing socially transmitted ideas. Culture is ‘moving’ through space, time.

Term
Language
Definition

a part of culture because learned socially transmitted and teaches you about the world.  A code by means of mutual intelligibility.  Human language – speech signs, ruled by grammar

Term
Speech sound
Definition

sounds are ephemeral, displaced longitudinal waves that propagate through space, ears amplify vibrations. Parameters: duration, amplitude, frequency, envelope, spectrum

Term
Overt category
Definition
phenotypes: those that get marked like plurality on nouns
Term
Covert category
Definition

cryptotypes: intransitive verbs, gender in English not marked.

Term
Nootka
Definition
  • american indian
  • helped Sapir to truly distinguish the difference between an allophone and a phoneme.
Term

Hopi-

Benjamin Whorf- Native american language,5000 speakers

Definition
  • plural not the same as in English.
  • Time in Hopi is transitional, experienced in the now, perception of time indicated in their language.
Term
Saussure
Definition
  • Swiss linguist
  • Structural anthropology
  • ideals of contrast and structure in systems

 

Term
Structuralism
Definition
  • the nature of things lays in the relationship between them
  • elements have significance in relation to other elements in a system.
  • the meaning of a sign is defined relationally.
Term
Hanuno- Philipines
Definition
  • conceptual taxonomy of chilli pepper plant
  • descripiton of how natives veiw the world based on culture and whats important to them.
Term

Jacaltec-

Guatemala, Mayan language family

Definition

  • Jacaltec has case markings, directionals and noun classifications.

·    VSO language, ergative-absolutive case-marking system, verbs contain information about aspect and mood

Term
Pragmatic meaning
Definition

functional effects of language use from the standpoint of either the set of communicative interactions or individual speakers’ intentions. Not just semantic mean

Term
Illocutionary force
Definition
action and meaning/intent of the action
Term
Locutionary
Definition
  • physical; saying of utterance
Term
Explicit performative
Definition
  • creates something in the world
  • I appoint, I promise you
Term
Implicit performative
Definition
  • indexing what takes place in broader text structure
Term
Unintelligibles
Definition
  • performed at a wedding
  • in the form of ululation- vocalizations mark ritual performances (ZAGARIT)
  • indexes of tradition
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