Term
| Brown v. Board of Education (1954) |
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Definition
| Court said that the “separate but equal” doctrine “has no place” in public education. |
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| The Supreme Court agreed. Here are the due process procedures the Court said Arizona must give to juveniles as well as adults: Notice of Charges, Right to Counsel, Right to Remain Silent, Right to Confronta |
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Term
| Gideon v. Wainwright (1963) |
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Definition
| The Court now said the right to a lawyer is a fundamental right. A person cannot be assured of a fair trial without one. |
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Term
| Marbury v. Madison (1803) |
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Definition
| Supreme Court gets its power directly from the Constitution, and the Constitution says only certain kinds of cases can start at the Supreme Court. It gave Supreme court power of Judicial Review. |
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Term
| Miranda v. Arizona (1966) |
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Definition
| 5th Amendment right to remain silent is so basic that it doesn’t even matter if a person already knows about this right—the right is not safeguarded unless officers tell people about it before interrogation begins |
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| The Court explained that the American criminal justice system cannot work if the court does not have all the evidence available. This case shows that in the United States, the president is not above the law. |
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Term
| Plessy v. Ferguson (1896) |
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Definition
| It saw separate train cars as an issue of social equality, not political or legal equality. It said separating the races did not take away civil or political rights. Plessy’s case gave rise to a new doctrine: “separate but equal.” |
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| Supreme court ruled Florida ballots could not be recunted because ballots were not the same across the state. |
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| Supreme Court in favor of student's 1st Amendment right to Freedom of Speech of wearing the armbands to school |
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Definition
| Supreme Court ruled in favor of schools having control of content in school newspaper by maintaining a high standard for student speech. |
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