Term
What labs are included in a CBC? CBC Complete Blood Count |
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Definition
Red blood cells (erythrocytes) -- reticulocytes (immature RBCs) Hemoglobin & Hematocrit (H&H or Hgb & hct) WBC (leukocytes) - fight infection -- Differential platelets (thrombocytes) - providing clotting |
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Term
| What are RBCs (erythrocytes)? |
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Definition
Total number of RBCs in mm3 of blood |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Hematocrit (Hct) Percentage of RBCs in total plasma volume |
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Term
| What makes results of RBCS and H&H values appear higher? |
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Definition
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Term
RBCs normally increase at???? relating to??? |
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Definition
high altitudes or after strenuous physical training relating to the need for more 02 |
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Term
| What is stimulated to produce more RBCs? |
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Definition
| bone marrow is stimulated |
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Term
| What is primary polycythemia vera? |
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Definition
pathological increase in RBCs from unknown cause (not due to 02 need) |
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Term
| What is secondary polycythemia vera related to? |
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Definition
| the increase need for 02 from a secondary cause, such as a heart condition or COPD |
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Term
| What drugs are associated with possible increase in RBCs and H&H values? |
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Definition
| Gentamycin and methyldopa (Aldomet) |
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Term
| Dehydration makes RBC and H&H values appear higher or lower? |
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Definition
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Term
| What can cause a decrease in RBCs and H&H values? |
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Definition
massive RBC loss, such as acute hemorrhage abnormal formation or destruction of RBCs (dyscrasias) lack of substances needed for RBC production (renal disease - decreased erythropoietin) antibiotics (chloramphenicol & PCN) slight decr. during pregnancy due to hemodilution fluid overload anemia
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Term
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Definition
decrease in number of RBCs or hemoglobin content or both |
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Term
| A hematocrit level of less than 20% can result in? |
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Definition
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Term
| A hematocrit level above 60% may result in? |
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Definition
| spontaneous blood clotting |
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Term
| What are you assessing when hematocrit levels are taken? |
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Definition
extent of massive blood loss |
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Term
| If hematocrit is done immediately after a hemorrhage, it will not show the true extent of RBC loss because??? |
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Definition
| both plasma and RBCs are lost in equal proportions |
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Term
| Hematocrit values are interpreted in relating to the patient's..... |
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Definition
hydration status time sample was drawn
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Term
Increased Hematocrit 1. A patient with a severe burn loses huge amounts of ______ from _______ __________ in the burned area? 2. Vascular space ______ fluid and the blood becomes more ___________. 3. Hematocrit values may be significantly __________ by __________ |
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Definition
1. plasma from damaged capillaries 2. loses fluid and blood becomes more concentrated. 3. increased by 60% to 65% |
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Term
| A hemolgobin value under 5 gm may cause a strain on cardiopulmonary system leading to?? |
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Definition
heart failure, MI, CHF, stroke |
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Term
| A hemoglobin value over 20 gm may cause?? |
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Definition
clogging of capillaries due to hemoconcentration (may MI, stroke, DVT, PE) |
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Term
| High hemoglobin is caused by? |
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Definition
any condition in which the number of circulating RBCs rises above normal polycythemia vera, severe burns, COPD, CHF |
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Term
| Low hemoglobin are conditions that cause?? |
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Definition
| low RBCs, such as blood loss, low hgb levels and bone marrow suppression |
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Term
| What is iron deficiency anemia? |
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Definition
When pts have normal RBC count and less hemoglobin than normal. |
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Term
Decreased RBCs, H&H What are signs of anemia? |
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Definition
pale skin, conjunctiva, buccal mucosa orthostatic hypotension, increased pulse weakness and fatigue on exertion decreased H&H, RBCs
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Term
Increased RBCs, H&H What are nursing interventions for increased RBCs, H&H values |
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Definition
Encourage as much activity as possible so that venous stasis does not con |
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Term
| What are nursing interventions for decreased RBCs, H&H? |
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Definition
| Assess for signs of anemia |
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