Term
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Definition
| “Card signed by an employee to authorize the union to act as his or her bargaining representative.” |
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Term
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Definition
| “The ongoing interchange between the union and the employer that identifies their common and specific interests and creates mechanisms to clarify, manage, reduce, and resolve conflicts over their specific interests.” |
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Term
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Definition
| The negotiation of labor agreements and their administration |
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Term
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Definition
| Opposite of exit option; instead of leaving due to workplace dissatisfaction, the employee stays to try to reform the condition |
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Term
| THREE WAYS A WORKER JOINS A UNION |
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Definition
1. Non-union employees organize a union to collectively bargain for them
2. Employees in a unit covered by a collective bargaining agreement may decide to join the union
3. Newly hired employees may be required by the collective bargaining agreement where they work to join the union |
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Term
| BELIEFS ABOUT UNIONS IN U.S. |
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Definition
| According to a 2009 Gallup Poll, Americans appear to be very divided on the issue of whether they approve or disapprove of unions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Union strategy that is most concerned with employees’ immediate interests, such as an improvement in wages, hours, and conditions of employment. |
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Term
| WHY UNIONS GREW SLOWLY BETWEEN 1776 ~ 1876 |
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Definition
-Adverse legal decisions
-Rural nature of 19th-century America
-Lots of unskilled immigrants who competed for low-wage jobs |
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Term
| LABOR RELATIONS CLIMATE LATE 1800's to EARLY 1900's |
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Definition
| A period of bitter labor unrest and struggles |
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Term
| NORRIS-LAGUARDIA ACT OF 1932 |
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Definition
| Piece of federal legislation severely restricted courts’ power to issue injunctions against nonviolent union activities |
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Term
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Definition
| Piece of federal legislation that is also called the National Labor Relations Act and specified a list of employer unfair labor practices. |
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Term
| LANDRUM-GRIFFIN ACT OF 1959 |
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Definition
| Piece of federal legislation passed in response to union corruption protected the individual union members by establishing a union member’s bill of rights and by requiring unions to file certain documents and reports with the government. |
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Term
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Definition
| Piece of federal legislation that established the Federal Mediation and Conciliation Service and outlined union unfair labor practices. |
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Term
| RAILWAY LABOR ACT OF 1926 |
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Definition
| Piece of federal legislation that applies to railway and air carriers and eliminated restrictions on employees joining unions. |
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Term
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Definition
-Represent employees in day-to-day dealings with employer
-Most often chartered by and affiliated with a national union
-Leaders are typically unpaid, part-time positions
-Tend to have less bargaining power than national unions |
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Term
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Definition
-Collecting dues
-Policing the supervisors’ compliance with the contract
-Disseminating information from the union to the other employees |
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Term
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Definition
| Organization chartering general unions or local unions representing certain crafts or industries. |
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Term
| TWO MAIN GOALS OF NATIONAL UNIONS |
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Definition
| (1) To organize an increasing number and share of the labor force and (2) to provide representation services to enhance member well-being. |
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Term
| FREE RIDING CAN OCCUR WHEN: |
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Definition
| There is no union shop clause and there is no agency shop clause. |
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Term
| POPULAR AND EFFECTIVE UNION ORGANIZING MESSAGES |
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Definition
-Dignity
-Fairness
-Justice |
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Term
| MANDATORY BARGAINING ISSUE |
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Definition
| “An issue that is statutorily required to be discussed if one of the parties in bargaining raises it.” |
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Term
| PHILOSOPHY LADEN ORGANIZATION |
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Definition
| Company where the lack of organizing in her company is due to the positive employee relations climate. Characteristics include: being employee friendly, taking a career-oriented approach to developing employees, competitive wages, and base pay on merit. |
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Term
| MANAGEMENT BARGAINING POWER |
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Definition
Derived from ability to continue operations.
Timing – being in the middle of a very busy season would decrease management’s bargaining power.
-Perishability – having a product that has a shorter shelf life would decrease management’s bargaining power.
-Technology – having more automation would decrease management’s bargaining power.
-Lack of substitutes – if there are no substitutes for the product, that would increase management’s bargaining power. |
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Term
| THREE CRITERIA FOR WAGE DEMANDS |
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Definition
1. Employee standard of living
2. Equity within and across employers
3. Company’s ability to pay |
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Term
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Definition
-Most companies use salary-reduction pension plans
-Employees reduce their salary by putting pre-tax dollars into retirement account
-Called 401k (private sector) |
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Term
| POPULAR NONWAGE BARGAINING ISSUES |
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Definition
-Contract term length
-Discipline and discharge
-Grievance handling
-Hours and overtime
-Management and union rights
-Strikes and lockouts |
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Term
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Definition
Most contracts are three to four years long
Employers do not like shorter contracts |
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Term
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Definition
| Union security clause that requires an employer to hire only union workers. This clause is illegal (since the Taft-Hartley Act of 1947). |
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Term
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Definition
| An example of integrative bargaining; parties approach the negotiation with the idea that once it is concluded, both sides will have benefited |
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Term
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Definition
| Unauthorized work stoppage during a contract (strike not approved by union) |
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Term
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Definition
| Unwillingness by both parties to concede further. There is an inability to agree on a contract. |
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Term
| THREE COMPONENTS OF EI AND QWL PROGRAMS |
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Definition
1. improving climate
2. generating commitment
3. implementing change |
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Term
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Definition
1. Employee approaches steward, who presents to grievant’s supervisor, who can answer or adjust it – often settled here
2. Steward presents grievance to plant industrial relations rep
3. May be settled locally w/union negotiating committee (or intl. rep) and management IR manager/plant manager
4. Submit dispute to arbitrator who decides award, if any |
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Term
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Definition
| A quasi-judicial process in which parties agree to submit unresolved disputes to a neutral third party for binding settlement. Most often associated with individual discipline and discharge cases. |
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Term
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Definition
-Management should have constraints in hiring or firing employees
-Labor creates goods, which creates the wealth, so they deserve a share of the wealth
-Trade unions are needed to protect workers’ rights
-Employees deserve to have a say in workplace policies |
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Term
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Definition
-Goal is to create a production process to produce products at the lowest possible price, thereby netting the most profit
-No constraints in hiring or firing
-Owner bears the risk of investing capital into the business, so the owner (not the employees) deserve the reward |
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Term
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Definition
| Most effective method has been proven to be friendly, personal socializing to the union, usually by steward |
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Term
| MANAGEMENT RIGHTS CLAUSES |
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Definition
| Specifies rights to direct the workforce, establish production levels, and frame appropriate company rules and policies |
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Term
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Definition
| Unlike the private sector, public sector organizing has become more intense, while management resistance to unions is lower. |
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