Term
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Definition
| highest point of a contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| projection of the spine of the scapula (forming the point of the shoulder)';used to explain the presentation of the fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| absence or disease of fibrinogen in the blood such that the blood will not coagulate. In obstectrics, this condition occurs from complications of abruptio placentae or retention of a dead fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| lay term for the placenta and membranes expelled after the birth or delivery of a child |
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Term
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Definition
| infusion of warmed isotonic saline into the uterine cavity; to reduce umbilical cord compression; also done to flush meconium out of the cavity, reducing risk of fetus aspirating meconium |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the amnion, occurring most frequently after early rupture of membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| artificial rupture of the fetal membranes (AROM) |
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Term
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Definition
| any drug or agent that will relieve pain |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| relation of fetal parts to each other in the uterus (all parts flexed, all parts flexed except neck is extended, etc) |
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Term
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Definition
| lay term for the sac containing amniotic fluid and fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormally thickened ridge of uterine musculature between the upper and lower segments that follows a mechanically obstructed labor, with the segment thinning abnormally |
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Term
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Definition
| examination of a woman's pelvic organs, done by placing one hand on the abdomen and one or two fingers of the other hand in the vagina |
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Term
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Definition
| a unit devoted entirely to and specializing in the birth of baby and the care of the mother |
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Term
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Definition
| a rating system used to determine if induction of labor can be performed |
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Term
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Definition
| vaginal discharge that originates in the cervix and consists of blood and mucus; increases as cervix dialates during labor |
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Term
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Definition
| presentation in which buttocks and/or feet are nearest the cervical opening and are born first; occurs in app 3%of all deliveries |
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Term
| breech presentation complete |
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Definition
| simultaneous presentation of buttocks, legs, and feet |
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Term
| breech presentation, footling (incomplete) |
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Definition
| presentation of one or both feet |
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Term
| breech presentation, Frank |
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Definition
| presentation of buttocks with hips flexed so that thighs are against abdoment |
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Term
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Definition
| hood of fetal membranes covering fetal head during delivery |
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Term
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Definition
| hood of fetal membranes covering fetal head during delivery |
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Term
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Definition
| birth of a fetus by an incision throug the abdominal wall and uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| inflammation of the membranes that cover the fetus; chorion/amnion |
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Term
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Definition
| newborn scalp edema created by vacuum extractor |
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Term
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Definition
| one of the 15-28 visible segments of the placenta on the maternal surface, each made up of fetal vessels, chorionic villi, and an intervillous space |
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Term
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Definition
| custom where the husband goes thru mock labor while his wife is giving birth |
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Term
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Definition
| obsolete method by which the placenta is expelled by downward manual pressure on the uterus through the abdominal wall. The thumb is placed on the posterior surface of the fundus of the uterus and the flat of the hand on the anterior surface. Pressure is applied in the direction of the birth canal. |
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Term
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Definition
| stage of delivery when the top of the fetal head can be seen at the vaginal orifice |
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Term
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Definition
| scraping of the endometrium lining of the uterus with a curet to remove the contents of the uterus (as is done after an inevitable or incomplete abortion) or to obtain specimens for diagnostic purposes |
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Term
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Definition
| decrease in fetal heart rate |
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Term
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Definition
| expulsion of the infant with placenta and membranes by the mother or their exraction by the obstetric practioner |
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Term
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Definition
| an approach to childbirth based upon the premise that fear of pain produces muscular tension, producing pain and greater fear. The method includes teaching physiologic processes of labor, exercise to improve muscle tone, and techniques to assist in relaxation and prevent the fear-tension mechanism |
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Term
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Definition
| dilation of the cervix: stretching the cervical canal to size of opening large enough to allow the passing of the infant |
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Term
| disseminated intravasular coagulation (DIC) |
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Definition
| coagulation disorder in which clotting factors are consumed and maternal blood does not clot |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| duncan's mechanism: delivery of placenta with the maternal surface presenting, rather than the shiny fetal surface |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| prolonged, painful or otherwise difficult delivery or birth because of mechanical factors produced by either the fetus, the pelvis of the mother, or because of inadequate uterine and other muscular activity |
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Term
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Definition
| periodic change in fetal heart rate pattern caused by head compression; deceleration has a uniform appearance and early onset in relation to the maternal contraction |
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Term
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Definition
| severe complication of pregnancy of unknown cause and occurring most often in primagravida; characterized by tonic and clonic convulsions, coma, high blood pressure, albuminuria, and oliguria occuring during pregnancy or shortly after delivery |
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Term
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Definition
| thinning and shortening or obliteration of the cervix that occurs during late pregnancy, labor or both |
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Term
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Definition
| gentle stroking movement of the fingertips over the abdomen during labor |
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Term
| electronic fetal monitoring (EFM) |
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Definition
| electronic tracing of fetal heart rate by external and internal methods |
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Term
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Definition
| infection of the endometrium |
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Term
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Definition
| endogenous opiods (morphine-like substance) secreted by the pituitary gland that act of the central and peripheral nervous system to reduce pain |
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Term
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Definition
| the descent of the fetal presenting part to at least a zero station (the level of the ischial spines in the maternal pelvis) |
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Term
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Definition
| injection of local anesthetic into the epidural space of the spinal column |
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Term
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Definition
| narcotic placed in the epidural space for the relief of pain |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical ncision of the perineum at the end of the second stage of labor to facilitate delivery and to avoid laceration of the perineum |
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Term
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Definition
| medication used for prevention and treatment of postpartum hemorrhade casued by uterine atony (limited use today) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| uterine contactions that do not result in cervical dilation, are irregular, are felt more in front, often do not last more than 20 seconds, and do not become longer or stronger |
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Term
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Definition
| rate of fetal heartbeats per minute; normal FHR is 120-160 |
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Term
| fetal heart rate fluctuations |
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Definition
| tachycardia, bradycardia, accerlations, decelerations, or changes in FHR variability |
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Term
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Definition
| the relationship existing between the long axis of the fetus and the long axis of the mother. In a longitudinal lie, the fetus is lying lengthwise or vertically, wheras in a transverse lie the fetus is lying crosswise or horizontally in the mother's uterus |
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Term
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Definition
| relationship of an arbitrarily chosen fetal reference point, such as the occiput, sacral, chin or scapula on the presenting part of the fetus to its location in the front, back, or sides of the maternal pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of the fetus which first enters the pelvis and lies over the inlet; may be the head, face, breech or shoulder |
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Term
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Definition
| having relaxed, flabby or absent muscle tone |
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Term
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Definition
| normal bending forward of the fetal head in the uterus and utering canal |
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Term
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Definition
| labor curve, pattern of descent of presenting part of dilation cervix; partogram |
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Term
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Definition
| dome-shaped upper portion of the uterus between the points of insertion of the fallopian tubes |
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Term
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Definition
| theory explains the neurophysical mechanism underlying the perception of pain |
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Term
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Definition
| deficient level of a blood clotting factor, fibrinogen, in the blood; in obstetrics, it occurs following complications of abruptio placentae or retention of a dead fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| artificial stimulation or augmentation of labor |
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Term
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Definition
| sluggishness or inactivity; in obstetrics, refers to the absence or weakness of uterine contractions during labor |
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Term
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Definition
| the time from the onset of true labor until the birth of the infant and delivery of the placenta |
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Term
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Definition
| the ratio of the phospholipids lecithin and sphingomyelin produced by the fetal lungs; useful when assessing fetal lung maturity |
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Term
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Definition
| series of physiological processes by which the fetus is expelled from the uterus. Divided into four stages |
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Term
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Definition
| irregular tear of wound tissue; in obstetrics, it usually refers to a tear in the perineum, vagina, or cervix caused by childbirth |
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Term
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Definition
| method of psychophysical preparation for childbirth developed in the 1950's by a French obstetricia. It requires classes, practice at home, and coaching during labor and delivery |
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Term
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Definition
| labor, delivery, recovery |
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Term
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Definition
| labor, delivery, recovery, postpartum |
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Term
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Definition
| chin, a fetal reference point designatiing the chin as the presenting part of the fetus during labor. (Left mentum anterior- LMA meaning that the fetal chin/face is presenting in the left anterior quadrant of the maternal pelvis) |
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Term
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Definition
| one who practices the art of helping and aiding a woman to give birth |
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Term
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Definition
| overlapping of the cranial bones or shaping of the fetal head to accommodate and conform to the body and soft parts of the mother's birth canal during labor |
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Term
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Definition
| relating or pertaining to birth |
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Term
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Definition
| term used to describe the umbilical cod when it is wrapped around the fetal neck |
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Term
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Definition
| registered nursewho has additional education to practice nursing in expanded role |
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Term
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Definition
| plug of mucus that fills the cervical canal during pregnancy |
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Term
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Definition
| drugs that stimulate uterine contractions, thus accelerating childbirth and preventing post delivery hemorrhade |
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Term
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Definition
| process or act of giving birth |
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Term
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Definition
| measurement of dimensions and proportions of the pelvis to determine its capacity and ability to allow the passage of the fetus through the birth canal |
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Term
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Definition
| period from the 28th week of gestation through the 28th day of life |
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Term
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Definition
| suture of operation used in repairing a laceration of the perineum, usually following labor and birth |
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Term
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Definition
| surgical incision into the perineum (also known as episiotomy) |
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Term
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Definition
| invasion of the uterine muscle by the placenta, thus making seperation from the muscle difficult if not mpossible |
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Term
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Definition
| a purring or blowing noise originating in the pregnant uterus due to fetal circulation of blood. It is synchronous with the maternal pulse. |
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Term
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Definition
| happening or occuring after birth |
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Term
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Definition
| rapid or sudden labor of less than 3 hours duration beginning from onset of cervial changes to completed birth of neonate |
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Term
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Definition
| the part of teh fetus, which lies closest to the internal os of the cervix |
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Term
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Definition
| protrusion of the umbilical cord in advance of the presenting part |
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Term
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Definition
| in obstetrics, a method of physical and mental preparation for natural childbirth. Also known as Lamaze technique. |
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Term
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Definition
| anesthesia injected around the pudendal nerve for pain relief |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| period of time following the third stage of labor and lasting until involution of the uterus takes place, usually about 3 to 6 weeks |
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Term
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Definition
| rentention of all or part of the placena in the uterus after delivery |
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Term
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Definition
| procedure used to control the delivery of the head |
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Term
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Definition
| in obstetrics, the turning of the fetal head as it follows the curves of the birth canal downward |
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Term
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Definition
| delivery of the placenta iwth the fetal surfaces (shiny in appearance) presenting (archaic). |
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Term
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Definition
| fetal membranes and placenta expelled after childbirth, afterbirth |
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Term
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Definition
| in pregnancy, a single fetus |
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Term
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Definition
| injection of a local anesthitic agent directly into the spinal fluid in the spinal canal. Used in vaginal and cesarean births |
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Term
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Definition
| spontaneous rupture of membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| relationship of the presenting fetal part to an imaginary line drawn between the ischial spines of the pelvis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| junction of the cranial bones |
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Term
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Definition
| extremely prolonged uterine contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| drug that inhibits uterine contractions. Commonly used with labors involving preterm infants |
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Term
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Definition
| electronic device used for measuring uterine contractions |
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Term
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Definition
| the last phase of active labor, from 8 to 10 cm cervical dilation, which is usually characterized by intense maternal discomfort |
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Term
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Definition
| the drawing up and thickening of the uterine muscle in preparation to expel the fetus from the uterus. Observed for frequency, duration, intensity during the labor process. |
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Term
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Definition
| normal irregularity of fetal cardia rhythm; short-term beat to beat changes; long-term rhythmic changes or waves from the baseline (usually 5-5 bpm). |
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Term
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Definition
| a turning of the position of the fetus in the uterus before birth. Can be spontaneous or manually induced |
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Term
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Definition
Gynecoid
Android
Anthropoid
Platypoid |
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Term
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Definition
lightening
return of urinary frequency
backache
stronger braxton hicks
bloody show
cervical ripening
possible rupture of membranes
surge of energy |
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
Cardiac output |
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Definition
| increases 10-15% in first stage; 30-50% in the second stage |
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
Heart rate |
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Definition
| heart rate increases slightly in first and second stage |
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
systolic blood pressure |
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Definition
| increases during uterine contractions |
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
White Blood Cell count |
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Definition
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
Respiratory Rate |
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Definition
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
temperature |
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Definition
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
blood glucose |
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Definition
| blood glucose level decreases |
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Term
Maternal physiologic changes during labor:
Proteinuria |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Passenger
passageway
powers
position of the woman
psychologic response |
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Term
Stages of Labor:
1st stage |
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Definition
| lasts from the time dilation begins to the time when the cervix is fully dilated |
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Term
Stages of Labor:
2nd stage |
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Definition
| lasts from time of full dialation to the birth of the infant |
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Term
Stages of Labor:
3rd stage |
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Definition
| lasts from the infant's birth to the expulsion of the placenta |
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Term
Stages of Labor:
4th stage |
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Definition
| is the first 2 hours after birth |
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Term
| What are the 8 cardinal movements of the mechanism of labor? |
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Definition
| engagement, descent, flexion, internal rotation, extension, restitution, external rotation, expulsion of infant |
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Term
| Types of pain experienced during labor |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| assist mother on to left side - lying down |
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Term
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Definition
| vaginal birth after cesarean |
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