Term
| Protostomia I (Phyla and What is Unique?) |
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Definition
| Platyhelminthes, Annelida and Mollusca...Cephalization...Classification based on similarites in embryological development. Genetic Similarities: RNA molecular phylogeny! |
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Term
| Protostomia I (Symmetry?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Protostomia I (Germ Layers?) |
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Definition
| Triploblastic...Ectoderm (goes to covering); Endoderm (goes to lining of digestive tract); and Mesoderm (forms muscles and most other organs between digestive tract and outer covering) |
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Term
| Protostomia I (Body Cavities?) |
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Definition
| Acoelomate, Psuedocoelomate, and Coelomate |
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Term
| Protostomia I (Acoelomate Description) |
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Definition
| Acoelomates: Lack an enclosed body cavity; only have digestive cavity everything else is filled with mesenchyme. ex: Flatworms and Ribbon Worms |
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Term
| Protostomia I (Pseudocoelomate Description) |
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Definition
| Three-layerd ex: Nematodes |
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Term
| Protostomia I (Coelomate Description) |
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Definition
| Posses body cavity completely bound by mesodermal tissue...Ectoderm -> Medoderm -> Coelom -> Mesoderm -> Digestive Cavity ex: Mollusks, annelids, arthropods, chordates, etc. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes (Classes?) |
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Definition
| Tubellaria, Tremetoda, and Cestoda |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Turbellaria (Common Name and Body Type?) |
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Definition
| Planaria: Free living flatworms...Acoelomate |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Turbellaria (Locomotion?) |
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Definition
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Turbellaria (Nervous System?) |
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Definition
| Cephilization: Ganglionic brain with two eyespots...Ventral Nerve cords run down length of body |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Turbellaria (Digestion?) |
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Definition
| Pharynx Mouth on bottom...Branching Gastrovascular Cavity...intracellulary and extracellulary...Smaller particles are taken into vacuoles then absorbed and passed through tissue layers. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Turbellaria (Respiration?) |
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Definition
| Diffusion through body surface. Large SA to Volume ration |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Turbellaria (Reproduction?) |
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Definition
| Asexual: Fragmentation and Sexual: Monecious but can't self fertilize |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Tremetoda (Common Name and Example) |
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Definition
| Flukes...ex: Blood Flukes...PARASITIC! Usually have a snail as first host. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Tremetoda (Host Types?) |
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Definition
| Intermediate and Definitive Hosts |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Tremetoda (Blood Fluke Life Cycle pg 119) |
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Definition
| Eggs shed in human feces...hatch in fresh water...develop into ciliated larva (miracidium)...enter intermediate host (snail) then developes into sporocySts...free-swimming larvae are produced (cercariae)...leave snail and swim until new host is found...Penetrate skin travel through blood stream and lodge in intestinal vein...develope into adults then mate |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Cestoda (Common Name and What do They Lack?) |
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Definition
| Tapeworms! Lack: Gastrovascular Cavity and any other digestive system organs |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Cestoda (Structures?) |
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Definition
| Scolex (head)...Neck Region (behind head)...Proglottids (segments containing reproductive structures and produce eggs; Monevious UsUally need another tapewrom to reproduce). |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Platyhelminthes: Class Cestoda (What does it do?) |
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Definition
| Attaches to intestional wall with Scolex (contains hooks and suckers) and consumes already digested food. Makes proglottides that break off and are shed through feces. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida (Common Name and Characteristics?) |
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Definition
| Segmented Worms!...Bilateral Symm...triploblastic...Segmented Body...Complete Digestive System |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida (Classes?) |
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Definition
| Polychaeta, Hirudinea, and Oligochaeta |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Polychaeta (Description pg 121) |
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Definition
| Mostly Marine with well developed heads with eyes and antennae...Have parapodia (function in gas exchange and locomotion)...Have Setae along parapodia "many setae" |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Hirudinea (Description pg 121) |
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Definition
| Leeches!...First and last segments are suckers...some are predaceous (capture prey) but most are boodsuckers |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Oligochaeta (Description pg 121) |
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Definition
| Earthworms and fresh water worms!...Have NO head with specilization...don't have many setae "few setae" |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Oligochaeta: Anatomy pg 124 (Nervous System) |
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Definition
| Bilobed Dorsal Ganglia connect to central nerve cord that runs lenght of body...three small segmental nerve cords branch off main in each segment. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Oligochaeta: Anatomy pg 124 (Digestion) |
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Definition
| Soil and organic matter enters mouth -> compacted in pharynx -> passes through esophagus -> passes through crop where it is temporarily stored -> passes to gizzard where it is ground by stones -> intestine where nutrients are absorbed and passed into blood stream -> waste expelled out anus |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Oligochaeta: Anatomy pg 124 (Typhlosole) |
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Definition
| Infolding of intestine to increase surface area and slows food passage through intestine. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Oligochaeta: Anatomy pg 124 (Circulatory System) |
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Definition
| Closed!...Flows through anerior blood vessle then pumped by 5 hearts (aortic arches) |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Annelida: Class Oligochaeta: Anatomy pg 124 (Reproduction) |
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Definition
| Seminal Vesicles (contain Testes much LARGER wrap around esoph)...Seminal Receptacles (receive sperm released by mate)...Vas Deferens (where sperm is released '15 segments down')...Ovary and Oviduct inbetween Seminal Vesicles and Vas deferens |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Mollusca (Includes?) |
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Definition
| Clams, mussels, scallops, snails, slugs, squids, and octopuses. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Mollusca (Classes?) |
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Definition
| Polyplacophora (many plate), Gastropoda (belly foot), Bivalvia (two door), Cephalopoda (head foot) |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Mollusca: Class Polyplacophora (Description pg 127) |
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Definition
| Chitons...Herbivors moved by muscular waves in foot. Mouth contains RADULA (hard grooved surface used for scraping) |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Mollusca: Class Gastropoda (Description pg 127) |
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Definition
| Snails and Slugs...Crawl on foot and have RADULA...Have obvious head with sense organs...snails have one piece shells...slugs have no shells |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Mollusca: Class Bivalvia (Description pg 127) |
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Definition
| Clams, mussels and scallops...Mostly marine...Filter-Feeders (strain water through gills)...Movement of cillia on gill surface creates current flow through mantle cavity. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Mollusca: Class Cephalopoda (Description pg 127) |
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Definition
| Octopus, Naualis and Cuttlefish...Carnivores...Advaced sensory organs...Mantle is primary swiming organ (water is drawn into mantle cavity then expelled forcefully)...moste (except nautilus) have lost or reduced shell. |
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Term
| Protostomia I: Phylum Mollusca: Class Bivalvia (Clam Anatomy pg 128) |
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Definition
| Adductor Muscles: Control opening and closing, attach to shell...Mantle Cavity contains organs, attached to shell...Siphons: Excurrent (out) and Incurrent (in)...Two gills on either side of foot...Foot in middle of clam...Visceral Mass...Labial Palps help direct food from gills into organs in visceral mass...Intestine...Digestive gland surrounds stomach...Gonad...heart on dorsal surface intestine passes through the heart...OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM |
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