Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| microscope with two lenses |
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Term
| total magnification equation |
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Definition
| objective magnification X ocular magnification |
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Term
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Definition
| lens which prevents light loss due to diffraction |
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Term
| light intensity decreases, contrast improves, depth of field increases, limit resolution |
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Definition
| what happens as you close down the diaphragm on the microscope? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| smallest distance between two objects which can be seen as separate or the diameter of the smallest resolvable object |
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Term
| decrease wavelength; increase NA |
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Definition
| how to improve resolution? |
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Term
diplo (1)
strepto (1)
tetra (2)
staphy (3 irregular)
sarcinae (3 regular) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| cationic, anionic, fat soluble, insoluble |
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Definition
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Term
| methylene blue and crystal violet |
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Definition
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Term
| acid fuschin, congo red, nigrosin |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
negative staining
nigrosin and india ink |
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Definition
stains background, not the cell in brightfield
give dyes used |
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Term
simple staining
methylene blue and crystal violet |
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Definition
one dye used to stain all cells the same color
give dyes used |
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Term
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Definition
| staining which causes cells to stain differently based on properties of the cells |
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Term
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Definition
| these microorganisms have a higher peptidoglycan and lower lipid content in their cell wall than their opposite |
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Term
| crystal violet, iodine, ethyl alcohol, saffranin |
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Definition
| 4 stains used for gram stain |
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Term
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Definition
| microorganisms which have a high wax content in cell walls compared to counterparts |
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Term
| carbol fuschin, steam, acid alcohol, methylene blue |
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Definition
| 4 stains for acid fast test |
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Term
| mycobacterium and nocardia |
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Definition
| two genera of acid fast organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| staining procedure used for structure |
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Term
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Definition
| heat and chemical resistant structures |
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Term
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Definition
| color of endospores vs sporangium |
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Term
| bacillus, clostridium and sporsarcinae |
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Definition
| 3 genera of spore forming organisms |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| malachite green, steam, water, saffranin |
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Definition
| 4 stains for structural (spore) staining technique |
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Term
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Definition
| media of raw materials whose composition is unknown |
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Term
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Definition
| media whose composition is known and is desgined for isolation, selection or differentiation |
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Term
| selective and differential |
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Definition
| 2 sub-categories of synthetic media |
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Term
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Definition
| media which favors the growth of one microorganism over another |
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Term
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Definition
| media which distinguishes between different types of microorganisms |
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Term
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Definition
| selects for gram + microorganisms |
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Term
| desocycholate agar (and eosin methylene blue) |
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Definition
| selects for gram - microorganisms which are lactose fermentors |
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Term
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Definition
| selects for gram - microorganisms and further differentiates lactose + fermentors |
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Term
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Definition
| fermentors which produce more acid and have colonies with dark centers and metallic green halos |
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Term
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Definition
| example of mixed acid fermentor |
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Term
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Definition
| produce less acid and have pale pink to lavender centers without metallic green halos |
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Term
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Definition
| example of butanediol fermentor |
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Term
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Definition
| no blood hemolysis, no zone of in blood agar |
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Term
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Definition
| partial hemolysis, some clearing in blood agar (sometimes looks green) |
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Term
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Definition
| complete hemolysis, complete clearing in blood agar |
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Term
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Definition
| tests for the presence of amylase |
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Term
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Definition
| color for positive test in starch agar |
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Term
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Definition
| tests for the presence of caseinase |
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Term
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Definition
| color of milk agar when positive for enzyme |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| positive lipase test color |
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Term
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Definition
| if microorganism is able to ferment sugar, what color will it be? |
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Term
| gas bubble in durham tube |
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Definition
| how to know if microorganism produces gas? |
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Term
| alkaline reaction; dark red color |
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Definition
| what will happen if microorganism does not ferment sugar? |
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Term
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Definition
| test for mixed acid fermentor |
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Term
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Definition
| tests for 2,3 butanediol fermentation |
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Term
| barrit's reagents (VPI alpha-naphthol and VPII KOH) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| color for 2,3 butanediol producer |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme which converts hydrogen peroxide to water and oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
| how to know if catalase is present |
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Term
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Definition
| enzyme which can oxidize aromatic amines to form colored products |
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Term
| dimethyl-p-phenylenediamine hydrochloride |
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Definition
| amine used to test for oxidase |
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Term
| sulfanilic acid and dimethyl-alpha-naphthylamine |
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Definition
| reagents added to broth in nitrate test |
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Term
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Definition
| color of broth for nitrate positive? |
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Term
| zinc; if turn red, nitrate -; if not, nitrate + |
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Definition
| if broth is not colored in nitrate test, what is added? what are the conclusions? |
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Term
| kovac's (p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde, amyl or butyl alcohol and HCl) |
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Definition
| reagent added for indole test |
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Term
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Definition
| pH indicator in urea test |
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Term
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Definition
| color for positive urease test |
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Term
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Definition
| example of urease and H2S positive microorganism |
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Term
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Definition
| testsw for enzyme cysteine desulfurase |
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Term
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Definition
| color of precipitate in positive H2S test |
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Term
| tests for sulfur, indole, motility |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| tests for cirate utilization as sole carbon source |
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Term
| growth and deep blue color |
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Definition
| positive signs for citrate test |
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Term
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Definition
| to test for presence of phenylpyruvic acid (PPA) in phenylalanine test, what is added? what is the color for a positive test? |
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Term
| lactose fermentation, caseinase presence, reduction of litmus, deamination of amino acids to produce NH3 |
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Definition
| what does litmus milk test for? |
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Term
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Definition
| acid reaction of litmus milk |
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Term
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Definition
| acid curd reaction of litmus milk |
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Term
| colorless litmus indicator, white color in test tube |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| alkaline reaction in litmus milk |
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Term
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Definition
| peptonization/proteolysis in litmus milk |
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Term
| indole, methyl red, voges-proskauer, citrate |
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Definition
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