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| Who invented the microoscope? |
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Definition
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Term
| Who was the 1st to examine microorganisms on a simple microoscope by using teeth scrapings? |
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Definition
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| Microscope that shows dark objects in a brighter field |
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Definition
| A brightfield compound microscope |
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Term
| What are the basic parts of a microscope? |
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Definition
base stage arm body tube condenser iris diaphragm objective lenses ocular lens coarse adjustment knob fine adjustment knob
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Term
| What are the 4 possible objective lense on a normal compound microscope and what are their powers? |
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Definition
4 x - scanning power 10 x - low power 40 x - high power 100 x - immersion oil
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Term
| Refers to the ability of lenses to reveal fine detail or 2 points distinctly separated |
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Definition
| resolution or resolving power |
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Term
| A magnifying lense with 10 x power and part of the eyepiece |
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Definition
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| Contains mirrors and prism that transmit the image from the objective lens to the ocular lens |
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Definition
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| Holds the slide in place on the stage |
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| Primary lenses that magnifies the specimen |
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Definition
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| Controls the amount of light entering the condenser |
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Definition
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| A lens system that condenses light before it passes through the specimen |
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Definition
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| Platform of the microscope |
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Definition
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| Use for focusing the speciment, it changes the distance between the objective lens and the specimen lens |
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Term
| The amount of light that is bent |
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Definition
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Term
When light passes through a lens and is bent to converge, it produces an image |
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Definition
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Term
| When bringing the center of the microscope field into focus, the periphery may be fuzzy due to the curvature of the lens, resulting in multiple focal points |
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Term
| A multitude of colors is seen in the field cuase by the prismlike effect of the lens as various wavelengths of white light pass through the focal point for each wavelength |
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Definition
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Term
| How can chromatic abberation be minimized? |
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Definition
| It can be minimized by the use of filters (usually blue) or lens system corrected for red + blue light called achromatic lenses. |
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Term
| The most expensive way to eliminate chromatic aberration is using a one wavelength light source known as |
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Definition
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Term
| The total magnification obtained when the 4x (scanning) lens is in place is? |
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Definition
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| The total magnification obtained when the 10 x (low power) lens is in place ? |
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Definition
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| The total magnification obtained when the 40 x (high power) lens is in place? |
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Definition
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Term
The total magnification obtwained when the 100 x (oil immersion) lens is in place ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| It is usually more difficult to focus on an ________ than a _____________ preparation |
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Definition
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Term
| It may be easier to focus on an unstained preparation if the intensity of the light travelling through the preparation is ____________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Prokaryotic cells are __________ than eukaryotic cells |
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Definition
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Term
| It is often possible to see the _________ in eukaryotic cells |
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Definition
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Term
| General rules to good aseptic technique |
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Definition
wash your hands thoroughly disinfect the counter before and after u work think carefully as you are dealing w/ microorganisms
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Term
| What could occur if you put a loop into a flame with live microorganisms? how to avoid this? |
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Definition
| Once the live microorganisms hit the flame, it can cause an aersol and spray microorganisms everywhere. To avoid this, start burning the loop somewhere in the middle top and work you way to the loop. |
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Term
| A culture that only contains one kind of microorganism |
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Definition
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Term
| A culture that has more than one kind of microorganism present is _____ |
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Definition
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Term
| Use for obtaining isolated colonies |
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Definition
| Dilution streaking method |
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Term
| When there is cloudiness in a broth. what is that called? |
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Definition
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Term
| More than one colony type is on a place that is supposed to contain a pure culture indicates that the culture is ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| A differential stain to be use to differentiate between microorganisms |
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Definition
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Term
| During gram-staining, where do they take their samples from? |
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Definition
| From specimens or cultures |
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Term
| In gram staining, the differential effect is determine by __________ |
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Definition
| biochemical structure of gram + and gram - |
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Term
| What are the 4 Gram staining regents used? |
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Definition
Crystal violet Iodine Decolorizing agent safran
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Term
What is the gram reaction of Staphylococcus aureus? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the shape of Staphylococcus aureus |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the arrangement of Staphlococcus aureus |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the gram reaction of E. coli? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the shape of E. Coli? |
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Definition
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Term
| What arrangement is E. Coli in? |
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Definition
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Term
What color does a gram positive organism appears |
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Definition
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Term
| What color appears on a gram negative organism ? |
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Definition
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Term
| How can u tell if growth occuring in a nutrient broth? |
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Definition
| If there is cloudiness or sediments in the top bottom or middle of the test tube |
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Term
| Why is agar preferable to gelatin as a solidifying agent in culture media? |
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Definition
| agar has no nutritional value so bacteria cannot feed off of it. The agar remains solid until it is melted at 100 degrees celcius and then cooled at 40 degrees celcius where it remains solid. Solid agar is better for bacteria to grow because microbes can't degrade it. |
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Term
Do all organisms live in or on the environments sampled grow on the nutrient agar? |
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Definition
The nutrient agar will grow the largest number of bacteria but not all of the organisms will show up. Some microorganism find the agar to be too rich or not enough |
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Term
| How could you determine whether the turbidity in your nutrient broth tube was from a mixture of different microbes or from the growth of only one kind of microbe? |
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Definition
| There's no way to tell by looking at it. We would need to take a sample of the broth and place it on an agar dish or need to do a gram stain to determine it. |
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Term
| Why is it desirable that microscopes are parfocal? |
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Definition
| its beneficial for the reason when moving from low poer to a high power, the specimen being viewed is still visible yet needs adjustment |
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Term
| What controls the amount of light reaching the ocular lens? |
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Definition
| The iris diaphragm controls the amount of light passing. |
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Term
Are compound lens adjusted for chromatic aberration? |
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Definition
| Yes it is corrected to reduce color fringing. |
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Term
| What effect does increased magnification have on the field of vision? |
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Definition
| An increase in magnification gives a smaller image section of the field of vision |
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Term
| What can enhance resolving power? |
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Definition
| 1) To shorten the distance from the objective lens and the ocular lense. Smaller wavelengths of light improve resolving power. |
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Term
| What advantages does the low power objective have over the oil immersion objective for viewing fungi? |
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Definition
| Viewing objects at low power give a better whole picture when it comes to looking at fungi. In oil immersion, fungi looks very vaint compared to low power |
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Term
| What would occur if water were accidentally used in place of immersion oil? |
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Definition
| Watter cannot control the bending of light. If anything, there would be more bending of light |
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Term
| A physicians selection of antibiotics for a patient is based on ____________ of pathogens to antimicrobials |
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Definition
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Term
| Susceptibility is determined in the _________ by tests called antibiotics sensitivity tests |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the degrees of susceptibility to particular drugs? |
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Definition
S sensitive R resistant I intermediate
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