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Lab 9 Pliocene Hominins
Lab 9 Pliocene Hominins
19
Anthropology
Undergraduate 2
06/01/2012

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Cards

Term
Epochs of the Cenozoic from oldest to youngest
Definition
Paleocene Eocene Oligocene Miocene Pliocene Pleistocene
Term
Why is Carpolestes the best evidence of the earliest primate?
Definition
Divergent 1st digit, flat nails
Term
Is the adapoid fossil a primate? Why?
Definition
Yes. Grasping hand, generalized skeleton, post-orbital bar, somewhat frontally placed eyes (strepsirrhine features--i think)
Term
Aegyptopithecus--why anthropoid? Features?
Definition
Complete orbital socket, reduced snout, fused frontal and mandible
Term
Which specimens represents an early catarrhine fossil?
Definition
Aegypto
Term
Which specimen is considered to be a member of the hominoid superfamily?
Definition
Proconsul
Term
Human bipedal characteristics
Definition
Centrally placed foramen magnum S-curve lateral, short and broad pelvis Bicondylar femur Oblique fémur Adducted hallex Short, uncured phalanges
Term
Chimpanzee skeletal features indicative of their locomotion pattern
Definition
Posterior foramen magnun Single curve spine A-P pelvis orientation Tall and narrow pelvis Divergent hallux Long, curved phalanges
Term
Hominin dentition
Definition
Small canine Parabolic back tooth rows Small anterior teeth Large posterior teeth No diastema Bicuspid P3
Term
Ape dentition
Definition
Canine honing Sectorial P3 Parallel back tooth rows Large anterior teeth Small posterior teeth Diastema
Term
Australopithecus cranial pattern
Definition

Large dished face

Medium to small brow ridge

Bell-shaped cranium

Somewhat megadont dentition

Post-orbital constriction

Term
Why does the Taung child resemble humans?
Definition
Larger molars Smaller canines Centrally placed foramen magnum
Term
3 hominin dental or mandibular traits seen in Australopithecus
Definition

No diastema

Large posterior tooth size

Parabolic teeth rows

Term
3 traits in A. afarensis that are considered primitive for humans
Definition

Larger canine

Semi-sectorialP3

Diastema

Term
 3 pelvic features Australopithecus shares with bipedal humans
Definition
Faces lateral Short and broad Bowl shaped
Term
A. afarensis locomotion
Definition
Bipedal and climbing
Term
Typical facial pattern of Australopiths
Definition
dished face
small brow ridge
post-orbital constcriction
Term
Australopith dental
Definition
1. Reduction in anterior tooth size, specifically the canine size
2. Semi-sectorial or bicuspid P3
3. No diastema
4. large posterior tooth size
5. short and thick mandibular body
6. Parabolic tooth rows
Term
Australopith post-cranial
Definition
Climbing AND bipedal
Long arms
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