Term
| What must there be for theatre to happen? (4 elements) |
|
Definition
1) Actors
2) Audiences
3) A certain time
4) A certain place |
|
|
Term
| What are the six essential parallels between theatre and life? |
|
Definition
1) Actors and humanity
2) Simulation and reality
3) Rehearsal and learning
4) Improvisation and spontaneity
5) Stage and world
6) Audiences and society |
|
|
Term
| What are the five expectations of audiences? |
|
Definition
1) Audiences expect plays to be related to life experiences
2) Most audiences go to the theatre expecting the familiar
3) Another facet of the audience experience is the collective response
4) Audiences must make preparations for attending a play and observe certain unwritten rules of decorum
5) The audience, or spectator, is central to the theatrical event |
|
|
Term
| What is the Greek word that means “seeing place?” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The great societies first nurtured theatre as a means of gathering citizens together for what three purposes? |
|
Definition
1) To celebrate civic accomplishments
2) Warn of personal error
3) Ridicule society's fools |
|
|
Term
| Who are the four Greek playwrights whose works survive? |
|
Definition
Aeschylus
Sophocles
Euripides
Aristophanes |
|
|
Term
| What are the four major theaters listed under the title, “Western Theatre?” |
|
Definition
Greek
Medieval
Elizabethan
Proscenium |
|
|
Term
| What is the main characteristic of “Bunraku” that sets it apart from most theatre styles? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| For what have playwrights expressed concern since the beginning of the Greek festivals? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an early example of a Latin playlet performed by priests to teach Christian doctrine and encourage good moral behavior? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What did Jerzy Grotowski found in Opole in 1959? |
|
Definition
| The Polish Laboratory Theatre |
|
|
Term
| What aspect of normal theatre does Alternative or “Environmental theatre” reject? |
|
Definition
| Conventional seating and arranges the audience as part of the playing space |
|
|
Term
| Peter Schumann’s group takes its name from what two constant elements of their work? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who founded the ‘Living Theatre”? |
|
Definition
| Julian Beck and Judith Malina |
|
|
Term
| What is the B movie you should neither buy nor rent and is not recommended by the instructor that illustrates alternative space theatre of the late 60’s and early 70’s? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| A musical form featuring songs, dances, comedy sketches and elaborate productions numbers is called what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What was Roger and Hammerstein’s first musical partnership? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| On what Shakespeare play is West Side Story based? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who are the two Englishmen who, in the 1980's, brought “larger-than-life” British musicals to New York stages? |
|
Definition
| Sir Cameron Mackintosh and Lord Andrew Lloyd Webber |
|
|
Term
| Who popularized the “concept musical”? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of criticism for the theatre? |
|
Definition
| Drama criticism and theatre criticism |
|
|
Term
| What are the four aspects of the audience viewpoint? |
|
Definition
Human significance
Social significance
Aesthetic significane
Entertainment |
|
|
Term
| What are the three traditional questions of a critic? |
|
Definition
1) What is the playwright trying to do?
2) How well has he or she done it?
3) Was it worth doing? |
|
|
Term
| What four true talents does theatre criticism combine? |
|
Definition
1) Artistic sensibilities
2) Writing ability
3) Performance insight
4) Knowledge of theatre past and present |
|
|
Term
| What writing of Aristotle has lasting dramatic criticism value? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name one play written by Tennessee Williams. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who was the kindergarten teacher that wrote the Pulitzer Prize winning play entitled WIT or W;T? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Who, along with Tennessee Williams, was the most influential American playwright following the Second World War? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do most playwrights encourage? |
|
Definition
| The audience's empathy, or emotional involvement, with characters and situations |
|
|
Term
| What are three essential tools of the playwright? |
|
Definition
| Plot, character, and language |
|
|
Term
| What are the seven main categories of theatre? |
|
Definition
Tragedy
Comedy
Tragicomedy
Farce
Epic
Absurd
Melodrama |
|
|
Term
| Of the sixteen differences between Tragedy and Comedy, what are four of these differences? |
|
Definition
1) Pain and Pleasure
2) Inflexible and Flexible
3) Decay and Growth
4) Unhappiness and happiness |
|
|
Term
| Of the nineteen differences between Dramatic Theatre and Epic Theatre, what are four of these differences? |
|
Definition
1) Plot and Narrative
2) Growth and Montage
3) Suggestion and Argument
4) Feeling and Reason |
|
|
Term
| What does Oedipus The King explore? |
|
Definition
| Human guilt and innocence, knowledge and ignorance, power and helplessness |
|
|
Term
| What does Melodrama do with experience? |
|
Definition
| Oversimplifies, exaggerates, and contrives experience |
|
|
Term
| What are the chief elements (4) of drama according to Aristotle’s criteria? |
|
Definition
Plot
Character
Language
Spectacle |
|
|
Term
| What are the modern elements of drama? |
|
Definition
1) Action
2) Character
3) Conflict
4) Gesture
5) Meaning
6) Plot
7) Signs
8) Symbols
9) Sounds
10) Time
11) Visual Effect
12) Words |
|
|
Term
| In what three basic ways have plays generally been structured? |
|
Definition
Climactic Structure
Episodic Structure
Situation Structure |
|
|
Term
| Who wrote A Doll’s House? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the four designations of the situational play structure of Ionesco’s The Bald Soprano? |
|
Definition
Structure
Increasing Tension
Explosion
Return to Original Situation |
|
|
Term
| What is the moment in a play when the story is taken up? |
|
Definition
| Point of Attack, or Inciting Incident |
|
|
Term
| What convention of metaphor does Shakespeare use in the play Hamlet? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the nine widely used dramatic conventions? |
|
Definition
Stage Directions
Exposition
Point of Attack or Inciting Incident
Complications
Crisis
Climax
Resolution
Simultaneous or Double Plots
The play-within-the-play |
|
|
Term
| What are the two types of exposition? |
|
Definition
| Classical Exposition and Modern Exposition |
|
|
Term
| What three things make up the middle of most plays? |
|
Definition
| Complications, Crisis, Climax |
|
|
Term
| What are 4 of the 16 ways that stage language communicates the stage’s living reality? |
|
Definition
| Words, Sounds, Light, Color |
|
|
Term
| What 4 basic questions must we ask to understand communication in theatre? |
|
Definition
What do we hear?
What do we see?
What is taking shape before us?
What growing image creates the life of the play? |
|
|
Term
| Who called for a “theatre of cruelty?” |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A means of taking the audience into the character's mind to overhear unspoken thoughts and arguments with the self |
|
|
Term
| What four masterpieces of the modern stage were written by Anton Chekhov? |
|
Definition
The Sea Gull
Uncle Vanya
The Three Sisters
The Cherry Orchard |
|
|
Term
| What are fundamental to the actor's craft? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the actor’s eight tools? |
|
Definition
Body
Voice
Impulses
Emotions
Concentration
Imagination
Improvisation
Intellect |
|
|
Term
| Stanislavski developed a systematic approach to train actors to do what? |
|
Definition
| Work from the inside outwards |
|
|
Term
| Reduced to its simplest terms, the actor’s goal is to do what? |
|
Definition
| Tell the character's circumstances in the play's story as truthfully and effectively as possible |
|
|
Term
| How did some describe David Garrick's face? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are three types of directors? |
|
Definition
1) One type treats actors and designers as "servants" to the director's concept
2) Another type reverses this approach and acts as the creative coordinator of a group of actors and designers
3) The third functions as a guide |
|
|
Term
| What is the purpose of casting? |
|
Definition
| To match an actor to a roll |
|
|
Term
| Name four of the director’s collaborators. |
|
Definition
Playwrights
Actors
Designers
Technicians |
|
|
Term
| In general, what are the six responsibilities of the director? |
|
Definition
1) Selecting or creating a script, or agreeing to direct an offered script
2) Deciding on the text's interpretation and, with the designers, on the "look" and configuration of the stage space
3) Holding auditions and casting actors in the various rolls
4) Working with other theatre artist, technicians, and managers to plan and stage the production
5) Rehearsing the acting company
6) Coordinating all design and production elements into a unified performance |
|
|
Term
| For directors, improvisation or game playing is primarily what? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What do scene designers create? |
|
Definition
| Three-dimensional environments for the actor and make the play's world visible and interesting |
|
|
Term
| Name one of the costume designers mentioned in chapter 11. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| According to the author what does make up do? |
|
Definition
| Enhances the actor and completes the costume |
|
|
Term
| According to Adolphe Appia, what is the basic goal of theatrical production? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are three types of make up? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How does the book describe stage lighting? |
|
Definition
| A powerful theatrical tool to focus an audiences attention, enhance understanding, and give aesthetic pleasure. |
|
|
Term
| What five things does a finished light plot show? |
|
Definition
1) The location of each lighting instrument to be used
2) The type of instrument, wattage, and color filter
3) The general area to be lighted by each instrument
4) Circuitry necessary to operate the instruments
5) Any other details necessary for the operation of the lighting system |
|
|
Term
| To what does the most frequently seen special effect relate? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What five purposes does music serve as listed in the book? |
|
Definition
1) Evoking mood
2) Establishing period
3) Heightening tension
4) Intensifying action
5) Providing transitions between scenes and at endings |
|
|
Term
| Name three members of the production team. |
|
Definition
Production Manager
Technical Director
Costume Shop Manager |
|
|
Term
| According to the book, there are how many Broadway theaters at present? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Name one of the thirteen Broadway contracts negotiated for a production. |
|
Definition
| The Society of Stage Directors and Choreographers: directors and choreographers |
|
|
Term
| How many seats characterize an Off Broadway theater? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| The national alliance of regional theaters is known as what? (Hint LORT) |
|
Definition
| League of Resident Theatres |
|
|
Term
| What is a Broadway option? |
|
Definition
| A payment advanced against royalties to the playwright |
|
|
