Term
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Definition
| If a plaent does not rotate then the sun will heat the atmosphere that it is closest to. Hot material rises and cold material sinks so you get a convecting cell when the hot atmosphere rises, moves away from the sun, cools and then sinks. |
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Term
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Definition
| When you are rotating and you throw a ball and it looks like it curves away from you. |
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Term
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Definition
| When you combine the Hadley Cells with the Coriolis Effect, the atmosphere of a rotating planet gets broken into stripes (called belts) that rotate in opposite directions. |
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Term
| What color are hydrogen and helium? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is Jupiter an orenge/brown color? |
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Definition
| Sulfer is a trace gass that makes it orange |
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Term
| Why are Neptune and Uranus blue? |
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Definition
| Methane is a trace gas that makes them blue. |
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Term
| What two factors determine the color of a worlds atmosphere? |
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Definition
The gravity and the temperature
(the same things that determine what gasses a a planet can hold onto) |
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Term
| How do we know that jupiter is heated? |
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Definition
| The winds of Jupiter speed up as you get closer to the surface. Something has to provide the energy to move it |
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Term
| What is heating the Jupiter? |
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Definition
| Gravitational contraction |
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Term
| Gravitational contraction |
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Definition
The final stages of accretion.
The materials have all accreted together but the pressure from gravity is still pulling it all together.
This creates a significant amount of energy. |
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Term
| What three things must a planet have in order to have a magnetic field? |
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Definition
1. An electrically conductive material
2. The electrically conductive material must be hot enough to be able to move.
3. The planet must spin relatively fast. |
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Term
| Does earth have a magnetic field? |
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Definition
It has:
1. And iron core
2. The outer core is liquid
3. It spins fast enough.
YES it has a magnetic field |
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Term
| Does Venus have a magnetic field? |
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Definition
1. It has an iron core
2. It is geologically active and therefore hot enough
3. It does not spin fast enough
NO it does not have a magnetic field |
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Term
| Does mars have a magnetic field? |
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Definition
1. It has a very small iron core
2. The iron core is no longer hot
3. It does spin fast enough
NO it does not have a magnetic field |
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Term
| Does Jupiter have a magnetic field? |
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Definition
1. It has a Metalic Liquid Hydrogen center
2. The metallic hydrogen is liquid
2. It spins really fast.
YES Jupiter has the strongest magnetic field in the solar system. |
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Term
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Definition
| The hydrogen on the surface of Jupiter is under such high pressure that it is a liquid. It conducts electricity very well so it is considered a mettal. |
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Term
| What does earth's magnetic field have to do with the existence of life on the planet? |
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Definition
| The magnetic field re directs solar radiation so that it cannot get through to the surface of earth. |
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Term
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Definition
Electrically charged particles released from the surface of the sun.
They are very bad for us and cause cancer and death. |
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Term
| Norther lights / aurora borealis |
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Definition
The solar radiation that gets funneled to the north pole.
It shows up as beautifully colored lights in the sky.
They are not harmful |
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Term
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Definition
| Pockets of radiation that get caught in the magnetic field of a planet. They do not interact with the surface but traveling through them can be very harmful |
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Term
| What is the biggest obstical to space travel |
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Definition
| When we leave the protection of the earth's magnetic field we are exposed to the solar radiation and solar storms |
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Term
| Why can we not send missions to, and land on, Jupiter and it's first moon Io? |
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Definition
| The bottles of radiation (formed within the magnetic field lines of Jupiter) around Jupiter are so large they would kill an Astronaut and fry the electronics of a shuttle. |
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Term
| What is the safest place in the universe? |
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Definition
| Saturn's rings. There are no bottles of radiation there. |
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